Influence of underground space development mode on the groundwater flow field in Xiong’an new area
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Abstract:
The degree and scale of underground space development are growing with the continuous advancement of urbanization in China. The lack of research on the change of the groundwater flow field before and after the development of underground space has led to various problems in the process of underground space development and operation. This paper took the key development zone of the Xiong’an New Area as the study area, and used the Groundwater modeling system software (GMS) to analyse the influence on the groundwater flow field under the point, line, and surface development modes. The main results showed that the underground space development would lead to the expansion and deepening of the cone of depression in the aquifer. The groundwater level on the upstream face of the underground structure would rise, while the water level on the downstream face would drop. The “line” concurrent development has the least impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level on the upstream side of the underground structure is expected to be approximately 3.05 m. The “surface” development has the greatest impact on the groundwater flow field, and the maximum rise of water level is expected to be 7.17 m.
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Key words:
- Xiong’an new area /
- Groundwater flow field /
- Underground space /
- GMS
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Table 1. Initial hydraulic properties
No. Stratum and lithology Layer Horizontal hydraulic conductivity (m/d) Vertical hydraulic conductivity (m/d) Specific yield 1 Landfill Unsaturated zone 8.35e-05 3.77e-05 0.027 5 2 Alluvial pluvial soil Unsaturated zone 2.3e-03 7.4e-03 0.027 5 3 Alluvial lacustrine soil Unsaturated zone 5.1e-03 7.6e-03 0.027 5 4 Clay + silt Unsaturated zone 3.0e-03 5.9e-03 0.037 5 5 Clayey sand Unsaturated zone 1.0e-04 1.6e-04 0.037 5 6 Find sand + silt Unconfined aquifer 3.16 3.16 0.04 7 Clay + silt Low-permeability aquifer 9.5e-03 7.30e-03 0.037 5 8 Find sand + silt Confined aquifer 0.907 0.907 0.047 5 9 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 1.0e-04 1.6e-04 0.027 5 10 Find sand + Silt + Medium sand Confined aquifer 0.777 6 0.777 6 0.07 11 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 2.8e-03 3.9e-04 0.027 5 12 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 2.1e-04 3.2e-04 0.027 5 13 Find sand + Silt + Medium sand Confined aquifer 2.592 2.592 0.095 14 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 1.5e-02 3.7e-03 0.027 5 15 Find sand + Medium sand Confined aquifer 2.592 2.592 0.095 16 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 8.5e-05 1.6e-04 0.027 5 17 Find sand + Medium sand Confined aquifer 2.592 2.592 0.095 18 Clayey soil Impermeable layer 1.9e-04 3.6e-04 0.027 5 
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Table 2. List of data of the influences on groundwater exerted by different modes of underground space development
Development modes Increasing amplitude (m) Average (m) Decreasing amplitude (m) Average (m) Overall N-N Section N-N Section Overall N-N Section N-N Section Point 3.5 3.24 1.81 3.6 3.34 2.19 Line-down-flow 3.05 3.04 1.64 3.47 2.84 2 Line-cross-closure 5.3 4.85 2.73 4.95 4.74 3.39 Surface 7.17 6.67 4.76 7.67 7.17 4.69 Development modes Funnel extent (km) Decreasing amplitude in the center (m) Hydraulic gradient Extent of influence (km) N-N Section Overall N-N Section Overall N-N Section N-N Section Point 3.40 3.92 3.34 5.45 3.03 4.00 Line-down-flow 3.00 3.13 2.84 4.81 2.01 7.00 Line-cross-closure 5.50 5.04 4.75 8.33 3.92 5.80 Surface 7.70 >8 6.96 13.46 12.82 >8
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