辽河口海岸带沉积物中<sup>137</sup>Cs的分布特征及来源

张克新; 潘少明; 刘志勇; 李国胜

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017090501

辽河口海岸带沉积物中¹³⁷Cs的分布特征及来源

1.
扬州大学环境科学与工程学院, 扬州 225127

2.
扬州红硕环境与生物工程研究有限公司, 扬州 225127

3.
南京大学地理与海洋科学学院海岸与海岛开发教育部重点实验室, 南京 210023

4.
苏州大学医学部医学与防护学院, 苏州 215123

5.
中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金项目“渤海钚(Pu)同位素的来源及其示踪应用研究”(41671466);江苏省自然科学基金项目“江苏海岸带多环境介质中Pu与¹³⁷Cs的迁移路径与示踪研究”(BK20171292)

详细信息

作者简介: 张克新(1980—), 男, 博士, 主要从事放射性核素的示踪应用和区域气候变化研究, E-mail:xbsdzkx2008@163.com

通讯作者: 李国胜(1963—), 男, 教授, 博士生导师, 主要从事海岸带生态与环境演变研究, E-mail:ligs@igsnrr.ac.cn

中图分类号: P736.4

周立君编辑

收稿日期: 2017-09-05

修回日期: 2018-03-19

刊出日期: 2019-02-28

Distribution pattern and source of ¹³⁷Cs in the sediment cores from the Liao River Estuary

1.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China

2.
Yangzhou Hongshuo Environmental and Biological Engineering Research Co. Ltd., Yangzhou 225127, China

3.
Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

4.
School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China

5.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LI Guosheng, ligs@igsnrr.ac.cn

Received Date: 05 September 2017

Revised Date: 19 March 2018

Publish Date: 28 February 2019

摘要

摘要:
选取辽河口海岸带沉积物作为研究对象, 通过测定沉积物中¹³⁷Cs比活度, 来分析沉积物中¹³⁷Cs比活度、蓄积总量的分布特征及影响因素, 并基于¹³⁷Cs的测年原理估算该区域的沉积速率。结果表明：辽河口海岸带表层沉积物中¹³⁷Cs比活度的变化范围为(1.03 ±1.01)~(15.68±1.13)Bq/kg, 平均值为5.09±0.34Bq/kg(n=17), 变化幅度较大; 在空间上呈现出由陆地向潮滩、由西向东逐渐降低的趋势。该区域沉积物柱样中¹³⁷Cs比活度的垂直分布主要呈现出单峰型、双峰型和不规则曲线的分布态势。采用¹³⁷Cs起始层位法与最大峰值法计算辽河口海岸带沉积物的沉积速率, 均发现辽河口海岸带沉积物的沉积速率呈现出从北到南(从陆地到海洋)逐渐增大的趋势。沉积物中¹³⁷Cs蓄积总量范围为(980±46)~(6094±92)Bq/m², 平均值为2278±42Bq/m², 高于研究区¹³⁷Cs的全球大气沉降通量值1310Bq/m²(衰变校正到2015年); 全球大气沉降的¹³⁷Cs约占该区域¹³⁷Cs蓄积总量约57.5%, 表明该区域沉积物中¹³⁷Cs的主要来源是全球大气直接沉降。
- ¹³⁷Cs活度浓度 /
- 沉积物 /
- 分布特征 /
- 沉积速率 /
- 辽河口
Abstract:
¹³⁷Cs activities are measured for the 17 sediment cores collected from the coastal zones of the Liao River in order to disclose the distribution patterns and geochemical behaviors of ¹³⁷Cs. It is found that ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations in the surface sediments vary in a significant spatial range from 1.03±1.01 to 15.68±1.13 mBq/g around an average of 6.727±0.251 mBq/g(1σ) attributing to the changes in vegetation types. Highest ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration (15.686±1.131 mBq/g) is observed in the sediment core of Z-9 where reeds predominate natural vegetation and human activity is rare. The vertical distribution pattern of ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations falls into three categories, one-peak curve, two-peak curve and irregular curve. For the two-peak curves of ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration, there is a sub-peak of ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration in the sediment profiles except the maximum of ¹³⁷Cs. As to the irregular curves of ¹³⁷Cs (LH-15, LH-18), the ¹³⁷Cs activity concentrations decreases from the sub-layer to the bottom and part of the surface sediment was missing, or for another possibility bottom sediment was putting on the surface layer by anthropogenic activities Sedimentation rates are calculated with the initial ¹³⁷Cs appearance value (1954) up to the maximum value (1963) of the sediment cores. The average value of sedimentation rates (0.48 to 1.63 cm/a) deduced from ¹³⁷Cs maximum value seem to be lower than the rates (0.51 to 1.77 cm/a) calculated from ¹³⁷Cs initial appearance. The ¹³⁷Cs inventories vary from 980±46 to 6094±92 Bq/m², with an average of 2278±42 Bq/m². Furthermore, the average ¹³⁷Cs inventories of the study are higher than the global fallout flux 1310 Bq/m² (¹³⁷Cs activity was decay corrected to 2015). This result clearly indicates that the ¹³⁷Cs atmospheric precipitation is the main source of ¹³⁷Cs in the region of Liao River Estuary.
- ¹³⁷Cs activity concentration /
- sedimentation rate /
- distribution characteristics /
- Liao River Estuary /

HTML全文

图 1 辽河口柱状样取样站位

Figure 1.

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图 2 辽河口海岸带表层沉积物中¹³⁷Cs比活度(a)及其空间分布(b)

Figure 2.

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图 3 辽河口海岸带沉积物柱样中¹³⁷Cs比活度的垂直分布

Figure 3.

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图 4 辽河口海岸带沉积物中¹³⁷Cs蓄积总量(a)及其空间分布趋势(b) (单位:Bq/m²)

Figure 4.

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表 1 辽河口海岸带采样点站位的基本信息

Table 1. The basic information of sampling sites in the Liao River Estuary

编号	采样位置	取样深度/cm	景观类型
Z-3	40.90°N, 121.72°E	0~40	翅碱蓬滩
Z-8	41.06°N, 121.67°E	0~40	水稻田
Z-9	40.99°N, 121.69°E	0~40	芦苇沼泽
LH-4	41.02°N, 121.68°E	0~45	芦苇沼泽
LH-7	40.92°N, 121.73°E	0~40	芦苇沼泽
LH-8	40.94°N, 121.71°E	0~40	芦苇沼泽
LH-10	40.96°N, 121.70°E	0~90	芦苇沼泽
LH-14	40.89°N, 121.61°E	0~40	獐茅/芦苇草甸
LH-15	40.96°N, 121.81°E	0~75	翅碱蓬
LH-18	41.03°N, 121.82°E	0~80	芦苇沼泽
*DP-1	41.04°N, 121.90°E	0~50	芦苇沼泽
*DP-2	40.95°N, 121.85°E	0~50	翅碱蓬滩
*DP-3	40.97°N, 121.93°E	0~45	翅碱蓬滩
*DP-4	40.91°N, 121.89°E	0~50	芦苇沼泽
*DP-5	40.85°N, 121.89°E	0~45	芦苇沼泽
*LT-1	40.86°N, 121.80°E	0~125	潮滩
*LT-2	40.82°N, 121.81°E	0~140	潮滩
注:*表示采样年份是2015年4月，其他采集于2012年10月。

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表 2 选用¹³⁷Cs的不同时标得到的沉积速率(单位:cm/a)

Table 2. The sedimentation rates derived from 1954 and 1963 marker horizons in the sediment cores

柱样名称	起始层位法 (1954—2012)	最大峰值法 (1963—2012)	柱样名称	起始层位法 (1954—2012)	最大峰值法 (1963—2012)
Z-3	0.59	0.5	DP-1^*	0.56	0.48
Z-8	0.51	0.5	DP-2^*	0.56	0.58
Z-9	0.51	0.5	DP-3^*	0.65	0.48
LH-4	0.68	0.6	DP-4^*	0.56	0.58
LH-7	0.64	0.55	DP-5^*	0.65	0.53
LH-8	0.59	0.6	LT-1^*	1.69	1.63
LH-10	1.19	0.65	LT-2^*	1.77	1.59
LH-14	0.68	0.7
注:*表示该柱样的采样时间是2015年。

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