GRAIN SIZE VARIATION AND HEAVY METALS DISTRIBUTION DURING LAST HUNDRED YEARS UNDER THE IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES IN THE INNER LINGDINGYANG BAY OF THE PEARL RIVER ESTUARY
-
摘要: 对珠江口内伶仃洋不同海域3个柱状样沉积物进行的210Pb测年和重金属分布特征垂向变化分析;研究了近百年来珠江口沉积速率时空变化;探讨了在自然作用和人类活动影响下重金属分布特点和累积因素。结果表明,珠江口内伶仃洋海域东西两岸的沉积物平均粒径4~7.5 φ,横门和深圳海域沉积物敏感组分呈现出显著双峰分布,粗细组分分界线为5.25 φ,淇澳岛沉积物敏感组分不明显,沉积环境较为稳定。基于210Pb测年的CIC模式,获得了各个岩心的现代沉积速率,横门海域沉积速率1.6 cm/a,淇澳岛海域沉积速率4.08 cm/a,0~70 cm深度内深圳西海岸海域沉积速率2.58 cm/a,70 cm以深沉积速率为4.47 cm/a。重金属含量分析表明,Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn和Pb含量从1923-1986年维持较高水平,但是变化不大;1967-1983年的深圳海域和1983-2004年的淇澳岛海域,各重金属元素含量快速上升;进入2000年以后,2003-2005年和2008-2012年,重金属含量呈现逐年减小趋势,2005-2008年则表现为逐年上升;这些变化与沿岸的社会经济发展、重金属入海量紧密相关。Abstract: 3 sediment cores were collected in August 2012 at the Lingdingyang Bay of the Pearl River Estuary, the South China. On the basis of heavy metal analysis and 210Pb dating, sedimentation rates over the past century are acquired. The distribution pattern and accumulation factors of heavy metals are discussed on the roles of natural and human activities. The results show that the mean grain size changes from 4φ~7.5φ in the 3 sediment cores. Obvious bimodal distribution is observed in the sensitive components in the Shenzhen and Hengmen sea areas, where the coarse component was divided from the fine at 5.25φ, whereas the sensitive components around the Qi'ao Island is not obvious, suggesting a stable sedimentary environment. Modern sedimentation rates are calculated with 210Pb dating data by CIC model. It was 1.6 cm/a in the Hengmen sea area, but 4.08 cm/a near the Qi'ao Island. Within 0~70 cm of the depth of the core, the sedimentation rate was 2.58 cm/a in the Shenzhen sea area, and below the depth of 70 cm it was as high as 4.47 cm/a. Heavy metal contents analysis shows that the contents of the Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb from 1923 to 1986 remained on a high level with little change. A rapid increase occurred in the sea area of Shenzhen from 1967 to 1983 and in the sea area of the Qi'ao Island from 1983 to 2004. From 2003 to 2005 and from 2008 to 2012, the heavy metal content decreased year by year, except for the period from 2005 to 2008 while heavy metals increase. The changes in heavy metal content are closely related with socio-economic development there and the heavy metal flux into the sea area.
-
Key words:
- heavy metal /
- grain size /
- sensitive components /
- sedimentation rates /
- Pearl River
-
-
[1] 贾建军,高抒,高建华,等.珠江口河流输沙、河口沉积与粒度信息之间的联系[J].海洋科学进展,2005,23(3):298-304.
[JIA Jianjun,GAO Shu,GAO Jianhua,et al. Linkage of grain size information with river sediment discharge and estuarine deposition at the Pearl River estuary[J]. Advances in Marine Science,2005,23(3):298-304.]
[2] 陈吉余,陈沈良.中国河口研究五十年:回顾与展望[J].海洋与湖沼,2007,38(6):81-486.
[CHEN Jiyu,CHEN Shenliang. China estuarine research for 50 years:retrospect and prospect[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2007,8(6):481-486.]
[3] 冉隆江,石勇,高建华,等. 鸭绿江河口地区沉积物的粒度变化及影响因素[J],海洋地质与第四纪地质,2012,32(2),31-42.
[RAN Longjiang, SHI Yong, GAO Jianhua,et al. Grain Size Variation and Its Influencing Factors in The Sediment Cores of Ya Lu River Estuary[J],Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology,2012,32(2):31-42.]
[4] 乔彭年.珠江河口湾伶仃洋淤积的初步研究[J],海洋学报,1988,10(2):204-211.
[QIAO Pengnian.A preliminary study on the zhujiang River stuary Lingdingyang sediment[J].Acta Oceanologioa Sinica,1988,10(2):204-211.]
[5] 夏真,马胜中,梁开,等.珠江口伶仃洋海底沉积[J],海洋地质与第四纪地质,2008,28(2):7-13.
[XIA Zhen,MA Shengzhong,LIANG Kai,et al.The Zhujiang River Estuary Lingdingyang sedincent[J].Marine Geolegy and Quternaly Geology,2008,28(2):7-13.]
[6] 肖志建,李团结,廖世智. 伶仃洋表层沉积物特征及其泥沙运移趋势[J],热带海洋学报,2011,30(4):58-64.
[XIAO Zhijian,LI Tuanjie,LIAO Shizhi. Surface sediment characteristics and transport trend in Lingdingyang Bay of the Pearl River Estuary[J],Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2011,30(4):58-64.]
[7] 刘志勇,潘少明,程功弼,等.珠江口沉积物210Pb分布特征及环境意义[J],沉积学报,2010,28(1):166-175.
[LIU Zhiyong,PAN Shaoming,CHEN Gongbi,et al. 210Pb Characteristic in the Sediment Cores from the Pearl River Mouth and Its Environmental Implication[J],ACTA Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(1):166-175.]
[8] 王爱军,叶翔,李团结,等. 近百年来珠江口淇澳岛滨海湿地沉积物重金属累积及生态危害评价[J],环境科学,2011,32(5):1306-1314.
[WANG Aijun,YE Xiang,LI Tuanjie,et al.Heavy Metal Accumulation During Last Hundred Years and Its Assessment of Potential Ecological Risk in the Coastal Wetland of Qi'ao Island,Pearl River Estuary of China[J],Environmental Science,2011,32(5):1306-1314.]
[9] 马玉,李团结,高全洲,等.珠江口沉积物重金属背景值及其污染研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(3):712-719.
[MA Yu,LI Tuanjie,GAO Quanzhou,et al.Background values and contamination of heavy metals in sediments from the Pearl River Estuary[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,34(3):712-719.]
[10] 王珊珊,曹志敏,蓝东兆. 河口近岸海域源-汇意义分析——以珠江河口海域沉积物中重金属计算分析为例[J],科技通报,2014,30(1):199-202.
[WANG Shanshan,CAO Zhimin,LAN Dongzhao. The Source-Sink Significance of Estuarine and Coastal Area——The Pearl River Estuary as an Example Calculation of Heavy Metals[J],Bulletin of Science and Technology,2014,30(1):199-202.]
[11] 谢文平,王少冰,朱新平,等. 珠江下游河段沉积物中重金属含量及污染评价[J],环境科学,2012,33(6):1808-1815.
[XIE Wenping,WANG Shaobing,ZHU Xinping,et al. Residues and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Metal in Sediments from Lower Reaches and Estuary of Pearl River[J],environment science,2012,33(6):1808-1815.]
[12] 杨立平, 贺玉林, 杨志普. 珠江口内伶仃洋沉积物重金属富集特征及其生态危害评价[J],海岸工程,2010,29(1):53-58.
[YANG Liping, HE Yuling, YANG Zhipu. Enrichment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments in Inner Lingdingyang Firth of the Pearl River Estuary and Assessment of Potential Ecological Risk[J],2010,29(1):53-58.]
[13] 黄小平,田磊,彭勃,等.珠江口海域环境污染研究进展[J],热带海洋学报,2010,29(1):1-7.
[HUANG Xiaoping,TIAN Lei,PENG Bo,et al. Environmental pollution in the Pearl River Estuary:a review[J],Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2010,29(1):1-7.]
[14] 林祖亨,梁舜华.珠江河口的现代沉积环境与底质重金属的含量分布[J],海洋通报,1995,14(4):43-49.
[LIN Zuheng,LIANG Shunhua. Modern Sedimentary Environment and Heavy Metal Content Distribution in Bottom Load in Pearl Estuary[J], Marine Science Bulletin, 1995,14(4):43-49.]
[15] 张祖麟,陈宗团,徐立,等.珠江口外伶仃洋的现代沉积速率及重金属污染[J],海洋通报,1998,17(3):53-57.
[ZHANG Zulin,CHEN Zongtuan,XU Li,et al. Modern Sedimentary Rate and Heavy Metal Pollution in the Pearl Estuary[J],Marine Science Bulletin,1998,17(3):53-57.]
[16] 石要红,梁开,夏真.珠江口伶仃洋海底表层沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态危害评价[J],南海地质研究,2006,52-59.[SHI Yaohong, LIANG Kai, XIA Zhen. Pollution of Heavy Metals in the Lingdingyang of the Pearl River Estuary and Its Assessment of Potential Ecological Risk, Research of Geological South China Sea 2006, 52
-59.]
[17] 闻平,刘沛然,雷亚平,等.近50年伶仃洋滩槽冲淤变化趋势分析[J],中山大学学报(自然科学版),2003,42,增刊(2
):240-243.[WEN Ping,LIU Peiran,LEI Yaping,et al. An Analysis of The Tendency of Erosion and Sedimentation on Foreshore and Channels of Lingding Estuary in Past Fifty Years[J],ACTA Scientiarum Naturalium universitatis Sunyatseni,2003,42,(2):240-243.]
[18] 胡德礼,杨清书,吴超羽,等. 珠江网河水沙分配变化及其对伶仃洋水沙场的影响[J],水科学进展,2010,2(1):69-76.
[HU Deli,YANG Qingshu, WU Chaoyu,et al. Changing water and sediment dynamics in the PearlRiver network and consequences on water and sediment regimes in the Lingdingyang estuary[J],Advances in Water Science,2010,2(1):69-76.]
[19] 夏真.珠江口内伶仃洋水下地形地貌特征[J],海洋地质与第四纪地质,2005,25(1):19-24.
[XIA Zhen. Characters of underwater topography and geomorphology in inener Lingdingyang firth of the Pearl River (Zhujiang River) Estuary[J], Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2005,25(1):19-24.]
[20] 王文介.珠江口的沉积作用和沉积相[J],沉积学报,1985,3(2):129-140.
[WANG Wenjie. Sedimentation and Sedimentary Facies of the Pearl River (Zhujiang River) Estuary. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1985,3(2):129-140.]
[21] Mcmanus J. Grain size determination and interpretation[C]//Techniques in Sedimentology. Oxford:Black-Well,1988:63-85.
[22] Shepard F P. Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay Relationship[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1954,24:151-158.
[23] 程致远,梁卓成,林瑞芬,等.云南滇池现代沉积物210Pb法的CF模式年龄研究[J].地球化学,1990,(4):327-332.[CHENG Zhiyuan, LIANG Zhuocheng, LIN Ruifen, et al. 210
Pb dating of modern sediment form Dian chi Lake, Yunnan Province:A case of CF model[J]. Geochemistry, 1990,(4):327-332.]
[24] 万国江. 137CS及210Pb方法湖泊沉积测年研究新进展[J].地球科学进展,1995,10(2):188-192.
[WAN Guojiang. Advances in the study on lacustrine sediment dating using 137Cs and 210Pb methods[J].Progress in Earth Sciences,1995,10(2):188-192.]
[25] 刘素美,张经.沉积物中重金属的归一化问题-以Al为例[J],东海海洋,1998,16(3):48-55.
[LIU Sumei,ZHANG Jing. normalization of heavy metals to aluminum in marine sediments[J]. Donghai Mar. Sci.,1998,16(3):48-55.]
[26] 田向平.珠江河口伶仃洋最大浑浊带研究[J],热带海洋,1986,5(2):27-35.
[TIAN Xiangping.A study on turbidity maximum in Lingdingyang Estuary of the Pearl River[J],Tropic Oceanology, 1986,5(2):27-35.]
[27] 刘沛然,黄先玉,任杰,等. 珠江口伶仃洋泥沙运动的沉积动力作用[J].台湾海峡,2000,19(3):304-309.
[LIU Peiran, HUANG Xianyu, Ren Jie et al.Silt movement of Lingdingyang Bay in Zhujiang Estuary and analysis of sedimentary dynamics[J]. Journal of Oceanography Taiwan Strait,2000,19(3):304-309.]
[28] 陆永军,贾良文,莫思平,等.珠江三角洲网河低水位变化[M],北京:中国水利水电出版社.17-27.[LU Yongjun, JIA Liangwen, MO Siping, et al. Changes of low water level in the channel network system of the pearl river delta[M], Beijing:China Water&Power Press. 2008,17-27.
]
[29] 赵一阳,鄢明才.中国浅海沉积物地球化学[M],北京:科学出版社.1994:1-10.[ZHAO Yiyang, NIAN Ming-cai. Geochemistry of Sediments of the China Shelf Sea[M],Beijing:Science Press,1994:1
-10.]
[30] 广东省海洋与与渔业局.广东省海洋环境质量公报,2002-2012.[Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province. Guangdong Provincial Marine Environment Quality Bulletin[R]. 2002-2012.]
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1503
- PDF下载数: 6
- 施引文献: 0
下载: