Geological evolution and metallogenesis of the Geza copper polymetallic mineral concentration district,Shangri-La,Southwest Yunnan
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摘要: 格咱矿集区位于义敦-沙鲁里岛弧与盐源-丽江被动陆缘结合部位，长期的地质演化，形成了具有特色的成岩成矿岩石(矿物)组合。该矿集区产出铜钼金等多金属矿床50余处，是我国的铜资源基地之一。本文综合香格里拉市格咱地区沉积、岩浆、变质、构造对矿床分布等制约因素，综述该地区成矿作用与地质演化的关系。格咱矿集区多金属矿成矿作用主要与二叠纪至三叠纪古特提斯俯冲封闭及三叠纪至古近纪陆内造山演化有关，即二叠纪—晚三叠世洋-陆转换(P-T3)和晚三叠世末期—古近纪的陆内发展演化(J-K-E)两个时期，进一步可细分为甘孜-理塘洋盆的发展演化(P-T2)、甘孜-理塘洋盆的俯冲消减及碰撞造山(T3)、白垩纪板内伸展(K)、古近纪碰撞后板内伸展走滑(E)四个阶段。印支晚期(221～199 Ma)、燕山晚期(88～77 Ma)、喜马拉雅早期(50～28Ma)的三期岩浆活动直接导致格咱地区多金属富集。已知矿床(点)深部及三期浅成斑(玢)岩体外围尚有较大找矿潜力，是区内今后勘查的重点方向。Abstract: The Geza mineral concentration district, which is of more than 50 polymetallic Cu-Mo-Au-W deposits, is located at the junctional areas of the southern Yidun-Shaluli arc-basin of Gantze-Litang tectonic system and the Lijiang continental marginal rift basin in Shangri-La area, southwest Yunnan. In this paper, the relationship between the regional geological evolution and the metallization of polymetallic deposits, especially the relationship between the tectonic evolution and the stratigraphic texture, magmatism, metamorphism, and mineralization, is discussed in detail. The mineralization in study area is characterized by multi-phases, related to the subduction and the closure of the Paleo-Tethys from Permian to Late Triassic and the long term orogenesis from the end of Triassic to Paleogene, i.e. the ocean-continent transition period (P-T3) and the intracontinental evolution period (J-K-E). The geological evolution in study areas could be further divided into four stages: (1) the evolution stage of the Gantze-Litang oceanic basin (P-T2), (2) the subduction and collisional orogeny stage of the Gantze-Litang oceanic basin (T3), (3) the Cretaceous intracontinental extension stage (K), and (4) the Paleogene intracontinental extension and strike-slip stage (N-Q). Three magmatic events, which are the Late Indosinian (221~199 Ma), the Late Yanshanian (88~77 Ma), and the Early Himalayan (50~28 Ma), are closely related to the metallogenesis in study area, respectively. It is suggested that the deeper and outer sections of the ore-forming intrusions are potential for ore prospecting in Geza area in the future.
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