DISTRIBUTION AND ACCUMULATION OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM AND MERCURY IN COASTAL WETLAND SEDIMENT OF NORTHERN BEIBU GULF
-
摘要: 基于表层和柱状沉积物样品的理化分析和210Pb、137Cs测年,揭示了北部湾北部滨海湿地(0~6 m水深范围)沉积物中砷(As)、镉(Cd)和汞(Hg)元素的空间分布特征、近百年来的累积趋势及控制因素。结果表明研究区表层沉积物类型主要为砂,并且大风江口以东沉积物的粒度比以西的要粗;表层沉积物中As、Cd、Hg和有机质的含量分别是(8.11±5.80)、(0.08±0.11)、(0.034±0.028)μg/g和(0.73±0.74)%,铁山港顶部、南流江口东部、钦州湾和大风江口中部表层沉积物中3种元素含量相对较高;沉积物的粒度是控制元素空间分布的最主要因素,从钦江口、南周江(南流江)口和山口红树林保护区获得柱状样所处区域的平均沉积速率在20世纪20年代至今分别为0.93、1.75和1.35 cm/a;3个柱状样中As、Cd和Hg的含量在20世纪80年代中期至2000s中期呈现出明显增加的趋势,特别是钦江口和南周江(南流江)口区。河口区及上游沿岸人类活动对这些元素的输入是其近20年来含量增加的主要原因。Abstract: The spatial distribution, accumulation mechanism and controlling factors of Arsenic, Cadmium and Mercury in the last hundred years were studied based on the chemical and 210Pb, 137Cs dating data from the surface and coring sediments retrieved from the coastal wetland of north Beibu Gulf within a water depth of 0~6 m. The surface sediment is dominated by sand. The grain size of the sediment in the eastern part is coarser than that in the western part to the Dafeng river estuary. The contents of As, Cd, Hg and organic matter in the surface sediment are 8.11±5.80 μg/g、0.08±0.11 μg/g、0.034±0.028 μg/g and (0.73±0.74)%, respectively. High anomalies are found in the top part of the Tieshangang bay, the east estuary of the Nanliu river, the Qinzhou bay and the middle part of the Dafeng river estuary. Grain size is the principle factor controlling the elements distribution pattern in the surface sediment. The average sedimentation rates are 0.93 cm/a, 1.75 cm/a and 1.35 cm/a for the three cores collected from the Qin river estuary, Nanzhou (Nanliu) river estuary and Shankou mangrove conservation area during the period from 1920s to 2008, determined by 210Pb and 137Cs dating. The contents of As, Cd and Hg show an increasing trend in the period from 1985s to 2008, particularly for the cores retrieved from the estuaries of Qin river and Nanliu river due to the impacts of human activities.
-
-
[1] Doody J P. The conservation of British saltmarshes[C]//Saltmarshes:morphodynamics, conservation and engineering significance. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1992:80-114.
[2] 吴黎黎, 李树华. 广西滨海湿地生态系统的恢复与保护措施[J]. 广西科学院学报, 2010, 26(1):62-66.
[WU Lili, LI Shuhua. The restoration and protections of coastal wetland ecosystem in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Guangxi Academy of Science, 2010, 26(1):62-66.]
[3] 韩秋影, 黄小平, 施平等. 华南滨海湿地的退化趋势、原因及保护对策[J]. 科学通报, 2006, 52(增刊Ⅱ):102-107.[HAN Qiuying, HUANG Xiaoping, SHI Ping, et al. Degradation, reasons and protection strategy of south China costal wetland[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2006
, 52(suppl Ⅱ):102-107.]
[4] Manahan S E. Environmental Chemistry[M]. 7th. Boca Raton, FL:Lewis Press, 2000:898.
[5] Ennouri R, Chouba L, Magni P, et al. Spatial distribution of trace metals (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) and oligo-elements (Mg, Ca, Na and K) in surface sediments of the Gulf of Tunis (Northern Tunisia)[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2010, 163(1-4):229-239.
[6] Li Q, Wu Z, Chu B, et al. Heavy metals in coastal wetland sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2007, 49(2):158-164.
[7] Baptista Neto J, Gingele F, Leipe T, et al. Spatial distribution of heavy metals in surficial sediments from Guanabara Bay:Río de Janeiro, Brasil[J]. Environmental Geology, 2006, 49(7):1051-1063.
[8] Hyun S, Lee C H, Lee T, et al. Anthropogenic contributions to heavy metal distributions in the surface sediments of Masan Bay, Korea[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2007, 54(7):1059-1068.
[9] Chatterjee M, Massolo S, Sarkar S K, et al. An assessment of trace element contamination in intertidal sediment cores of Sunderban mangrove wetland, India for evaluating sediment quality guidelines[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2009, 150(1-4):307-322.
[10] Vane C H, Harrison I, Kim A W, et al. Organic and metal contamination in surface mangrove sediments of South China[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2009, 58(1):134-144.
[11] Janaki-Raman D, P. J M, Srinivasalu S, et al. Trace metal enrichments in core sediments in Muthupet mangroves, SE coast of India:application of acid leachable technique[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2007, 145(1):245-257.
[12] Alvarez-Iglesias P, Quintana B, Rubio B, et al. Sedimentation rates and trace metal input history in intertidal sediments from San Simón Bay (Ría de Vigo, NW Spain) derived from 210Pb and 137Cs chronology[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 2007, 98(3):229-250.
[13] Andrewsa J E, Samwaysc G, Shimmield G B. Historical storage budgets of organic carbon, nutrient and contaminant elements in saltmarsh sediments:Biogeochemical context for managed realignment, Humber Estuary, UK[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2008, 405(1-3):1-13.
[14] Irabien M J, Cearreta A, Leorri E, et al. A 130 year record of pollution in the Suances estuary (southern Bay of Biscay):Implications for environmental management[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2008, 59(10):1719-1727.
[15] Jara-Marini M E, Soto-Jimenez M F, Paez-Osuna F. Trace metals accumulation patterns in a mangrove lagoon ecosystem, Mazatlan Harbor, southeast Gulf of California[J]. Journal of Environmental Science and Health A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering, 2008, 43(9):995-1005.
[16] Díaz-Asencio M, Alonso-Hernández C, Bolanos-Alvarez Y, et al. One century sedimentary record of Hg and Pb pollution in the Sagua estuary (Cuba) derived from 210Pb and 137Cs chronology[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2009, 59(4-7):108-115.
[17] Ruiz-Fernández A C, Frignani M, Hillaire-Marcel C, et al. Trace Metals (Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb) Accumulation recorded in the Intertidal mudflat sediments of three coastal lagoons in the Gulf of California, Mexico[J]. Estuaries and Coasts, 2009, 32(3):551-564.
[18] 廉雪琼, 王运芳, 陈群英. 广西近岸海域海水和沉积物及生物体中的重金属[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2001, 20(2):59-62.
[LIAN Xueqiong, WANG Yunfang, CHEN Qunying. Assessment on heavy metals in seawater, surface sediments and organisms at Guangxi inshore[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2001, 20(2):59-62.]
[19] 廉雪琼. 广西近岸海域沉积物中重金属污染评价[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2002, 21(3):39-42.
[LIAN Xueqiong. The assessment on the pollution of heavy metals in sediment of Guangxi inshore[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2002, 21(3):39-42.]
[20] 蓝锦毅, 廉雪琼, 巫强. 广西近岸海域沉积物环境质量现状与评价[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2006, 25(S1):57-59.
[LAN Jinyi, LIAN Xueqiong, WU Qiang. Status and evaluation on the environmental quality of sediment in Guangxi coast[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2006, 25(S1):57-59.]
[21] 夏鹏, 孟宪伟, 印萍,等. 广西北海潮间带沉积物中重金属的污染状况及其潜在生态危害[J]. 海洋科学进展, 2008, 26(4):471-477.
[XIA Peng, MENG Xianwei, YIN Ping,et al. Heavy metal pollution and its potential ecological risk in the sediments from the Beihai intertidal zone of Guangxi province[J]. Advances in Marine Science. 2008, 26(4):471-477.]
[22] Xia P, Meng X, Feng A, et al. Geochemical characteristics of heavy metals in coastal sediments from the northern Beibu Gulf (SW China):the background levels and recent contamination[J]. Environmental Earth Science, 2011, DOI:10.1007/s12665-011-1343-y.
[23] Xia P, Meng X, Yin P, et al. Eighty-year sedimentary record of heavy metal inputs in the intertidal sediments from the Nanliu River estuary, Beibu Gulf of South China Sea[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159(1):92-99.
[24] 莫永杰. 北部湾北部浅海沉积物的粒度类型[J]. 热带海洋, 1990, 9(1):87-93.
[MO Yongjie. Grain size types of sediment of the shallow waters in northern Beibu gulf[J]. Tropic Oceanology, 1990, 9(1):87-93.]
[25] 广东省海岸带和海涂资源综合调查大队, 广东省海岸带和海涂资源综合调查领导小组办公室. 广东省海岸带和海涂资源综合调查报告[M]. 北京:海洋出版社, 1987:101-105.[The investigation team and leading group of the coastal fishery resource in Guangdong Province.The investigation report for the coastal fishery resource in Guangdong Province[M].Beijing:China Ocean Press, 1987:101
-105.]
[26] 莫永杰. 广西溺谷湾海岸地貌特征[J]. 海洋通报, 1990, 9(6):57-60.
[MO Yongjie. Geomorphic features of drowned valley bays of Guangxi coast[J]. Marine Science Bulletin, 1990, 9(6):57-60.]
[27] 张忠华, 胡刚, 梁士楚. 广西红树林资源与保护[J]. 海洋环境科学, 2007, 26(3):275-282.
[ZHANG Zhonghua, HU Gang,LIANG Shichu. Mangrove resources and conservation in Guangxi[J]. Marine Environmental Science, 2007, 26(3):275-282.]
[28] 张桂宏. 广西沿海地区潮汐特性分析[J]. 人民珠江, 2009(1):29-30.[ZHANG Guihong.Tide character analysis of Guangxi coastal area[J]. Pear River, 2009
(1):29-30.]
[29] 广西壮族自治区地质矿产局. 广西壮族自治区区域地质志[M]. 北京:地质出版社, 1985:5-475.[Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Guangxi Province. Regional geology of Guangxi Province[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House, 1985:5
-475.]
[30] 黎广钊, 刘敬合, 方国祥. 南流江三角洲沉积特征及其环境演变[J]. 广西科学, 1994, 1(3):21-25.
[LI Guangzhao, LIU Jinhe, FANG Guoxiang. Sedimentary characteristics of the Nanliu river delta and its environmental evolution[J]. Guangxi Sciences, 1994, 1(3):21-25.]
[31] 夏威岚, 薛滨. 吉林小龙湾沉积速率的210Pb和137Cs年代学方法测定[J]. 第四纪研究, 2004, 24(1):123-125.
[XIA Weilan, XUE Bin. 210Pb和137Cs method of chronological measurement for the sedimentation rate of Xiaolongwan, Jinlin province[J]. Quaternary Research, 2004, 24(1):123-125.]
[32] Lu X, Matsumoto E. LEADAT:a MATLAB-based program for lead-210 data analysis of sediment cores[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2006, 25(6):128-137.
[33] Appleby P. Three decades of dating recent sediments by fallout radionuclides:a review[J]. The Holocene, 2008, 18(1):83-93.
[34] Shepard F P. Nomenclature based on sand-silt-clay ratios[J]. Journal Sedimentary Petrology, 1954, 24:151-158.
[35] 孙双文, 王毅, 兰健. 2006年夏季及冬季北部湾东部的海洋水文与环流[C]//北部湾海洋科学研究论文集. 北京:海洋出版社, 2009:64-72.[SUN Shuangwen, WANG Yi, LAN Jian. Hydrographic condition and circulation in the Beibu Gulf in water and summer of 2006[C]//Colloquium of marine science research for Beibu Gulf section I. Beijing, China Ocean Press, 2009
:64-72.]
[36] Weis D A, Callaway J C, Gersberg R M. Vertical accretion rates and heavy metal chronologies in wetland sediments of the Tijuana Estuary[J]. Estuary, 2001, 24(6A):840-850.
[37] 李贞, 李珍, 张卫国,等. 广西钦州湾海岸带孢粉组合和沉积环境演变[J]. 第四纪研究, 2010, 30(3):598-608.
[LI Zhen, LI Zhen, ZHANG Weiguo, et al. Pollen assemblage and sedimentary environment evolution in the coastal zone in Qinzhou bay, Guangxi province[J]. Quaternary Research, 2010, 30(3):598-608.]
[38] 张乔民, 温孝胜, 宋朝景,等. 红树林潮滩沉积速率测量与研究[J]. 热带海洋, 1996, 15(4):57-62.
[ZHANG Qiaomin, WEN Xiaosheng, SONG Chaojin, et al. The measurement and study on dedimentation rates in mangrove tidal flats[J]. Tropic Oceanology, 1996, 15(4):57-62.]
[39] 全为民, 李春鞠, 沈盎绿,等. 崇明东滩湿地营养盐与重金属的分布与累积[J]. 生态学报, 2006(10):3324-3331.[QUAN Weimin, LI Chunju, SHEN Anglv, et al. Distribution and accumulation of nutrients and heavy metals in Dongtan wetlands on Chongming Island, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2006
(10):3324-3331.]
[40] 朱丹婷, 李铭红, 李侠. 互花米草群落对重金属元素的循环和富集特征[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2010, 38(3):1203-1205
, 1208.[Zhu Danting, Li minhong, Li Xia. Cycle and enrichment characteristics of Spatina alterniflora community on heavy metal elements[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Science, 2010, 38(3):1203-1205, 1208.]
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 1099
- PDF下载数: 2
- 施引文献: 0
下载: