Characteristics and application of multiple sulfur isotopes of authigenic minerals in cold-seep environment
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摘要:
正常海相沉积物中普遍存在有机质硫酸盐还原作用（OSR），但在冷泉区，硫酸盐还原-甲烷厌氧氧化作用（SR-AOM）则占据主导地位。如何区分这两种硫酸盐还原途径，对研究极端环境下的生物地球化学过程具有重要意义。为进一步概括、了解冷泉区与SR-AOM相关的自生矿物的多硫同位素特征及其建模应用，在广泛调研国内外与SR-AOM相关的多硫同位素研究成果的基础上，综述了SR-AOM成因的黄铁矿和冷泉重晶石的多硫同位素特征。在此基础上，分别针对黄铁矿和冷泉重晶石概括已被广泛应用的稳定状态盒模型和1-D反应转移模型。SR-AOM成因的黄铁矿相比OSR成因的黄铁矿具有更高的δ34S值和Δ33S值。同时，SR-AOM成因的黄铁矿的δ34S值和Δ33S值呈负相关性，不同于OSR的正相关性。此外，冷泉重晶石的负Δ33S-δ´34S相关性与受OSR控制的孔隙水硫酸盐的正相关性亦明显不同。在冷泉环境中，与SR-AOM相关的自生矿物多硫同位素特征能有效示踪该极端条件下硫同位素的演化，且有利于区分SR-AOM和OSR，这为研究极端环境下的生物地球化学过程和示踪潜在的天然气水合物矿藏提供了有效依据。
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关键词:
- 冷泉 /
- 硫酸盐甲烷转换带 /
- 硫酸盐还原-甲烷厌氧氧化作用 /
- 黄铁矿 /
- 重晶石
Abstract:Organoclastic sulfate reduction (OSR) exists extensively within normal marine sediments, whereas, sulfate reduction coupled with anaerobic oxidation of methane (SR-AOM) are dominated process in the cold-seep areas. How to distinguish these two sulfate reduction pathways is of great significance to the study of biogeochemical processes in extreme environments. Here, in order to further understand the characteristics of multiple sulfur isotopes of authigenic minerals associated with SR-AOM in the cold seep and their modeling applications, this study conducts extensive investigations into the research results of multiple sulfur isotopes related to SR-AOM at home and abroad, mainly focusing on the multiple sulfur isotopic characteristics of pyrite and barite of SR-AOM. Based on this, the widely used steady-state box model and 1-D diagenetic reaction-transport model are proposed for pyrite and barite respectively. The pyrite of SR-AOM origin has higher δ34S and Δ33S values than that of OSR. The δ34S and Δ33S values of pyrite formed by SR-AOM shows a negative correlation, which is different from that of OSR. The negative Δ33S-δ´34S correlation of barite significantly different from that of OSR-induced pore water sulfate reveals a positive correlation. The multiple sulfur isotopic characteristics of authigenic minerals related to SR-AOM in the cold seep can effectively trace the evolution of sulfur isotopes and assist to distinguish SR-AOM from OSR. This provides an effective basis for further research on biogeochemical processes in extreme environments and for tracing potential gas hydrate deposits.
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表 1 全球范围内不同海域沉积物黄铁矿的δ34S和Δ33S值
Table 1. The δ34S values and some corresponding Δ33S values of pyrite in sediments from different sea areas around the world
地点 点位 δ34S/‰ Δ33S/‰ 研究人员 北海及巴伦支海 —
−23.4‰～14.8‰(均值为−6.9‰±9.7‰)−0.06‰～0.16‰ Antoine Crémière[23] 秘鲁北海岸及南加州海岸 — –35‰±5‰ 0.145‰±0.025‰ Rosalie Tostevin[40] 南海台西南盆地 DH-CL11
HD109
−44.1‰～−2.9‰
−43.8‰～−1.6‰
0.02‰～0.17‰
−0.03‰～0.14‰Lin Zhiyong[17] 奥尔胡斯湾 M24 −35‰～−22‰ — André Pellerin[78] 南海北部 F
ROV1及ROV2−16.5‰～16.4‰(均值为−1.8‰)
–22.5‰～6.6‰(均值为−11.6‰)— Gong Shanggui[73] 南海台西南盆地 973-4 –46.0‰～48.6‰(均值为−2.4‰） −0.052‰～0.2‰ Liu Jiarui[14] 东海 EC2005 −36.5‰～75.7‰ (均值为−4.4‰) — Liu Xiting[87] 南海琼东南盆地 Q6 −51.7‰～−20.7‰(均值为−36.7 ‰) — Miao Xiaoming[30] 南加州海岸 — −25.7‰～−37.7‰ — Morgan Reed Raven[31] 南海神狐海域 HS148
HS217−40.5‰～41.0‰
−47.6‰～16.4‰— Lin Zhiyong[60] 墨西哥湾 — −14‰～−38.7‰(均值为−27.4‰) — Sajjad A. Akam[32] 南海珠江口盆地 2A −51.3‰～−27.8‰ — Lin Qi[59] 南海台西南盆地 973-4 −50.4‰～37.2‰ — 秘鲁海岸 ODP 1229E −32.4‰～2.1‰ — Virgil Pasquier[98] 南海神狐海域 HS328 −46.6‰～−12.3‰ — Zhang Mei[99] 
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