南海北部神狐海域水合物赋存层位古环境和古生产率

谢瑞; 邬黛黛; 孙甜甜; 杨飞; 杨睿; 刘丽华; 吴能友

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2018060702

南海北部神狐海域水合物赋存层位古环境和古生产率

1.
中国科学院天然气水合物重点实验室，中国科学院广州能源研究所，广州 510640

2.
中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院，广州510301

3.
中国科学院大学，北京 100049

4.
青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室，青岛 266071

5.
自然资源部天然气水合物重点实验室，中国地质调查局青岛海洋地质研究所，青岛 266071

基金项目:
中国科学院南海生态环境工程创新研究院创新发展基金“南海水合物成藏条件对比和甲烷渗漏预警研究”(ISEE2018YB03)；广东省促进经济发展专项资金(海洋经济发展用途)“南海天然气水合物高效开采与控制技术研究”(GDME-2018D002)；青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室开放基金“南海北部陆坡天然气水合物生成实验模拟与原位表征”(KC201703)；中国科学院青年创新促进会(2014321)

详细信息

作者简介: 谢瑞(1994—)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事海洋地质、地球化学研究，E-mail: xieruiedu@163.com

通讯作者: 邬黛黛(1981—)，女，博士，研究员，主要从事海洋地质、地球化学研究，E-mail：wudd@ms.giec.ac.cn

中图分类号: P736.22

蔡秋蓉编辑

收稿日期: 2018-06-07

修回日期: 2018-07-05

刊出日期: 2019-04-28

Paleo-environment and paleo-productivity of the hydrate reservoirs in the Shenhu area of northern South China Sea

1.
Key Laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

2.
Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China

3.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

4.
Evaluation and Detection Technology Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Sciences and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China

5.
Key laboratory of Gas Hydrate, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WU Daidai, wudd@ms.giec.ac.cn

Received Date: 07 June 2018

Revised Date: 05 July 2018

Publish Date: 28 April 2019

摘要

摘要:
天然气水合物作为一种新型的清洁能源，其形成需要稳定的有机质供应。南海北部神狐海域为天然气水合物成藏的有利区域，2017年中国地质调查局在神狐海域水合物试采获得突破性成功。为了进一步了解古环境和古生产率对形成水合物有机质供应的影响，对南海北部神狐海域水合物钻探区SH3站位180~215mbsf(meters below the sea floor)层位，尤其是水合物主要赋存层位190~200mbsf的古环境、古生产率以及陆源碎屑物质的地球化学指标进行分析研究。研究表明水合物主要赋存层位陆源碎屑物质(TDM)输入增加，较高的陆源碎屑物质输入和次氧化的沉积环境共同造就了比较好的有机质的外部保存条件；同时较强的水动力条件，有利于藻类生物的繁殖，因此，生物成因有机质比较丰富, 再加上神狐海域有比较良好的热解气的形成条件，这3个层面共同保证了神狐海域具有比较充足的有机质供应。
- 古环境 /
- 古生产率 /
- 神狐海域 /
- 天然气水合物
Abstract:
The accumulation of natural gas hydrate requires a stable supply of organic gas. The Shenhu area of the northern part of the South China Sea has been proved a favorable area for natural gas hydrates generation. In the year of 2017, the trial case of hydrate production made a breakthrough there. To further understand the influence of the paleo-environment and paleo- productivity onto organic preservation, this paper is specially devoted to the interval of 180-215 meters below the sea floor at the station of SH3, especially the horizon of 190-200mbsf of the main hydrate storage in the Shenhu area. Studies on the Paleo-environment, redox environment and terrigenous detrital material input suggests that the input of terrigenous detrital material (TDM) increase in the hydrate-bearing horizons and the suboxic depositional environments. The two factors jointly created a favorable external condition for storage and preservation of organic matters. At the same time, the stronger hydrodynamic conditions are conducive to the production of algae, and the biogenic organic gas is relatively abundant. Together with the better conditions for the formation of thermogenic gas, there are enough gas sources for the formation of gas hydrate deposits in the Shenhu area.
- paleo-productivity /
- paleo-environments /
- Shenhu area /
- gas hydrate

HTML全文

图 1 神狐海域钻探区分布图及SH3站位分布位置地形地质图(改编自文献[15])

Figure 1.

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图 2 P/Ti和Al/Ti的相关性及其与TOC的相关性

Figure 2.

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图 3 陆源碎屑物质以及古生产力地球化学指标相关性及深度变化趋势图

Figure 3.

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图 4 水合物层和非水合物层中元素的EF值分布图

Figure 4.

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图 5 Al/Ti和TiO₂的相关性以及Al、Ti之间的相关性

Figure 5.

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图 6 各元素含量、元素比值随深度的变化图

Figure 6.

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图 7 水合物赋存层位和非水水合物赋存层位稀土元素UCC标准化分布图

Figure 7.

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图 8 Zr/Rb随深度变化趋势图以及与TOC的相关性

Figure 8.

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图 9 U/Th、V/Cr、Ni/Co与TOC的相关性

Figure 9.

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图 10 氧化还原指标随深度变化趋势图

Figure 10.

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表 1 神狐海域钻探区水合物油气体系(SH2、SH3和SH7站位的地球化学数据据文献[3, 25])

Table 1. Characteristics of the gas-hydrate petroleum system in the Shenhu drilling area highlighting the distinct differences between the three sites

站位	水合物稳定条件	气体组成以及气体来源	气体运移体系
SH2	海底温度：4.84℃ 海底压力：12.46MPa 水深：1245m	CH₄：99.89%；δ¹³C₁：-56.7%，生物气为主导的混合气	气烟囱伴有很多微小的断层；低甲烷通量
SH3	海底温度: 5.53℃ 海底压力: 12.61MPa 地热梯度: 49.34℃/km	δ¹³C₁: -61.6%, 生物气为主导的混合气	气烟囱伴有很多微小的断层；低甲烷通量
SH7	海底温度: 6.44℃ 海底压力: 11.20MPa 地热梯度: 43.65℃/km	生物气为主导的混合气	微小断层；低甲烷通量

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表 2 主、微量元素随深度的分布

Table 2. Distribution of major and trace elements with depth

深度/mbsf	Al/%	Si/%	Ti/%	P/%	TOC/%	V/×10^-6	Cr/×10^-6	Ni/×10^-6	Th/×10^-6	U/×10^-6	Mo/×10^-6	Co/×10^-6
183.52	6.977	21.285	0.476	0.070	0.181	95.959	69.624	39.928	11.778	2.213	0.242	13.5
190.69	6.584	22.489	0.455	0.080	0.464	85.453	65.464	36.708	10.628	2.246	0.819	12.3
190.86	6.572	21.073	0.436	0.075	0.171	81.188	61.827	71.951	10.444	2.142	0.759	26.2
191.05	6.813	21.706	0.451	0.069	0.175	85.115	64.530	37.070	10.908	2.163	0.278	12.5
193.16	5.490	19.593	0.409	0.095	0.145	70.181	53.829	30.255	9.022	2.304	0.268	10.4
193.49	5.513	20.501	0.403	0.080	0.137	67.611	50.653	34.531	9.225	2.125	0.603	9.9
196.02	6.194	22.299	0.436	0.080	0.166	78.922	61.643	36.370	9.842	2.058	0.668	12.7
201.29	6.943	21.585	0.451	0.073	0.193	90.242	66.371	36.960	10.909	2.134	0.270	13.0
201.33	6.845	20.971	0.470	0.072	0.170	88.183	64.591	40.737	10.650	2.130	0.356	13.9
211.62	7.457	22.312	0.453	0.071	0.197	89.906	68.959	37.797	11.755	2.217	0.300	13.1
211.66	7.405	22.836	0.477	0.071	0.198	91.907	70.742	38.436	11.959	2.200	0.245	13.4
最小值	5.490	19.593	0.403	0.069	0.137	67.611	50.653	30.255	9.022	2.058	0.242	9.880
最大值	7.457	22.836	0.477	0.095	0.464	95.959	70.742	71.951	11.959	2.304	0.819	26.179
平均值	6.618	21.514	0.447	0.076	0.200	84.061	63.476	40.068	10.647	2.176	0.437	13.702

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表 3 氧化物指标及各元素比值

Table 3. Oxide indexes and ratios of elements

深度/mbsf	Al₂O₃ /%	TiO₂ /%	SiO₂/%	Al/Ti	P/Al	p/Ti	SiO₂/Al₂O₃	V/Cr	V/Ni	U/Th	U/Mo	Ni/Co
183.52	13.179	0.793	45.676	14.658	0.010	0.147	3.466	1.378	2.403	0.188	9.152	2.947
190.69	12.437	0.758	48.260	14.470	0.012	0.176	3.880	1.305	2.328	0.211	2.742	2.995
190.86	12.414	0.727	45.221	15.073	0.011	0.172	3.643	1.313	1.128	0.205	2.822	2.748
191.05	12.869	0.752	46.579	15.106	0.010	0.153	3.619	1.319	2.296	0.198	7.789	2.976
193.16	10.370	0.682	42.045	13.423	0.017	0.232	4.054	1.304	2.320	0.255	8.596	2.914
193.49	10.414	0.672	43.994	13.680	0.015	0.199	4.225	1.335	1.958	0.230	3.526	3.494
196.02	11.700	0.727	47.852	14.206	0.013	0.183	4.090	1.280	2.170	0.209	3.082	2.870
201.29	13.115	0.752	46.320	15.395	0.011	0.162	3.532	1.360	2.442	0.196	7.907	2.850
201.33	12.930	0.783	45.002	14.564	0.011	0.153	3.481	1.365	2.165	0.200	5.985	2.925
211.62	14.086	0.755	47.880	16.461	0.010	0.157	3.399	1.304	2.379	0.189	7.392	2.890
211.66	13.988	0.795	49.004	15.524	0.010	0.149	3.503	1.299	2.391	0.184	8.980	2.868
min	10.370	0.672	42.045	13.423	0.010	0.147	3.399	1.280	1.128	0.184	2.742	2.748
max	14.086	0.795	49.004	16.461	0.017	0.232	4.225	1.378	2.442	0.255	9.152	3.495
ave	12.500	0.745	46.167	14.778	0.012	0.171	3.717	1.324	2.180	0.206	6.179	2.953

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南海北部神狐海域水合物赋存层位古环境和古生产率

作者简介: 谢瑞(1994—)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事海洋地质、地球化学研究，E-mail: xieruiedu@163.com

通讯作者: 邬黛黛(1981—)，女，博士，研究员，主要从事海洋地质、地球化学研究，E-mail：wudd@ms.giec.ac.cn

蔡秋蓉编辑

Paleo-environment and paleo-productivity of the hydrate reservoirs in the Shenhu area of northern South China Sea

Corresponding author: WU Daidai, wudd@ms.giec.ac.cn

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