Distribution State of Zinc and the Rare Elements Gallium and Germanium in a Zinc Ore
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摘要:
这是一篇工艺矿物学领域的论文。采用化学分析、显微镜分析和MLA矿物自动定量检测技术，对国内某锌矿石中锌及伴生稀散元素镓、锗的赋存状态和主要载体矿物的嵌布特征进行详细研究。结果表明，该锌矿石中含Zn 4.87%、Ga 4.10 g/t、Ge 59.00 g/t，未发现稀散元素镓、锗的独立矿物，镓、锗主要赋存在闪锌矿中。从该矿石中分选闪锌矿（包含异极矿），锌、镓、锗的理论回收率分别为95%、56%、93%左右。少部分微细粒状胶态闪锌矿不易获得解离，易损失于尾矿中，对锌的回收率有一定影响。
Abstract:This is an article in the field of process mineralogy. The occurrence of zinc, associated dispersed elements Ga and Ge and the distribution characteristics of the main carrier minerals of a zinc ore in China are studied in detail by means of chemical analysis, microscope analysis and MLA mineral automatic quantitative technology.The results indicate that the zinc ore contains Zn 4.87%, Ga 4.10 g/t and Ge 59.00 g/t, no independent minerals of dispersed elements Ga and Geare found, Ga and Ge mainly occur in sphalerite. The theoretical recovery of Zn, Ga and Ge from sphalerite (including hemimorphite) are about 95%, 56% and 93% respectively. A small part of colloidal and fine grained sphalerite is difficult to obtain dissociation and easy to be lost in tailings, which has a certain effect on the recovery of zinc.
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Key words:
- Process mineralogy /
- Zinc ore /
- Dispersed elements /
- Ga and Ge /
- MLA /
- Occurrence state
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表 1 矿物组成测定结果
Table 1. Mineral composition quantitative results
矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 矿物 含量/% 闪锌矿 6.796 中长石 0.024 钛铁矿 0.001 异极矿 1.038 白云母 0.300 磁铁矿 0.011 锌白云石 0.698 黑云母 0.052 褐铁矿 0.392 锌铁尖晶石 0.021 钙铝榴石 0.014 菱铁矿 0.027 白铁矿 2.349 电气石 0.019 方解石 0.224 磁黄铁矿 0.025 高岭土 0.099 白云石 68.871 毒砂 0.006 锆石 0.005 磷灰石 0.014 方铅矿 0.008 铬铁矿 0.001 重晶石 0.094 石英 18.572 金红石 0.013 其他 0.242 钾长石 0.074 白钛石 0.010 合计 100.000 
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表 2 样品中Zn、Ga、Ge的平衡分配
Table 2. Distribution of Zn,Ga,Ge in ore
矿物 矿物含量
/%Zn含量
/%Ga 含量/（g/t） Ge 含量
/（g/t）Zn分配率
/%Ga 分配率
/%Ge分配率
/%闪锌矿 6.796 62.04 30.70 704.00 84.41 56.48 93.48 异极矿 1.038 51.80 10.76 白铁矿 2.349 0.57 3.16 14.01 0.27 1.74 0.56 脉石 88.968 0.25 2.00 3.95 4.45 41.78 5.96 褐铁矿 0.392 1.36 - - 0.11 - - 其他 0.457 - - - - - - 合计 100.000 5.00 4.26 58.99 100.00 100.00 100.00
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