Exploration potential of marginal sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin: An example from the Xijiang 36 Sag
-
摘要:
近几年的研究与勘探实践表明，部分边缘洼陷同样具备较好的油气成藏条件与勘探潜力。南海北部珠江口盆地发育大量低勘探程度的边缘洼陷，系统梳理这些洼陷的结构、构造演化和成藏条件具有重要实践意义。本文以珠江口盆地边缘洼陷西江36洼为例，基于重处理三维地震、测井和地球化学等资料，开展洼陷结构演化研究、原型盆地恢复、地震相对比和油气运移分析，系统梳理了西江36洼的洼陷结构、烃源潜力和成藏特征。研究表明：① 西江36洼受NE向断层控制，为“南断北超”的箕状断陷湖盆；② 西江36洼发育一定规模的中深湖相烃源岩且已经成熟，具备较好烃源条件；③ 受区域泥岩盖层和油源断层断距的影响，西江36洼具有深层古近系近源成藏的特征，宜围绕古近系构造、地层和岩性圈闭勘探。该研究认识有助于推动西江36洼的勘探进程，并为其他边缘洼陷的油气勘探提供借鉴。
Abstract:Research and exploration in recent years show that some marginal sags also hold good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential. The Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea, have many marginal sags in low exploration degree, and it is of great significance to systematically sort out the structure, tectonic evolution, and accumulation conditions of these marginal sags. Taking the Xijiang 36 Sag as an example, we analyzed the tectonic evolution, prototype basin restoration, seismic facies comparison, and oil and gas migration using 3D seismic, well logging, and geochemistry data, based on which the structure, hydrocarbon source potential, and accumulation characteristics of the Xijiang 36 Sag were systematically researched. Results show that (1) Xijiang 36 Sag was a half-graben rift lake basin controlled by an NE-striking fault in the south and structural overlapping in the north; (2) Xijiang 36 Sag holds a certain scale of medium-deep lacustrine facies source rock, and is mature with good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions; (3) affected by the regional mudstone caprock and the fault throw of the source fault, Xijiang 36 Sag was characterized by deep Paleogene near-source accumulation. Therefore, we suggest the Paleogene structure, stratigraphy, and lithologic trap are the main target for further exploration. This research helps to promote the exploration process of the Xijiang 36 Sag and provides a reference for oil and gas exploration in other marginal sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin.
-
Key words:
- marginal sag /
- sag structure /
- tectonic prototype /
- seismic facies /
- source rock /
- exploration potential
-
-
[1] 张树林, 费琪, 叶加仁. 断陷盆地边缘凹陷类型及其成因[J]. 石油实验地质, 2007, 29(1):47-51,56 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2007.01.008
ZHANG Shulin, FEI Qi, YE Jiaren. Types and structural characteristics of brink sags in faulted basin [J]. Petroleum Geology and Experiment, 2007, 29(1): 47-51,56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6112.2007.01.008
[2] 王航, 杨海风, 黄振, 等. 走滑强控型盆缘洼陷控洼机制及主烃灶预测: 以渤海盆地庙西南洼为例[J]. 成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 48(1):53-62
WANG Hang, YANG Haifeng, HUANG Zhen et al. The depression-controlled mechanism and prediction of hydrocarbon kitchen in the strike slip fault-controlled marginal sag: A case study of the Miaoxi sag, Bohai Basin, China [J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science & Technology Edition), 2021, 48(1): 53-62.
[3] 张宏国, 官大勇, 宿雯, 等. 庙西凹陷中南洼烃源岩评价及其勘探启示[J]. 海洋石油, 2015, 35(1):52-57 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2015.01.052
ZHANG Hongguo, GUAN Dayong, SU Wen et al. Evaluation on source rocks in Miaoxi middle-southern sag and its aspiration to exploration [J]. Offshore Oil, 2015, 35(1): 52-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1008-2336.2015.01.052
[4] 薛永安. 渤海海域油气运移“汇聚脊”模式及其对新近系油气成藏的控制[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(9):963-970,1005 doi: 10.7623/syxb201809001
XUE Yong’an. The “catchment ridge” model of hydrocarbon migration in Bohai Sea and its control on Neogene hydrocarbon accumulation [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(9): 963-970,1005. doi: 10.7623/syxb201809001
[5] 薛永安, 杨海风, 徐长贵. 渤海海域黄河口凹陷斜坡带差异控藏作用及油气富集规律[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2016, 21(4):65-74 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2016.04.007
XUE Yong’an, YANG Haifeng, XU Changgui. Differential reservoir-controlling effect and hydrocarbon enrichment of slope zone in Huanghekou sag, Bohai Bay Basin [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2016, 21(4): 65-74. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2016.04.007
[6] 吴静, 朱定伟, 赵鹏, 等. 断裂复合汇聚脊对新近系油气远距离富集的控制作用: 以珠江口盆地阳江东凹与恩平凹陷为例[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):131-139
WU Jing, ZHU Dingwei, ZHAO Peng et al. Controls of faulted composite accumulation ridge on the long distance migration and accumulation of Neogene hydrocarbon: a case study of the eastern Yangjiang sag and the Enping sag in the Pearl River Mouth basin [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 131-139.
[7] 彭光荣, 张向涛, 许新明, 等. 南海北部珠江口盆地阳江凹陷油气勘探重要发现与认识[J]. 中国石油勘探, 2019, 24(3):267-279 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.03.001
PENG Guangrong, ZHANG Xiangtao, XU Xinming et al. Important discoveries and understandings of oil and gas exploration in Yangjiang sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea [J]. China Petroleum Exploration, 2019, 24(3): 267-279. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2019.03.001
[8] 彭光荣, 朱定伟, 吴静, 等. 珠江口盆地阳江凹陷油气重大发现与成藏启示[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):179-187
PENG Guangrong, ZHU Dingwei, WU Jing et al. Discoveries of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Yangjiang Sag of the Pearl River mouth basin and implications [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 179-187.
[9] 梁卫, 彭光荣, 朱定伟, 等. 珠江口盆地阳江东凹古近系构造特征与勘探潜力[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):168-178
LIANG Wei, PENG Guangrong, ZHU Dingwei et al. Paleogene structures and exploration potential in the eastern Yangjiang Sag, Pearl River Mouth basin [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 168-178.
[10] 汪晓萌, 彭光荣, 吴静, 等. 珠江口盆地恩平21洼文昌组沉积期原型盆地及其对优质烃源岩的控制[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):158-167
WANG Xiaomeng, PENG Guangrong, WU Jing et al. Prototype basin and its control on high-quality source rocks during the depositional period of Wenchang formation in Enping 21 Sub-sag, Pearl River Mouth basin [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 158-167.
[11] 林鹤鸣, 刘培, 汪旭东, 等. 珠一坳陷始新世文昌组沉积期构造转换对源-汇体系的控制[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):188-200
LIN Heming, LIU Pei, WANG Xudong et al. Influences of structural transformation on source-to-sink system during the depositional period of Wenchang formation of Eocene in the Zhu I depression [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 188-200.
[12] 施和生, 舒誉, 杜家元, 等. 珠江口盆地古近系石油地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2017.
SHI Hesheng, SHU Yu, DU Jiayuan et al. Paleogene Petroleum Geology of the Pearl River Mouth Basin[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2017.
[13] 施和生, 杜家元, 梅廉夫, 等. 珠江口盆地惠州运动及其意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2020, 47(3):447-461 doi: 10.11698/PED.2020.03.02
SHI Hesheng, DU Jiayuan, MEI Lianfu et al. Huizhou movement and its significance in Pearl River Mouth basin, China [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2020, 47(3): 447-461. doi: 10.11698/PED.2020.03.02
[14] 吴宇翔, 柳保军, 丁琳, 等. 珠江口盆地西江凹陷南部文昌组层序地层及沉积体系研究[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2022, 42(1):146-158
WU Yuxiang, LIU Baojun, DING Lin et al. Study on sequence stratigraphy and sedimentary systems of the Wenchang Formation in the southern Xijiang depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology, 2022, 42(1): 146-158.
[15] 栗杰. 西江凹陷文昌组—恩平组烃源岩生烃潜力定量分析[D]. 中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位论文, 2020.
LI Jie. The characteristics of Cenozoic fault system in the eastern Bonan and its control on sedimentation[D]. Master Dissertation of China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2020.
[16] 程园. 陆相湖盆“源—汇”系统敏感参数半定量预测模型研究[D]. 中国地质大学硕士学位论文, 2018.
CHENG Yuan. Study on semi-quantitative prediction model on sensitive parameters of Source to “Sink” system in continental basin[D]. Master Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2018.
[17] 郭刚, 吴景富, 吴克强, 等. 珠江口盆地隆起区残留洼陷地质特征与石油勘探新领域[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(S2):39-47 doi: 10.7623/syxb2013S2005
GUO Gang, WU Jingfu, WU Keqiang et al. Geological characteristics of residual sags and a new field of petroleum exploration in the uplift area of Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2013, 34(S2): 39-47. doi: 10.7623/syxb2013S2005
[18] 邓棚. 南海北部陆缘古近纪多幕裂陷作用属性及转换: 以珠江口盆地珠一坳陷为例[D]. 中国地质大学博士学位论文, 2018.
DENG Peng. The nature and tectonic transition of the multiphase rifting in the northern margin of the South China Sea: based on the study of the Zhu Ⅰ Depression in Pearl River mouth basin [D]. Doctor Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2018.
[19] 曾智伟. 南海北部珠江口盆地古近纪源-汇系统耦合研究[D]. 中国地质大学博士学位论文, 2020.
ZENG Zhiwei. Source-to-sink (S2S) system Analysis of the Paleogene in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, Northern South China Sea [D]. Doctor Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2020.
[20] 漆家福, 吴景富, 马兵山, 等. 南海北部珠江口盆地中段伸展构造模型及其动力学[J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26(2):203-221
QI Jiafu, WU Jingfu, MA Bingshan et al. The structural model and dynamics concerning middle section, Pearl River Mouth Basin in north margin of South China Sea [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2019, 26(2): 203-221.
[21] 赵中贤, 周蒂, 廖杰. 珠江口盆地第三纪古地理及沉积演化[J]. 热带海洋学报, 2009, 28(6):52-60 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2009.06.007
ZHAO Zhongxian, ZHOU Di, LIAO Jie. Tertiary paleogeography and depositional evolution in the Pearl River Mouth Basin of the northern South China Sea [J]. Journal of Tropical Oceanography, 2009, 28(6): 52-60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-5470.2009.06.007
[22] Ye Q, Mei L F, Shi H S et al. A low-angle normal fault and basement structures within the Enping Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin: Insights into late Mesozoic to early Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Sea area [J]. Tectonophysics, 2018, 731-732: 1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2018.03.003
[23] Ye Q, Mei L F, Shi H S et al. The late cretaceous tectonic evolution of the South China Sea area: An overview, and new perspectives from 3D seismic reflection data [J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2018, 187: 186-204. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.09.013
[24] 任建业, 庞雄, 雷超, 等. 被动陆缘洋陆转换带和岩石圈伸展破裂过程分析及其对南海陆缘深水盆地研究的启示[J]. 地学前缘, 2015, 22(1):102-114
REN Jianye, PANG Xiong, LEI Chao et al. Ocean and continent transition in passive continental margins and analysis of lithospheric extension and breakup process: Implication for research of the deepwater basins in the continental margins of South China Sea [J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2015, 22(1): 102-114.
[25] 郭伟, 徐国强, 陈兆明, 等. 珠江口盆地白云主洼古近系文昌组沉积充填特征及演化[J]. 古地理学报, 2022, 24(1):112-128 doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2022.01.009
GUO Wei, XU Guoqiang, CHEN Zhaoming et al. Sedimentary filling characteristics and evolution of the Paleogene Wenchang Formation in Baiyun Main Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Journal of Palaeogeography, 2022, 24(1): 112-128. doi: 10.7605/gdlxb.2022.01.009
[26] 郭小文, 何生, 石万忠. 珠江口盆地番禺低隆起轻质原油芳烃地球化学特征[J]. 石油学报, 2008, 29(1):52-57 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2008.01.009
GUO Xiaowen, HE Sheng, SHI Wanzhong. Aromatic geochemistry characteristics of light oils from Panyu Lower uplift in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2008, 29(1): 52-57. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2697.2008.01.009
[27] 庞雄, 陈长民, 彭大钧, 等. 南海珠江深水扇系统及油气[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2007.
PANG Xiong, CHEN Changmin, PENG Dajun et al. The Pearl River Deep-Water Fan System & Petroleum in South China Sea[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2007.
[28] 施和生, 于水明, 梅廉夫, 等. 珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近纪幕式裂陷特征[J]. 天然气工业, 2009, 29(1):35-37,40 doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2009.01.008
SHI Hesheng, YU Shuiming, MEI Lianfu et al. Features of paleogene episodic rifting in Huizhou fault depression in the Pearl River Mouth basin [J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2009, 29(1): 35-37,40. doi: 10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2009.01.008
[29] 王维, 叶加仁, 杨香华, 等. 珠江口盆地惠州凹陷古近纪多幕裂陷旋回的沉积物源响应[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2015, 40(6):1061-1071 doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.088
WANG Wei, YE Jiaren, ZHANG Xianghua et al. Advances of the source-to-sink units and coupling model research in continental basin [J]. Earth Science—Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2015, 40(6): 1061-1071. doi: 10.3799/dqkx.2015.088
[30] 朱红涛, 徐长贵, 朱筱敏, 等. 陆相盆地源—汇系统要素耦合研究进展[J]. 地球科学, 2017, 42(11):1851-1870
ZHU Hongtao, XU Changgui, ZHU Xiaomin et al. Research progress on coupling of source-sink system elements in continental basins [J]. Earth Science, 2017, 42(11): 1851-1870.
[31] 叶青. 南海北部陆缘晚中生代构造体系: 动力学以及对珠江口盆地新生代构造的制约[D]. 中国地质大学博士学位论文, 2019
YE Qing. The Late Mesozoic structure systems in the northern South China Sea margin Geodynamics and their influence on the Cenozoic structures in the Pearl River Mouth Basin[D]. Doctor Dissertation of China University of Geosciences, 2019.
[32] Tvedt A B M, Rotevatn A, Jackson C A L et al. Growth of normal faults in multilayer sequences: A 3D seismic case study from the Egersund Basin, Norwegian North Sea [J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2013, 55: 1-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2013.08.002
[33] 付晓飞, 孙兵, 王海学, 等. 断层分段生长定量表征及在油气成藏研究中的应用[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2015, 44(2):271-281
FU Xiaofei, SUN Bing, WANG Haixue et al. Fault segmentation growth quantitative characterization and its application on sag hydrocarbon accumulation research [J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2015, 44(2): 271-281.
[34] 庞雄, 郑金云, 梅廉夫, 等. 先存俯冲陆缘背景下南海北部陆缘断陷特征及成因[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(5):1069-1080 doi: 10.11698/PED.2021.05.19
PANG Xiong, ZHENG Jinyun, MEI Lianfu et al. Characteristics and origin of continental marginal fault depressions under the background of preexisting subduction continental margin, northern South China Sea, China [J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, 48(5): 1069-1080. doi: 10.11698/PED.2021.05.19
[35] 李坤, 赵锡奎, 沈忠民, 等. “趋势厚度法”在塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起地层剥蚀量恢复中的应用[J]. 物探化探计算技术, 2007, 29(5):415-419,369 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1749.2007.05.010
LI Kun, ZHAO Xikui, SHEN Zhongmin et al. Application of trend thickness method in denudation recovery in the Akekule lobe of Tarim Basin [J]. Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, 2007, 29(5): 415-419,369. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-1749.2007.05.010
[36] 王毅, 金之钧. 沉积盆地中恢复地层剥蚀量的新方法[J]. 地球科学进展, 1999, 14(5):482-486 doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.1999.05.010
WANG Yi, JIN Zhijun. Progress of the methods on the recovery of the thickness of eroded strata in basin [J]. Advance in Earth Sciences, 1999, 14(5): 482-486. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1001-8166.1999.05.010
[37] 梁全胜, 刘震, 何小胡, 等. 根据地震资料恢复勘探新区地层剥蚀量[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2009, 30(1):103-105
LIANG Quansheng, LIU Zhen, HE Xiaohu et al. Study of stratigraphic denudation recovery by seismic data in new exploration area [J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2009, 30(1): 103-105.
[38] 赵俊兴, 陈洪德, 时志强. 古地貌恢复技术方法及其研究意义: 以鄂尔多斯盆地侏罗纪沉积前古地貌研究为例[J]. 成都理工学院学报, 2001, 28(3):260-266
ZHAO Junxing, CHEN Hongde, SHI Zhiqiang. The way and implications of rebuilding palaeogeomorphology: Taking the research of palaeogeomorphology of the Ordos Basin before Jurassic deposition as example [J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology, 2001, 28(3): 260-266.
[39] 李丽贤, 李延, 李国辉, 等. 塔里木盆地孔雀河地区地层剥蚀量恢复方法及应用探讨[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2011, 25(3):43-45,51 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8217.2011.03.012
LI Lixian, LI Yan, LI Guohui et al. Restoration method and appliction discussion of strata denudation quantity in Qongque river area of Tarim basin [J]. Petroleum Geology and Engineering, 2011, 25(3): 43-45,51. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8217.2011.03.012
[40] 王明健, 张训华, 张运波. 临清坳陷东部早—中侏罗世地层剥蚀量恢复与原型盆地[J]. 特种油气藏, 2012, 19(6):17-21 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2012.06.004
WANG Mingjian, ZHANG Xunhua, ZHANG Yunbo. Restoration of denuded formation thickness and prototype basin of early to middle jurassic in eastern Linqing depression [J]. Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs, 2012, 19(6): 17-21. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-6535.2012.06.004
[41] 吴宇翔, 舒誉, 丁琳, 等. 珠江口盆地番禺4洼文昌组基于层序地层格架约束下的优质烃源岩预测[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2021, 37(3):41-49
WU Yuxiang, SHU Yu, DING Lin et al. Rediction of high quality source rocks based on sequence stratigraphic framework of Wenchang formation, Panyu 4 depression, the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2021, 37(3): 41-49.
[42] 高阳东, 张向涛, 彭光荣, 等. 珠江口盆地成盆-成烃-成藏: 代序[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2021, 45(1):1-5
GAO Yangdong, ZHANG Xiangtao, PENG Guangrong et al. Basin formation, hydrocarbon maturation and oil accumulation of the Pearl River Mouth basin: preface [J]. Geotectonica et Metallogenia, 2021, 45(1): 1-5.
-
下载:
图(13)
计量
- 文章访问数: 2354
- PDF下载数: 106
- 施引文献: 0