Study on the ecological pattern of Minjiang Estuary based on the concept of land-sea coordination
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摘要: 湾区的区位优势与产业集群优势明显，是人类活动最集中的区域。在快速城市化进程下，作为海陆交互作用的频繁地带，闽江口的生态环境问题较突出。基于福建省资源环境承载力和国土空间开发适宜性评价成果，针对闽江口生态服务功能区和生态问题风险区内的重要生态要素单元开展了1[DK]∶5万环境地质调查，以陆海统筹理念为指导，在"双评价"指南的基础上结合湾区实际，增加了沿海山体、沙质岸线防护林、无人低覆被率海岛等多项生态保护重要性评价指标，建立了湾区陆海统筹双评价方法技术体系并完成了闽江口生态保护重要性评价，为湾区城市群走绿色高质量发展新道路提供了理论支持和基础支撑。研究表明：沿海第一道山体是湾区重要的生态保护屏障，对沿海城市抵御台风和沙化侵蚀起到了不可替代的作用；海岛关乎国家海洋权益，面积越小、植被覆盖越差、离岸越远的无人岛屿，生态安全风险越高；海岸带处于陆海交互的连接带，是沿海城市发展的重点区，也是连接陆、海生态斑块的关键区，相对陆域，生态系统更脆弱；岩性为中粗粒花岗岩的沿海裸岩，是水土流失的高发区，也是岸线淤积的风险区。Abstract: The Bay Area, the most concentrated area of human activities, has obvious advantages of location and industrial clusters. As a frequent interaction zone between sea and land, the ecological environmental problems in this region are particularly prominent under rapid urbanization process. Based on the evaluation results of resource and environment carrying capacity and suitability of territorial space development in Fujian Province, we have conducted 1[DK]:50 000 geological environment survey of important ecological elements within the ecological service function zone and ecological problem risk zone in Minjiang Estuary. Guided by the concept of Land-Sea Coordination, we added such important evaluation indexes of ecological protection in "Double Evaluation" in accordance with the reality of the Bay Area as coastal hills, sandy coastline shelterbelt and uninhabited low cover-rate island. A "Double Evaluation" method and technology system for Land-Sea Coordination in the Bay Area has been established, and the ecological conservation importance of Mingjiang Estuary evaluated. The ecological security development pattern of Mingjiang Estuary has thus been constructed, which will provide theoretical and basic support for the green and high-quality development of the Bay Area urban agglomeration. Our research indicates that:The first mountain in the coastal area is an important ecological protection shield for the Bay Area, playing an irreplaceable role in the coastal cities' resistance to typhoons and desertification erosion; Islands are related to national maritime rights and interests. The smaller the area, the worse the vegetation coverage, and the farther the uninhabited islands are from offshore, the higher the ecological security risk will be. The coastal zone is where land and sea interact. It is a significant area for the development of coastal cities, and also a key area connecting ecological patches of land and sea. Its ecosystem is more fragile than that of land area, so more stringent ecological security protection measures should be implemented for areas prone to soil erosion and shoreline siltation. Coastal bare rock with medium-coarse-grained granite lithology is a high-prone area of soil erosion and a risk area of shoreline siltation.
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Key words:
- land-sea coordination /
- the Bay area /
- ecological pattern /
- Minjiang Estuary /
- Double Evaluation
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