Study on the Application of X - ray Separation Technology in Phosphate Mine Dressing
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摘要:
本文介绍了磷矿选矿现状和问题，介绍了X射线分选技术的原理及应用现状，对其在磷矿中的应用进行了详细的介绍和数据分析。X射线分选技术是无水分选，工艺流程简单，可解决因磷矿石品位低选矿比高，重介质选矿介质消耗大，造成传统选矿方法成本高，同时对环境产生不良影响等问题。提出了提高磷矿X射线分选技术精准化的方法，并对该技术在磷矿领域的应用前景进行了展望。
Abstract:This paper introduces the present situation and problems of phosphate mine dressing, introduces the principle and application status of X-ray separation technology, and gives a detailed introduction and data analysis of the application in phosphate mine dressing. X-ray separation technology is non-water separation and simple process, it can solve the problems such as high flotation ratio of low grade phosphate ore, high consumption of heavy medium, high cost and bad influence on environment. Proposes some methods to improve the precision of X-ray separation technology of phosphate rock, and prospects the application prospect of this technology of phosphate.
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Key words:
- Phosphorus rock /
- X-ray separation /
- Phosphorus mine dressing /
- Precision separation
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表 1 X射线智能分选机分选金属矿石实例
Table 1. X-ray intelligent separator separation of metal ore examples
矿石类型 粒级/mm 产品名称 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 湖南锡矿山锑矿（Sb） 15~100 粗精矿 30.10 4.70 95.29 尾矿 69.90 0.10 4.71 原矿 100.00 1.49 100.00 江西章源钨矿（WO3） 15~50 粗精矿 20.34 5.10 97.02 尾矿 79.66 0.04 2.98 原矿 100.00 1.06 100.00 云南某锡矿（Sn） 15~90 粗精矿 29.84 0.60 96.23 尾矿 70.16 0.01 3.77 原矿 100.00 0.19 100.00 湖南某金矿（Au，g/t） 15~60 粗精矿 33.12 7.54 88.40 尾矿 66.88 0.49 11.60 原矿 100.00 2.80 100.00 青海某铜矿（Cu） 8~75 粗精矿 61.78 1.93 98.27 尾矿 38.22 0.05 1.73 原矿 100.00 1.19 100.00 辽宁某铅锌矿 +8-75mm Pb Zn Pb Zn 粗精矿 47.81 3.08 5.33 96.44 96.82 尾矿 52.19 0.10 0.16 3.56 3.18 原矿 100.00 1.53 2.63 100.00 100.00 
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表 2 X射线智能分选技术分选萤石实例
Table 2. X-ray intelligent sorting technology of fluorite examples
矿石类型 分选粒级/mm 原矿 精矿指标/% 尾矿指标/% 品位/% 产率 品位 回收率 产率 品位 回收率 江西某萤石矿 +10-75 51.24 67．00 71.92 93.77 33.00 9.62 6.23 承德萤石废石 +10-50 17.40 46.00 30.07 80.21 54.00 6.70 19.79
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表 3 对比实验结果
Table 3. Comparison test results
实验流程 精矿指标/% 尾矿指标/% 产率 品位 回收率 产率 品位 回收率 正-反浮选 51.62 30.56 80.61 48.38 7.84 19.39 X射线-反浮选 45.57 34.58 80.52 54.43 7.00 19.48
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表 4 宜昌磷矿原矿化学多项分析/%
Table 4. Chemical analysis of Yichang Phosphate
P2O5 MgO SiO2 CaO CO2 Fe2O3 Al2O3 F K2O Na2O 22.07 6.09 16.51 37.57 8.31 1.13 2.95 2.13 1.76 0.41
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表 5 宜昌磷矿X射线分选实验结果
Table 5. X-ray separation test results of Yichang Phosphate
序号 粒级/mm 原矿品位/% 精矿指标 尾矿指标 产率/% P2O5品位/% MgO含量/% SiO2含量/% 回收率/% 产率/% P2O5品位/% 回收率/% 1 +8-50 19.95 58.20 27.85 2.79 10.19 81.23 41.80 8.96 18.77 2 +8-50 20.47 47.90 31.09 1.91 9.76 72.76 52.10 10.70 27.24 3 +8-25 21.89 58.37 29.71 2.43 10.17 79.22 41.63 10.93 27.06 4 +25-50 16.72 31.47 28.49 2.73 12.07 53.61 68.53 11.32 46.39
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表 6 杉树垭磷矿X射线分选实验结果
Table 6. Results of X-ray separation test of Shanshuya phosphate
分选粒级/mm 原矿 精矿指标 尾矿指标 品位/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% -50+15 16.85 42.71 27.22 68.99 57.29 9.12 31.01 -25+15 17.78 52.28 25.64 75.39 47.72 9.17 24.61 -40+10 19.48 55.73 27.47 78.59 44.27 9.42 21.41 -50+10 20.54 55.22 28.60 76.89 44.78 10.60 23.11 -50+10 20.32 63.49 26.15 81.71 36.51 10.18 18.29 -50+10 21.89 58.36 29.71 79.21 41.64 10.93 20.79
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表 7 杉树垭磷矿 精矿、尾矿筛分分析结果
Table 7. Screening analysis results of Shanshuya phosphate concentrate and tailings
筛分粒级/mm 精矿筛析 尾矿筛析 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% -10 7.51 20.99 5.55 4.23 14.79 5.99 +10-20 18.26 29.35 18.87 14.99 9.74 13.98 +20-30 42.66 29.26 43.95 31.16 8.92 26.60 +30-40 19.17 27.90 18.83 24.73 13.48 31.91 +40-50 12.39 29.32 12.79 24.89 9.03 21.51 合计 100.00 28.40 100.00 100.00 10.45 100.00
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表 8 杉树垭磷矿精矿、尾矿手选分析结果
Table 8. Results of manual separation analysis of Shanshuya phosphate concentrate and tailings
含磷矿物比例/% 精矿 尾矿 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 产率/% 品位/% 回收率/% 90 50.60 32.84 58.51 -- -- -- 70 18.87 27.54 18.30 12.65 25.09 30.37 50 15.89 25.13 14.06 19.53 16.17 30.23 10 7.12 14.26 3.58 63.59 5.49 33.41 -10 7.51 20.99 5.55 4.23 14.79 5.99 合计 100.00 28.40 100.00 100.00 10.45 100.00
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