ENVIRONMENTAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC RECORDS OF LATE LONGSHAN PERIOD AT THE WADIAN SITE
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摘要:
龙山晚期是中华文明酝酿形成的关键时期，位于颍河上游的瓦店遗址文化层较完整地记录了这一时期的环境特征和人类活动。文章测定了瓦店遗址龙山文化晚期遗址地层沉积物的粒度、常量元素、磁化率和木炭屑密度等环境指标；结果表明，龙山晚期的下段地层(约4.2~4.1 kaBP)的炭屑密度指标(M/F比值)处于高值区间、Cr/Cu值较低，Pb、Cu元素含量较高、粒度频率分布的细尾端为单峰曲线，表明该时期气候干旱但农业活动相对活跃，但地层沉积动力主要为洪积作用。龙山晚期的上段(约4.1~3.9 kaBP)Cr/Cu值较高，Pb、Cu含量下降，炭屑的M/F值走低，沉积物频率曲线的细粒端出现双峰现象，表明地层形成时期为湿润气候，沉积动力多元化，遗址地貌发生了变迁，人类活动的强度较早期有明显减弱。
Abstract:The late Longshan period is a critical time for establishment of Chinese civilization. The archaeological site of Wadian, situated by the upper Ying River in Yuzhou, is one of typical sites formed within this stage. And so the cultural layers contain relatively complete information on both paleo-environment and human activities. The authors measured grain sizes, metal element concentrations, magnetic susceptibility and charcoal density of the layered deposits at the Wadian site in order to construct the interaction between human and environment. Results show that both the M/F ratio of charcoal density and the concentrations of Pb and Cu are high, and the grain size distribution pattern is featured by a unimodal frequency curve at the fine end of the lower layer approximately 4.1-3.9kaBP, representing a dry climate and flourishing period of prehistoric farming. In the period from 4.1-3.9kaBP, Cr/Cu ratio goes up but M/F ratio, K, Ca, Cu contents drop down, indicating a wet climate and weak human activity. Some times, there are bimodal frequency curves, suggesting the contribution of eolian transportation.
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Key words:
- Wadian profile /
- the late Neolithic /
- paleo-environment /
- the Longshan Period
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