Study on the Effect of Alkaline Leaching Pretreatment of Tellurium-bearing Gold Ore Based on Process Mineralogy
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摘要:
针对某矿山含碲金矿原矿和碱浸预处理后样品，进行了工艺矿物学检测，分别明确了样品中矿石的元素成分、矿物组成及矿物嵌布特征、目标元素赋存状态、目标矿物的粒度分布等情况。研究结果表明，原矿中存在碲金矿，在浸出过程中影响金的浸出率；通过碱浸预处理工艺可将碲金矿氧化，改善金的浸出效果；原矿中细粒级矿物在碱浸过程中被氧化分解为微细粒矿物；碱浸过程中黄铁矿和碲金矿被氧化释放了其中金矿物。说明碱浸对碲金矿预处理效果明显，对含碲金矿石工艺流程的制定具有指导意义。
Abstract:This article was aimed at a certain tellurium-bearing gold ore and its samples after alkaline leaching. Through the process mineralogical analysis of two samples, the elemental composition, mineral composition and minerals of the ore in the sampleswere respectively determined. The characteristics of the embedding, the occurrence state of the target element, the particle size distribution of the target mineral, etc. were reported. The research results showed that the presence of tellurium-bearing gold ore in the raw ore affectedthe leaching rate of gold during the leaching process. The alkaline leaching pretreatment process can oxidize the tellurium-bearing gold ore; the fine-grained minerals in the raw ore were oxidized and decomposed into fine particles during the alkaline leaching process. Granular minerals,during the alkaline leaching process, pyrite and tellurium-bearing gold ore were oxidized to release gold minerals. It is shown that the alkaline leaching pretreatment process has obvious effects on the treatment of tellurium-bearing gold ore, and has guiding significance for the formulation of the process flow of tellurium-bearing gold ore.
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表 1 原矿的多元素分析结果/%
Table 1. Multi-element analysis results of raw ore
Au* Cu Pb Zn Fe S SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO Na2O 15.36 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 4.87 0.75 39.45 6.02 7.69 20.82 0.35 *单位为：g/t。 
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表 2 矿物组成及相对含量
Table 2. Mineral composition and relative content
金属矿物 含量/% 脉石矿物 含量/% 黄铁矿 1.19 石英 19.08 磁黄铁矿 0.26 普通辉石 23.75 磁铁矿 0.20 方解石 13.20 绢云母 9.88 白云石 19.19 符山石 5.29 钙铁榴石 4.16 蒙脱石 1.74 其他 0.04 其他 2.02 合计 100.00
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表 3 样品中Au的分布
Table 3. Distribution of Au in the sample
相别 自然
金中金碲金
矿中金银金
矿中金金银
矿中金自然
银中金合计 品位/（g·t-1） 3.94 4.68 2.84 3.80 0.10 15.36 分布/% 25.62 30.50 18.48 24.72 0.68 100.00
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表 4 样品中金矿物粒度分析
Table 4. Particle size analysis table of gold minerals in samples
粒级/μm 含量/% 累积量/% 中粒-74+37 0 0 细粒-37+10 56.42 56.42 微细 -10+5 35.57 91.99 -5 8.01 100.00 平均粒径 12.64
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表 5 样品中金矿物赋存状态分析结果
Table 5. Analysis results of the occurrence state of gold minerals in samples
赋存类别 包裹金 裸露金 合计 单体 连生 晶间 含量/% 2.83 19.56 77.61 0.00 100.00
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表 6 样品中主要金矿物嵌布程度统计
Table 6. Statistics of the degree of intercalation of the main gold minerals in the samples
矿物 单体/% 共生体/% 合计/% 黄铁矿 方解石 白云石 石英 金矿物 19.56 6.35 29.15 27.83 17.11 100.00
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表 7 碱浸预处理后样品的多元素分析结果/%
Table 7. Multi-element analysis results of samples after alkaline leaching pretreatment
Au* Cu Pb Zn Fe S SiO2 Al2O3 MgO CaO Na2O 15.75 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 2.54 0.27 40.54 1.77 5.02 23.58 0.22 *单位为g/t。
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表 8 矿物组成及相对含量
Table 8. Mineral composition and relative content
金属矿物 含量/% 脉石矿物 含量/% 黄铁矿 0.80 石英 28.10 磁铁矿 0.14 灰硅钙石 12.20 方解石 19.17 绢云母 3.30 白云石 21.29 符山石 2.94 香花石 2.33 其他 0.07 其他 9.66 小计 1.01 小计 98.99 合计 100.00
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表 9 样品中Au的分布结果
Table 9. Distribution results of Au in samples
分相 自然金中金 金银矿中金 合计 品位/（g·t-1） 10.66 5.09 15.75 分布率/% 67.69 32.31 100.00
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表 10 样品中金矿物粒度分析
Table 10. Particle size analysis of gold minerals in samples
粒级/μm 含量/% 累积量/% 中粒-74+37 0 0 细粒-37+10 36.51 36.51 微细 -10+5 52.93 89.44 -5 10.56 100.00 平均粒径 9.83
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表 11 样品中主要金矿物嵌布程度统计
Table 11. Statistics of the degree of intercalation of the main gold minerals in samples
矿物 单体/% 共生体/% 合计/% 黄铁矿 方解石 白云石 石英 金矿物 35.83 - 41.34 13.52 9.31 100.00
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