Modern geological processes in the Xisha Trough on the margin of acarbonate platform:Evidence from the geological observation by manned submersible
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摘要:
西沙海槽长期活跃于南海北部，记录了南海的深部演变过程，有特殊的地质研究意义。基于对西沙海槽的深潜实地考察，发现了槽底平原可分为小型谷、大型对称脊和顶平对称脊等次级地貌，可能是槽坡上较强的重力流和近东西向的槽底等深流共同作用的结果。此外，还发现一些成群分布的小型丘体，推测可能是超压气体释放喷口或者为生物栖居巢穴；西沙海槽生物类型相对单一，数量小，其生物生存条件较为苛刻，为海底中的“沙漠”。该区的泥质沉积中含有异常高压气体，其成因可能是沉积物快速堆积导致。
Abstract:The Xisha Trough in the northern part of the South China Sea has existed for a long time. Deepwater processes of the South China Sea are well recorded in the trough. Therefore, it has special implications for deepwater geology. According to the geological observation of the manned submersible, the bottom plain of the trough can be subdivided into several sub-order geomorphic units, such as small grooves, large symmetrical ridges and flat-top ridges, as the results of the joint action of episodic turbidity current and near east-west bottom flow. Some small sand dunes are also observed, which are interpreted as the nozzle of overpressure gas or living caves of small animals. In the Xisha Trough, biological diversity is low since the small number of species and the harsh living conditions. It could be called the "desert of seabed". Abnormal high pressure gas is found in the argillaceous sediments in this area, probably caused by high rate of sedimentation.
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