GEOCHEMICAL RECORDS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE GAOYOU LAKE AND THEIR RESPONSE TO HUMAN ACTIVITIES
-
摘要: 通过对高邮湖钻孔沉积物粒度、沉积速率和地球化学元素等指标的分析,结合高邮湖地区的历史文献记录,探讨了高邮湖近现代时期环境变迁及其对区域重大事件和人类活动的响应。研究结果表明:高邮湖沉积物重金属元素近300年来呈现随深度减小逐渐富集的趋势,区域大事件如黄河改道等是导致元素含量变化的主要原因。而影响元素含量异常波动的人为因素包括为保运河修建高家堰大堤以及清朝修改赋役制度导致人口增长等。近百年来高邮湖沉积物中重金属元素含量的变化主要与人口数量、人类活动方式及强度的改变相关。Abstract: Based on the parameters of the core sediments taken from the Gaoyou Lake, such as grain-size, sedimention rate and contents of geochemical elements, environmental changes during the modern period and their response to human activities and regional events were studied with reference to historical records. It is concluded that the contents of heavy metals increased with the decrease in water depth of the lake in the recent 300 years. The great regional events, such as the northward shift of the Yellow River contributed greatly to the changes in the contents of heavy metal elements. The human factors, which lead to the abnormal fluctuation of the contents of heavy metal elements, include the construction of Gaojia Levee along the Grand Canal for the purpose of shipping, and the significant increase in population owing to the changes of the tax system in the Qin Dynasty. However, the increase in the heavy metals in the recent century is mainly due to the increase in population and the intensification of human activities.
-
Key words:
- geochemical records /
- human activity /
- heavy metal /
- lake sediments /
- Gaoyou Lake
-
-
[1] Crutzen P J. Geology of mankind-The Anthropocene[J]. Nature, 2002, 415(6867):23.
[2] 刘东生. 开展"人类世"环境研究,做新时代地学的开拓者——纪念黄汲清先生的地学创新精神[J]. 第四纪研究, 2004, 24(4):369-378.
[LIU Dongsheng. Demand of anthropocene study in the new stage of geosciences:In honor of late geologist Huang Jiqing for his innovative spirit[J]. Quaternary Science, 2004, 24(4):369-378.]
[3] 王苏民,张振克.中国湖泊沉积与环境演变研究的新进展[J].科学通报,1999, 44(6):579-587.
[WANG Sumin, ZHANG Zhenke. Advanced research of lakes sediments and environmental changes in China[J]. Chinese Sci. Bull., 1999, 44(6):579-587.]
[4] Xiong Y, Wu F, Fang J. et al. Organic geochemical record of environmental changes in Lake Dianchi, China[J]. Journal of Paleolimnology, 2010, 44:217-231
[5] 吴艳宏,刘恩峰,邴海键,等.人类活动影响下的长江中游龙感湖近代湖泊沉积年代序列[J].中国科学D辑, 2010, 40(6):751-757.
[WU Yanhong, LIU Enfeng, BING Haijian, et al. Geochronology of recent lake sediments from Longgan Lake, middle reach of the Yangtze River, influenced by disturbance of human activities[J]. China Earth Science (Series D), 2010, 40(6):751-757.]
[6] Nathalie F, Sebastien B, Nadine M, et al. Geochemical evidence(C,N and Pb isotopes)of recent anthropogenic impact in south-central Chile from two environmentally distinct lake sediment records[J]. Journal of Quaternary Science, 2010, 25(7):1100-1112.
[7] 舒卫先,李世杰,姚书春. 太湖ZS孔沉积记录的近50年来营养盐沉积通量变化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2008, 28(3):67-72.
[SHU Weixian, LI Shijie, YAO Shuchun. Sedimetary record of nutrient accumulation rates in core ZS from Taihu Lake for recent 50 years[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2008, 28(3):67-72.]
[8] 王颖,张振克,朱大奎,等. 河海交互作用与苏北平原成因[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(3):301-320.
[WANG Ying, ZHANG Zhenke, ZHU Dakui, et al. River-sea interaction and the north Jiangsu plain formation[J]. Quaternary Sciences, 2006,26(3):301-319.]
[9] 廖高明. 高邮湖的形成和发展[J]. 地理学报,1992,47(2):139-145.
[LIAO Gaoming. Formation and evolution of the Gaoyou Lake, Jiangsu Province[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica, 1992,47(2):139-145.]
[10] 潘凤英.晚全新世以来江淮之间湖泊的变迁[J].地理科学,1988,3(4):361-368.
[PAN Fengying. A sketch of the transition of the lakes between the Yangtze River and the Huai River in the late period[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 1988,(4):361-367.]
[11] 王苏民,窦鸿身. 中国湖泊志[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1998:261-297.[WANG Sumin, DOU Hongshen. Annals of Lakes in China[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1998:261
-297.]
[12] 中科院南京地理研究所湖泊室. 江苏湖泊志[M].南京:江苏省科技出版社, 1982:116-123.[Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Annals of Lakes in Jiangsu Province[M]. Nanjing:Jiangsu Science and Technology Press, 1982:116
-123.]
[13] Folk R L, Ward W C. Brazos river bar:A study in the signification of grain size parameters[J].Journal of Sedim. Petro., 1957, 27:3-27.
[14] 徐馨, 何才华, 沈志达. 第四纪环境研究方法[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社, 1992:51-110.[XU Xin, HE Caihua, SHEN Zhida. Methods of Quaternary Environment Research[M]. Guiyang:Guizhou Science and Technology Press,1992:51
-110.]
[15] LI Shuheng, Fu Guanghe, Guo Wei, et al. Environmental changes during modern period from the record of Gaoyou Lake sediments, Jiangsu, China[J]. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 2007, 17(1):62-72.
[16] 陈家其,姜彤,许朋柱. 江苏省近两千年气候变化研究[J]. 地理科学. 1998,18(3):219-226.
[CHEN Jiaqi, JIANG Tong, XU Pengzhu. Climatic changes during the last 2000 years in Jiangsu Province[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica,1998,18(3):219-226.]
[17] 徐近之. 黄淮平原气候历史记载的初步整理[J]. 地理学报.1955, 21(2):181-190.
[XU Jinzhi. Study on climatic record during historic period of Huang-Huai River plain[J]. Acta Geographica Sinica,1955, 21(2):181-190.]
[18] 杨守业,李从先.长江与黄河沉积物元素组成及地质背景[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质,1999,19(2):19-26.
[J].[YANG Shouye, LI Congxian. Characteristic element compositions of the Yangtze and the Yellow River sediments and their geological background[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 1999, 19(2):19-26.]
[19] 赵一阳. 中国海大陆架沉积物地球化学的若干模式[J]. 地质科学, 1983, 4:307-314.[ZHAO Yiyang. Some geochemical patterns of shelf sediments of the China seas[J].Chinese Journal of Geology, 1983
, 4:307-314.]
[20] 杨丽原, 沈吉, 张祖陆, 等. 近四十年来山东南四湖环境演化的元素地球化学记录[J]. 地球化学, 2003, 32(5):453-460.
[YANG Liyuan, SHEN Ji, ZHANG Zulu, et al. A 40-year element geochemical record and its environment implication in Lake Nansihu, Shandong Province[J].Geochimica, 2003, 32(5):453-460.]
[21] 赵一阳,鄢明才. 中国浅海沉积物地球化学[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1994:23-108.[ZHAO Yiyang, YAN Mingcai. Geochemical Records in the Sediments of Shallow China Seas[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1994:23
-108.]
[22] 夏鹏, 孟宪伟, 印萍,等. 广西龙门岛潮间带近150年来环境演变的沉积记录[J]. 海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2011, 31(1):51-59.
[XIA Peng, MENG Xianwei, YIN Ping, et al. Depositional records of environmental evolution during the recent 150 years in the intertidal zone of Longmen Island, Guangxi Province[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2011, 31(1):51-59.]
[23] 赵广明, 叶思源, 李广雪, 等. 渤海湾沉积地球化学记录及其对环境变迁的指示[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质, 2009, 29(5):51-57.
[ZHAO Guangming, YE Siyuan, LI Guangxue, et al. Sedimentary geochemical records:indications of environmental changes in Bohai Bay[J]. Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology, 2009, 29(5):51-57.]
[24] 谭其骧. 黄河与运河的变迁[J]. 地理知识, 1955, 8(9):243-278.
[TAN Qixiang. Evolution of the Yellow River and the Canal[J]. Geographical Knowledge, 1955, 8(9):243-278.]
[25] 吴必虎.历史时期苏北平原地理系统研究[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社, 1996:220-228.[WU Bihu. Research on the Geographical System of North Jiangsu Plain in the Historical Period[M]. Shanghai:East China Normal University Press, 1996:220
-228.]
[26] 王鹤, 杨杰. 高邮县志[M]. 南京:江苏人民出版社, 1990:130-139.[WANG He, YANG Jie. Annals of Gaoyou County[M]. Nanjing:Jiangsu People's Press, 1990:130
-139.]
[27] 郭瑞霞, 杨建丽, 刘东燕, 等. 煤热解过程中无机有害元素的变迁规律[J]. 环境科学, 2002, 23(5):100-104.
[GUO Ruixia, YANG Jianli, LIU Dongyan, et al. Transformation of harmful elements during pyrolysis of coal[J].Environmental Science, 2002, 23(5):100-104.]
[28] 何华春, 许叶华, 杨競红,等. 洪泽湖流域沉积物重金属元素的环境记录分析[J]. 第四纪研究, 2007, 27(5):766-774.
[HE Huachun, XU Yehua, YANG Jinghong, et al. Environmental implications of heavy metals from surface sediments in the lake Hongze basin[J].Quaternary Sciences, 2007, 27(5):766-774.]
-
计量
- 文章访问数: 906
- PDF下载数: 5
- 施引文献: 0
下载: