A New Process of Leaching Copper and Cobalt from Copper Cobalt Oxide Ore in DR Congo
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摘要:
这是一篇冶金工程领域的文章。刚果（金）某铜钴矿为氧化矿，铜钴含量分别为Cu 3.43%和Co 0.42%。本文采用浸出液五级循环浸出工艺浸出铜和钴，在硫酸用量为矿石质量的7.4%、亚硫酸钠用量为理论量的1.68倍、磨矿粒度-74 μm 75%、浸出温度45 ℃、浸出液固体积质量比2/1～3/1、单级浸出时间4 h的实验条件下，铜浸出率96.85%、钴浸出率95.67%。该工艺在确保铜钴浸出率的情况下，比一级浸出降低硫酸用量6 kg/t、浸出过程总溶液量减少约1/4，降低了酸耗、减少了后续钴沉淀和铜萃取处理液量。
Abstract:This is an article in the field of metallurgical engineering. A copper cobalt ore Congo is an oxide ore with Cu 3.43% and Co 0.42% respectively. In this paper, the five stage cycle leaching process of leaching solution was used for the copper and cobalt leaching. The optimum conditions were as follows: the amount of sulfuric acid was 7.4% of the ore mass, the amount of sodium sulfite was 1.68 times of the theoretical amount, the grinding particle size of -74 μm accounts for 75%, leaching temperature was 45 ℃, the single-stage leaching time was 4 hours, and the liquid-solid volume mass ratio was between 2/1 and 3/1, the results showed that the leaching rate of copper and cobalt were 96.85% and 95.67% respectively. According to this leaching process, the amount of sulfuric acid was reduced by 6 kg/t compared with the primary leaching, and the total solution amount in the leaching process was reduced by about 1/4, which made the amount of subsequent cobalt precipitation and copper extraction solution was reduced.
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表 1 铜钴氧化矿石铜钴物相分析结果
Table 1. Phase analysis result of copper and cobalt in copper cobalt oxide ore
铜物相 氧化铜 次生硫化铜 原生硫化铜 含量/% 3.19 0.0055 0.0069 钴物相 氧化物中钴 硫化物中钴 难容脉石中钴 含量/% 0.42 0.011 0.0028 
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表 2 铜钴氧化矿石主要组成%
Table 2. Main chemical components of copper-cobalt oxide ore
SiO2 Al2O3 Mg Fe Cu Co Ni Mn 73.47 11.44 0.98 2.95 3.43 0.42 0.001 0.059
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表 3 浸出液多级循环浸出探索实验结果
Table 3. Results of multi-stage cyclic leaching of leach solution
类别 名称
液固体积质量比1级
2/12级
2.2/13级
2.4/14级
2.5/15级
3/16级
4/1探索实验1
（1～5级浸出液先预处理原料0.5 h、再浸出4 h）硫酸/矿石量% 8 8 8 8 6 6 预处理后pH值 / 3.56 3.38 3.21 3.21 3.00 浸出终点pH值 1.73 1.59 1.44 1.25 1.50 1.61 Cu浸出率/% 93.53 96.23 96.22 96.49 96.77 95.40 Co浸出率/% 94.05 96.26 96.26 96.47 96.70 93.37 硫酸/矿石量% 8 8 8 8 6 6 探索实验2
（浸出4 h）浸出终点pH值 1.67 1.42 1.28 1.19 1.38 1.60 Cu浸出率/% 96.50 96.77 97.05 97.04 97.05 95.86 Co浸出率/% 95.38 96.26 96.28 96.04 96.27 94.20 注：矿石粒度-74 μm 75%、浸出温度45 ℃，亚硫酸钠用量为理论量的1.68倍。
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表 4 五级循环浸出实验硫酸用量实验结果
Table 4. Test results of sulfuric acid consumption in five stage cyclic leaching test
名称 1级 2级 3级 4级 5级 平均 硫酸/矿石量/% 8 7 6 6 7 6.8 浸出终点pH值 1.77 1.66 1.94 2.18 1.94 Cu浸出率/% 96.53 95.98 93.26 86.71 92.73 93.04 Co浸出率/% 94.56 95.41 90.32 86.93 89.88 91.42 硫酸/矿石量/% 8 7.5 7 6.5 6 7 浸出终点pH值 1.66 1.56 1.59 1.84 2.15 Cu浸出率/% 96.24 96.51 96.53 94.87 91.71 95.17 Co浸出率/% 95.18 96.50 96.07 93.61 87.58 93.79 硫酸/矿石量/% 8 8 8 7 6 7.4 浸出终点pH值 1.60 1.43 1.27 1.26 1.50 Cu浸出率/% 97.04 97.31 97.43 96.70 96.75 97.06 Co浸出率/% 95.17 96.26 96.50 96.48 96.02 96.09 硫酸/矿石量/% 8 8 8 8 6 7.6 浸出终点pH值 1.67 1.42 1.28 1.19 1.38 Cu浸出率/% 96.50 96.77 97.05 97.04 97.05 96.88 Co浸出率/% 95.38 96.26 96.28 96.04 96.27 96.05
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表 5 浸出液主要组分含量对比
Table 5. Comparison of main components in leaching solution
名称 浸出液/
LCu/
(g/L)Co/
(g/L)Fe3+/
(mg/L)Fe2+/
(mg/L)pH值 一级浸出液 0.21 8.33 0.95 181.6 3.25 1.93 五级循环浸出液 0.79 11.30 1.40 216.4 6.41 1.95
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