Sedimentary evolution of the Zhongjian Reef in the South China Sea
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摘要:
新近纪以来，在南海海域陆架边缘、陆坡隆起和深海火山岩隆等构造背景上，发育了大量的生物礁滩沉积体。受沉积环境和基底的控制，不同地区的生物礁发育时间与沉积特征有所不同。中建礁位于西沙群岛西侧，与西沙群岛区生物礁不同，是在南海北部陆坡隆起背景上发育形成的孤立生物礁。在前人现代生物礁调查的基础上，首次对中建礁开展了船载重磁、二维地震和三维地震勘查，并采用地震层序地层和地震沉积学解释方法，对中建礁重力、磁力和地震资料进行了系统分析，在中建礁区识别出5个地震层序界面，明确了中建礁基底的岩性特征及形成时间；并通过对礁前斜坡扇的研究，认为中建礁经历了中中新世、晚中新世和上新世以来等3个发育阶段。
Abstract:A large number of reefs are developed on the continental shelves, slopes and basement highs of the deepwater basins in the South China Sea (SCS) since Neogene. The ages and depositional characteristics of the reefs vary from region to region and are mainly controlled by the depositional environments and basement movement. Compared with the Xisha Islands, the Zhongjian reef is an isolated reef developed on an uplift on the northern continental slope of the South China Sea. Based on the surveys of the modern reefs made by predecessors, a two-dimensional seismic survey and boat loading magnetic explorations have been carried out this time. Based on the analysis of seismic sequence stratigraphy, in addition to integrated interpretation of gravity, magnetic and seismic data for depositional environments, five seismic sequence boundaries are identified at the Zhongjian reef. The lithological characteristics and forming time of the Zhongjian reef basement are preliminarily defined. Through the studies of the fan deposits in front of the reef, it is found that the Zhongjian reef has undergone three stages of development in Miocene, Late Miocene and Pliocene respectively. Key words: basement characteristics; sedimentary characteristics; Zhongjian reef
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Key words:
- basement characteristics /
- sedimentary characteristics /
- Zhongjian reef
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表 1 中建礁基底及南海周边海山磁力异常特征对比
Table 1. Comparison of the magnetic anomalies of the basement between Zhongjian Reef and seamounts around the South China Sea
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表 2 中建礁的礁前扇沉积规模统计(据剖面AA’)
Table 2. Statistics of the fore reef fans of Zhongjian Islands(in section AA')
序号 发育时间 西北部礁前扇 南部礁前扇 延伸长度/km 沉积厚度/m 延伸长度/km 沉积厚度/m 1 中中新世 4.9 0~170 2.3 0~130 2 晚中新世 5.1 0~220 5.0 0~150
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