Radiolarian assemblages and their distribution characteristics in surface sediments of Prydz Bay
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摘要:
对普里兹湾16个表层沉积物样品中的放射虫动物群进行了全属种鉴定和分析，共检出放射虫2目66属107种，其中罩笼虫目40属71种，泡沫虫目26属36种，前者的属种多样性和个体数量都显著高于后者。研究结果显示：普里兹湾放射虫多样性程度较低，但丰度较高，平均可达3.36万枚/g，呈现出陆架区>湾口区>冰架前缘的趋势，且湾西部高于东部，可能主要受研究区表层生产力、环流结构、沉积物类型和冷水团分布等海洋环境要素的影响。以Antarctissa strelkovi、Antarctissa denticulata为代表的Antarctissa group是该区最典型的优势种组合，平均百分含量高达42.43%，其分布主要受控于水体温度，其高含量具有指示冷水团分布的潜力，而该组合丰度的分布主要受环流和地形的影响; 由Phormacantha hystrix、Plectacantha oikiskos和Rhizoplegma boreale组成的特征种组合平均百分含量为12.54%，其丰度和含量的分布模式主要表征的是与环流结构有关的水团混合作用的强弱，对水深或离岸距离的指示作用并不明显。
Abstract:Radiolarian faunas from 16 surface sediment samples of Prydz Bay are studied by the authors. A total of 2 orders, 66 genera and 107 species are identified, which consists of 71 Nasseillaria species (40 genera) and 36 Spumellaria species (26 genera), of which the former is obviously higher in genus-species diversity and quantity of individuals. Radiolarians in the surface sediments of Prydz Bay are low in diversity but high in abundance, which may reach 3.36×104ind/g (dry sample)on average. The distribution of abundance is in a descending order from the shelf zone, to the mouth of bay and to the front of ice shelf in general, and higher in the west but lower in the east, affected by such environmental factors as surface biological productivity, circulation pattern, sediment type and distribution of cold water mass. The Antarctissa group, mainly composed of Antarctissa strelkovi and Antarctissa denticulata, is the dominating assemblage in Prydz Bay, which may be as high as 42.43% on average depending upon water temperature.Therefore, the high percentage of this assemblage could be used as an indicator of cold water mass. The abundance of the assemblage is also affected by water circulation and subsurface topography. The typical assemblage, which is composed of Phormacantha hystrix, Plectacantha oikiskos and Rhizoplegma boreale, occupies 12.54% in samples. Its distribution pattern of abundance is an indicator to the mixing degree of water mass of concerned circulating currents, but not water depth or the distance to the coast in the bay.
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Key words:
- surface sediment /
- radiolarian /
- dominant assemblage /
- characteristic assemblage /
- Prydz Bay
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表 1 普里兹湾表层样的站位位置及水深
Table 1. Location and water depth of sampling sites in Prydz Bay
航次 站位 位置 水深/m 环境分区 18 IV-10 67.49°S，73.00°E 587 陆架区 18 IV-08 66.85°S，72.99°E 510 湾口区 21 Ⅲ-13 68.00°S，73.12°E 658 陆架区 21 IS-04 68.90°S，74.08°E 678 冰架前缘 24 IS-02 69.27°S，74.98°E 870 冰架前缘 24 P3-14 67.99°S，72.85°E 647 陆架区 24 P4-11 67.96°S，75.38°E 491 陆架区 24 P4-12 68.47°S，75.32°E 640 陆架区 25 IS-A 68.37°S，72.49°E 828 冰架前缘 27 IS-01 69.20°S，75.31°E 730 冰架前缘 27 IS-06 68.59°S，73.94°E 717 冰架前缘 27 IS-12 68.42°S，72.95°E 748 冰架前缘 27 P3-15 67.49°S，72.94°E 575 陆架区 27 P4-09 67.53°S，75.47°E 421 陆架区 29 M3-old 67.18°S，73.24°E 527 湾口区 29 P6-10 68.00°S，75.57°E 594 陆架区 
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表 2 普里兹湾表层沉积物中主要放射虫属种百分含量的最大、最小和平均值
Table 2. Maximum, minimum and average percentages of radiolarian species in surface sediments of Prydz Bay
属种名称 最大值/% 最小值/% 平均值/% Antarctissa strelkovi 27.65 13.13 18.86 Antarctissa denticulata 22.32 7.06 14.99 Phormacantha hystrix 9.60 2.53 5.80 Plectacantha oikiskos 10.45 0.00 5.72 Lithomelissa setosa 6.88 2.25 4.42 Antarctissa cylindrica 6.75 1.21 4.07 Arachnocorallium calvata 6.11 1.08 3.80 Eucecryphalus sp. 4.69 0.54 3.22 Antarctissa sp. 6.34 0.85 3.11 Lithomelissa hystrix 4.46 0.63 2.64 Corythospyris sp. 6.02 0.00 2.27 Lithomelissa sp. 3.32 0.32 2.19 Clathrospyris sandellae 3.95 0.96 2.16 Plectacantha sp. 4.26 0.00 2.08 Lithomelissa laticeps 3.92 0.33 1.63 Antarctissa denticulate var. cylindrica 3.57 0.00 1.39 Acrosphaera？labrata 3.41 0.00 1.37 Clathrospyris vogti 3.57 0.27 1.22 Plectacantha group 3.32 0.00 1.06
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