摘要:
利用传统人工示踪剂峰值方法评价地下水入渗补给存在精度低和适用性差等缺点。为此,本文提出了多区模型方法,采用保守型示踪剂溴和氚对河北栾城和衡水地区进行了不同土地利用方式和不同深度下地下水入渗补给评价。结果表明,栾城和衡水地区地下水入渗补给量分别为124.3 mm/a和13.7 mm/a,与传统方法(103.3 mm/a和0.0 mm/a)相比,多区模型方法的评价结果更符合实际。同时对由优先流引起的地下水入渗补给量进行了分析,栾城和衡水地区优先流程度分别为28.7%和2.3%。秸秆覆盖抑制降雨或灌溉水入渗补给地下水,降低优先流程度,而植被覆盖有利于土壤水优先流的形成。地下水入渗补给量及其优先流程度与示踪深度均无明显相关性,且受土壤结构控制。
Abstract:
The traditional method of the applied tracer for estimating the groundwater recharge according to the peak of tracer’s concentration in soil profile has encountered the problem of precision and application. Therefore, the multi-regions method was suggested in this paper to estimate the groundwater recharge using the applied tracers, i.e., bromide and tritium, on the conditions of different land utilizations and depths, in Luancheng and Hengshui areas of Hebei Province. The results showed that the groundwater recharges of Luancheng and Hengshui areas were 124.3 mm/a and 13.7 mm/a, respectively, and the percentages of preferential flow were 28.7%and 2.3%, respectively, which indicated that the results of the multi-regions method were more reasonable than the traditional method. Moreover, the straw mulch restrained the infiltration of precipitation or irrigation, and reduced the preferential flow. However, the plants, i.e., corn, wheat, and grass, improved the preferential flow. The groundwater recharge and preferential flow which were controlled by the soil structure showed no clear relationship with injected depths.
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