Characteristics and controlling factors of marine source rocks in the basins on the two sides of South Atlantic
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摘要:
南大西洋两岸盆地漂移期层系油气资源十分丰富，通过对两岸重点盆地漂移期主力烃源岩发育层位、生烃潜力、识别特征和分布范围对比分析，明确两岸发育早、晚两套主力海相烃源岩。其中，晚期的赛诺曼—土仑阶海相烃源岩分布范围较广。整体上，两岸北段和赤道段盆地漂移期主力烃源岩地化指标优于中段和南段盆地，西非一侧海域盆地烃源岩地化指标优于南美一侧盆地。在对重点钻井的矿物元素化验分析、沉积相和古地理分析基础之上，总结了局限海湾的古地理背景和沉积相带类型控制优质海相烃源岩发育程度和分布范围的规律，并进一步指出南大西洋两岸北段和赤道段盆地漂移期成熟生烃灶平面分布范围内的深水沉积砂体是主要有利勘探方向，以找油为主，中段含盐盆地内紧邻盐微盆的漂移期深水沉积砂体勘探潜力次之。
Abstract:Oil and gas resources are rich in drifting stages in the basins on both sides of South Atlantic. Comparative researches on main marine source rocks, including hydrocarbon generation potential, seismic facies and distribution patterns suggest that there are 2 sets of main source rocks, of which the upper is more widely distributed. In a general perspective, the geochemical indexes of main source rocks in the north and Equatorial South Atlantic basins are better than those in the central basins, while the source rocks in South American basins are also better than those in West African basins. Study of typical well data, sedimentary facies and paleogeography of main marine source rocks suggest that high-quality marine source rocks are mainly distributed in confined bays and related sedimentary facies. The first priority of exploration targets should be the deep-water deposited sandstones intercalated in the matured marine source rocks. The sandstones deposited in the drifting stages close to the salt mini-basin are also recommended.
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Key words:
- source rock /
- generation potential /
- hydrocarbon exploration /
- drift sequence /
- South Atlantic
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表 1 南大西洋两岸重点盆地漂移期主力烃源岩分布层位对比
Table 1. Correlation of source rocks in basins on the two sides of South Atlantic
地区 盆地名称 年代 TOC/% S1+S2/(mg/g) HI/(mg/g) 有机质类型 桑托斯 赛诺曼—土仑阶 0.6~1.8 1~10 普遍小于400 Ⅱ2—Ⅲ 坎波斯 赛诺曼—土仑阶 0.6~2 0.5~6 普遍小于250 Ⅱ2—Ⅲ 南美一侧 埃斯皮里图桑托 赛诺曼—土仑阶 1~3 1~40 160~400 Ⅱ2—Ⅲ 塞尔西培 阿尔布阶 3~7 10~20 500 Ⅱ型为主 圭亚那苏里南 赛诺曼—土仑阶 1.9~6 —— 400~800 Ⅱ1 西南非 巴列姆-阿普特 普遍小于3.8 0.4~16.6 普遍小于400 Ⅱ—Ⅲ 下刚果 晚白垩 2~4 5~25 270~540 Ⅱ1 西非一侧 科特迪瓦 赛诺曼—土仑阶 3.6~7 —— 409~780 Ⅱ2—Ⅲ 利比里亚—塞拉利昂 赛诺曼—土仑阶 2.2~3.8 8.9~14.4 336~424 Ⅱ1 毛塞几比 赛诺曼—土仑阶 3~8.72 372~996 Ⅱ1 
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