Abstract: Along the geochemical transect across the Xingmeng Orogenic Belt and the North China Craton, 14 sediments indicators, i.e., SiO2, Al2O3, CaO, MgO, Na2O, K2O, TFe2O3, FeO, TiO2, MnO, P2O5, CO2, H2O+ and pH, were chosen and, on such a basis, statistical analysis was conducted for different secondary tectonic units, geographical landscape units, soil type units and rainfall units so as to obtain an overall knowledge of the transect data. The spatial distribution of the values of these indicators was plotted on the diagram, and the chemical indexes of their alteration were also investigated. Some conclusions have been reached: As the main body elements of sediments, the content and spatial distribution of SiO2and Al2O3 exhibit a significant negative correlation between the Xingmeng Orogenic Belt and the North China Craton. The high content distribution of CaO, MgO, CO2 is related to carbonate rocks or soil containing carbonate minerals, and MgO high content is also related to mafic basic-ultrabasic rocks, implying that the high values of the three indicators are greatly influenced by the specific lithology or minerals. Not only the inheritance from the bedrock but also the complex combination of factors such as the late weathering, climate or their own geochemical characteristics are affecting the content of Na2O and K2O, especially that of Na2O. Compared with things of the area with complicated geological background, the discrepancy variation of the content of TFe2O3, MnO, TiO2, P2O5 becomes smaller in the alluvial plain area after sediments mixing. Relatively cold and dry weather conditions of semi-arid grasslands of Inner Mongolia are conducive to the presence of FeO, and therefore the discrepancy variation of FeO content is smaller than that of TFe2O3in the Yanshan area; However, in the south of Zhangqiu County area, relatively warm humid climate conditions are more susceptible to oxidation for FeO, resulting in a lower overall content of FeO. Under the northern dry and cold climate conditions, H2O+ content in sediments is generally low, and the high H2O+content is in carbonate formation or Quaternary distribution area. The pH values reflect the sediment alkaline characteristics, but in the south of Zhangqiu County area, under the conditions of the increase of rainfall and relatively warm and humid climate, the sediment’s pH value is neutral to weak acid. The CIA values reflect low degree of chemical weathering of sediments under the cold, dry weather condition, and hence the average degree of weathering of discrepancy variation sediments of the Xingmeng orogenic belt is small relative to the North China Cration, suggesting that the weathering factors such as rainfall and temperature in Xingmeng orogenic belt is relatively small. As a quantitative indicator of the geochemical affinity of the elements, the ionic potential can help to understand the difference of the content and spatial distribution of the elements in the sediments.