The composition and source of hydrocarbons in the hydrothermal products of Tangyin and Yonaguni Knoll IV hydrothermal fields from the Okinawa Trough
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摘要:
通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）和气相色谱-同位素质谱仪（GC-IRMS），分别分析了冲绳海槽南部唐印和第四与那国热液区热液硫化物与热液沉积物中烷烃含量和正烷烃单体碳同位素组成特征。热液产物样品中正烷烃显示出明显的双峰分布，高分子正烷烃显示出明显的奇数碳优势，其丰度最大值位于C31处；低分子正烷烃显示出偶数碳优势，其丰度最大值位于C18处。正烷烃的分布特征以及正烷烃碳同位素组成表明，样品中正烷烃主要来源于热液微生物代谢活动和陆源高等植物的输入，其中，低分子的正烷烃主要来源于热液微生物代谢活动，而高分子的正烷烃主要来源于陆源高等植物。热液硫化物样品中低分子正烷烃含量和比重都高于热液沉积物，表明热液硫化物中热液微生物活动可能更加繁盛。热液硫化物中正烷烃单体的δ13C表现出随碳原子个数增加，同位素值减小的趋势，暗示该区非生物合成有机质的贡献可能不能忽略。
Abstract:The hydrothermal sulfide and sediment of the Tangyin and Yonaguni Knoll Ⅳ hydrothermal fields in the southern Okinawa Trough were analyzed in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS), by which the abundances of hydrocarbons and the individual C isotope compositions of n-alkane were determined. The n-alkanes in the hydrothermal products conformed to a bimodal distribution, and exhibited an odd-to-even predominance of high molecular weight n-alkanes with maxima at C31 and an even-to-odd predominance of low molecular weight n-alkanes with maxima at C18. The distribution and individual carbon isotopic compositions of n-alkanes suggest that the low molecular weight n-alkanes in hydrothermal products may be mainly the result of the metabolic activity of submarine hydrothermal microorganisms, and the high-molecular weight n-alkanes in hydrothermal products may be derived from mainly the terrigenous inputs. The content and proportion of low-molecular n-alkanes in hydrothermal sulfides are higher than those of hydrothermal sediment, indicating that hydrothermal microbial activity might be more flourishing in hydrothermal sulfide. The δ13C values of the n-alkanes in the hydrothermal sulfide samples tend to decrease as the number of carbon atoms increased, which suggest that the abiogenic contribution to the source of hydrocarbons in hydrothermal sulfides shall not be ignored.
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表 1 样品中正烷烃组成
Table 1. Composition of n-alkanes in the samples
μg/g 烃类 TVG10-2 TVG11-2-1 TVG11-2-2 正十六烷 0.239 0.452 0.263 降姥鲛烷 0.088 0.109 0.042 正十七烷 0.312 0.377 0.312 姥鲛烷 0.418 0.530 0.186 正十八烷 1.229 1.296 0.869 植烷 1.443 3.582 1.197 正十九烷 0.724 1.013 0.386 正二十烷 0.488 1.112 0.405 正二十一烷 0.704 0.519 0.837 正二十二烷 0.351 0.379 2.586 正二十三烷 0.722 0.819 0.817 正二十四烷 0.255 0.487 1.951 正二十五烷 0.602 0.430 0.348 正二十六烷 0.284 0.350 0.306 正二十七烷 0.273 0.310 0.382 正二十八烷 0.317 0.503 0.317 正二十九烷 0.504 0.429 0.693 正三十烷 0.437 0.276 0.381 正三十一烷 1.187 0.603 3.154 正三十二烷 0.515 0.212 1.992 正三十三烷 0.999 0.735 0.618 正三十四烷 0.134 0.075 0.127 正三十五烷 0.436 0.284 0.249 烷烃总含量 12.660 14.882 18.420 m(Pr)/m(Ph) 0.290 0.148 0.156 ΣT/ΣM 1.539 0.882 2.788 OEP17 0.442 0.468 0.499 OEP29 1.152 0.843 2.256 注：m(Pr)/m(Ph)=姥鲛烷和植烷含量比值；ΣT/ΣM=Σm(C25-35 )/Σm(C15-21)；OEP17=[m(C15)+6m(C17)+m(C19)]/[4m(C16)+4m(C18)]；OEP29=[m(C27)+6m(C29)+m(C31)]/[4m(C28)+4m(C30)]。 
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表 2 样品中正烷烃的单体碳同位素值
Table 2. The δ13C values of n-alkanes in samples
烃类 δ13C值/（‰,PDB） TVG10-2 TVG11-2-1 TVG11-2-2 正十六烷 −26.7 −25.7 −30.9 正十七烷 −26.8 −25.9 −32.8 正十八烷 −26.4 −25.1 −31.9 正十九烷 −28.7 −27.6 −33.0 正二十烷 −26.7 −26.0 −31.3 正二十一烷 −29.1 −27.1 −32.4 正二十二烷 −26.8 −26.8 −31.0 正二十三烷 −28.2 −27.3 −30.7 正二十四烷 −27.4 −27.6 −30.0 正二十五烷 −29.2 −28.0 −30.6 正二十六烷 −27.8 −27.9 −30.6 正二十七烷 −29.9 −28.9 −31.9 正二十八烷 −28.2 −28.6 −32.6 正二十九烷 −31.0 −30.6 −32.5 正三十烷 −30.0 −30.9 −32.3 正三十一烷 −31.9 −32.8 −32.2 正三十二烷 −32.3 −32.3 −32.1 正三十三烷 −31.6 −33.6 −31.7 正三十四烷 −31.3 −32.4 −31.7 正三十五烷 −32.3 −33.5 −33.9
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