晚全新世淇澳岛红树林有孔虫记录与古环境意义

陈慧娴; 王建华; 董玮琛; 黄康有; 张恺; 陈子豪

doi:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2019031502

晚全新世淇澳岛红树林有孔虫记录与古环境意义

1.
中山大学地球科学与工程学院，广州 510275

2.
南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室，珠海 519000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金“现代珠江水下三角洲动力沉积过程与沉积体系发育机制”（41276079）；中山大学大学生创新训练计划项目“珠海市淇澳岛红树林地区有孔虫组合特征与海平面高度关系的研究”

详细信息

作者简介: 陈慧娴（1990—），女，博士研究生，主要从事第四纪地质学研究，E-mail：chenhx8@mail2.sysu.edu.cn

通讯作者: 王建华（1957—），男，教授，博士，主要从事海岸带第四纪沉积学与古环境演变研究，E-mail：adswjh@mail.sysu.edu.cn

中图分类号: P736.2

收稿日期: 2019-03-15

修回日期: 2020-03-13

刊出日期: 2020-06-25

Late Holocene foraminiferal record from mangrove reserve, Qi’ao Island, Pearl River Estuary and its implications for paleoenvironment

1.
School of Earth Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sun University, Guangzhou 510275, China

2.
South Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory, Zhuhai 519000, China

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Jianhua, adswjh@mail.sysu.edu.cn

Received Date: 15 March 2019

Revised Date: 13 March 2020

Publish Date: 25 June 2020

摘要

摘要:
潮间带有孔虫近年来被广泛地用于高精度古海平面等环境变化的研究中，但是在华南沿海此类研究少见。本文选取珠江口淇澳岛红树林潮间带上部长度为300 cm的QA钻孔进行了AMS¹⁴C测年，有孔虫、沉积物粒径、灰度分析，初步探究了研究区有孔虫作为高精度海平面指标的可能性及其所反映的古环境意义。研究结果显示钻孔包含两种有孔虫组合，一种是钙质有壳组合，常见属种为Ammonia becсarii（78.7%），Proelphidium granosum（6.6%）和Elphidiella kiangsuensis（5.6%），沉积底质为黏土质粉砂，对应沉积环境为河口潮下带；另一种是胶结壳组合，常见属种为Arenoparella mexicana（50.6%）、Miliammina fusca（17.5%）、Trochammia sp.（6.8%），沉积底质为砂质粉砂，含丰富植物碎屑，对应沉积环境为潮间带中上部红树林潮滩。结合AMS¹⁴C结果，QA钻孔记录了约4 200年以来的沉积，研究区初始为河口浅滩，由于三角洲进积作用浅滩淤积至海平面以上，约2 400年前研究区形成红树林中高潮滩。红树林沉积层中夹有两层粒度较细的钙质壳有孔虫沉积，推测可能由区域性次一级的海平面上升导致。灰度值反映了红树林沉积层中3个有机质含量较高的阶段，指示了温暖潮湿的气候，年代大约为3 000～2 700 cal. aBP, 1 200～1 100 cal. aBP, 600～500 cal. aBP，与海平面上升阶段较为接近。
- 红树林 /
- 潮间带有孔虫 /
- 相对海平面变化 /
- 古气候 /
- 淇澳岛
Abstract:
Intertidal foraminifera has been widely used in paleoenvironmental reconstruction, and especially, in researches on high-resolution relative sea-level fluctuation. Unfortunately, such researches are lacking in the South China coast. This time, a long core up to 300 cm in length was retrieved from the upper intertidal zone of the mangrove on the Qi’ao Island of the Pearl River estuary. AMS¹⁴C dating, foraminifera, grain size distribution and grayscale analysis were employed to ascertain the possibility to apply the mangrove foraminifera as a high-resolution proxy for sea level fluctuation and paleoenvironmental evolution. Two foraminiferal assemblages were acquired from the core QA, a calcareous group dominated by Ammonia becсarii (78.7%), with common species Proelphidium granosum (6.6%) and Elphidiella kiangsuensis (5.6%), from a clayey slit sediment, indicating an estuarine subtidal environment; and an agglutinated assemblage dominated by Arenoparella mexicana (50.6%) with common species Miliammina fusca (17.5%), Trochammia sp. (6.8%), from a layer of sandy silt deposits with abundant plants debris and residues, indicating an upper or middle mangrove intertidal environment. AMS¹⁴C dates suggest that, the sediments formed approximately 4 200 cal. aBP, when the study area was a subtidal or mudflats environments. It turned to a middle-high mangrove at ～2 400 cal. aBP, resulted from the falling of relative sea-level caused by deltaic progradation. Two fine grained layers were intercalated in mangrove sediments, which contain calcareous foraminiferal tests corresponding to 1 022 ～ 729 cal. aBP and 508 ～ 358 cal. aBP respectively, probably related to a sub-regional sea-level rise. The grayscale suggests three phases of high humification, corresponding to ～3 000～2 700 cal. aBP, 1 200～1 100 cal. aBP, 600～500 cal. aBP respectively, indicating a warm and humid climate, which are close to the sea-level rise periods.
- mangrove /
- intertidal foraminifera /
- relative sea-level changes /
- paleoenviroment /
- the Qi’ao Island

HTML全文

图 1 珠江口伶仃洋（a）以及淇澳岛钻孔位置（卫星图）（b）示意图

Figure 1.

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图 2 钻孔岩性照片及深度标尺

Figure 2.

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图 3 钻孔QA岩性、沉积物组分、灰度值、中值粒径随深度的变化曲线（灰色阴影表示3个深色泥炭层的位置）

Figure 3.

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图 4 钻孔QA年代-深度模型（Bacon）^[31]

Figure 4.

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图 5 有孔虫扫描电镜照片（比例尺=100 μm）

Figure 5.

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图 6 钻孔QA有孔虫丰度，分异度变化，各属种所占百分比及有序聚类结果（所用软件为Tilia 2.0^[32]）

Figure 6.

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图 7 淇澳岛红树林潮滩环境对应潮汐高程及古环境演变示意图（据QA孔）

Figure 7.

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表 1 钻孔QA沉积物AMS¹⁴C测年结果

Table 1. AMS¹⁴C radiocarbon dates from sediment of core QA

样品编号	实验室编号	深度 /cm	测年材料	δ¹³C /‰	¹⁴C年龄/a	校正年龄2σ /cal. aBP
QA-C1	Poz#2-78133	140	贝壳	–10.2	1 124±28	1 024±64
QA-C3	Poz-78599	195	有机质泥	–26.7	2 868±30	2 996±80
QA-C2	Poz-78598	295	有机质泥	–23.6	3 779±32	3 887±165

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