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摘要:
深水盆地沉积物的压实作用直接关系到沉积物本身的稳定性，沉积物压实不均衡可能引发严重的深水地质灾害，如海底滑坡、浅层气、浅水流等，同时对钻井工程也会造成严重影响，如出现井漏、井喷，甚至引发平台不稳定至坍塌。选取了南海深水盆地ODP184航次1144、1146、1148站位与IODP349航次U1431、U1432、U1433、U1435站位的测井数据进行分析，获得了南海深水盆地沉积物正常压实系数与沉积物组分、沉积速率、沉积物埋深等多个影响因素的关系，初步建立起南海深水盆地不同深度沉积物正常压实系数与初始孔隙度的变化规律。为今后研究南海深水盆地地质灾害，特别是超压地质灾害提供参考。
Abstract:The stability of sediments is closely related to sediment compaction in deepwater basins. Facts suggest that uneven compaction of sediments may trigger serious geodisasters in deepwater, such as submarine landslides, shallow gas and shallow water flow, which may bring about serious impacts on the security of the drilling operation by leakages, blowouts, platform instability and even collapse. We analyzed in this paper the well-logging data of the ODP Leg 184 Sites 1144, 1146, 1148 and the IODP Leg 349 Sites U1431, U1432, U1433, U1435, and found the relationships between the normal compaction and the sediments composition, sedimentation rates and burial depth etc. Taking the deepwater basin of the South China Sea as examples. Established upon the research are the primary relationship of the coefficients of normal compaction and mudline porosity with depth in deepwater basin of the South China Sea. The results could be used as a reference for geohazards researches, especially for the overpressured geohazards in deepwater.
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图 2 南海深水盆地ODP184航次1144、1146、1148站位与IODP349航次U1431、U1432、U1433、U1435站位孔隙度随深度(海底泥线以下)变化趋势图
Figure 2.
图 3 1144站位钻井沉积物正常压实层段(450 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(A)及正常压实层段(170 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(B)
Figure 3.
图 4 1148站位钻井深度100 m以上沉积物正常压实孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(A)及钻井沉积物正常压实层段(460 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(B)
Figure 4.
图 5 U1431站位钻井深度100 m以上沉积物正常压实孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(A)及沉积物正常压实层段(500 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(B)
Figure 5.
图 6 U1432站位钻井沉积物正常压实层段(120 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(A)及U1435站位钻井沉积物正常压实层段(300 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(B)
Figure 6.
图 7 U1433站位钻井深度100 m以上沉积物正常压实孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(A)及钻井沉积物正常压实层段(700 m)孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果(B)
Figure 7.
图 9 1144、1148、U1433站位各钻井深度上沉积物孔隙度与深度拟合的压实系数(红色圆点)与初始孔隙度(蓝色三角)随拟合深度(海底泥线以下)变化趋势
Figure 9.
表 1 各站位钻井沉积物正常压实层段孔隙度与深度(泥海底线以下)拟合结果
Table 1. Fitted results of porosity and depth (below the mudline) in normal compaction sediments at all Sites
站位 水深/m 拟合深度/m 压实系数 初始孔隙度 R2 1144 2 037 450 0.000 755 547 0.584 485 608 0.815 559 1146 2 092 170 0.002 213 826 0.674 115 233 0.912 179 1148 3 246 460 0.001 374 514 0.584 401 796 0.912 126 U1431 4 237 500 0.000 888 844 0.565 614 573 0.636 038 U1432 3 829 120 0.003 646 652 0.649 199 6 0.705 043 U1433 4 379 700 0.000 621 063 0.535 213 818 0.675 121 U1435 3 252 300 0.003 301 695 0.497 459 197 0.718 408 
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表 2 各站位钻井深度100 m以上沉积物正常压实孔隙度与深度(海底泥线以下)拟合结果
Table 2. Fitted results of porosity and depth (below the mudline) in 100 m drilling depth at all Sites
站位 水深/m 拟合深度/m 压实系数c 初始孔隙度ϕ0 R2 数据量 1144 2 037 100 0.002 175 931 0.635 431 987 0.871 93 73 1146 2 092 100 0.001 566 811 0.656 554 092 0.771 10 54 1148 3 246 100 0.003 514 827 0.667 174 148 0.919 59 53 U1431 4 237 100 0.002 630 228 0.639 528 484 0.480 00 71 U1432 3 829 100 0.003 993 244 0.656 653 229 0.677 15 57 U1433 4 379 100 0.002 860 513 0.625 794 137 0.542 06 57 U1435 3 252 100 0.009 452 971 0.775 503 404 0.552 29 21
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