Isotopic Characteristics of S, Pb, and C-H-O in Major Lead-zinc Deposits in China and Their Genetic Significance
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摘要: 铅、锌是重要的矿产资源, 在工业生产中发挥着至关重要的作用。S、Pb、C-H-O同位素地球化学可以用来解释成矿物质来源、成矿流体来源及矿床成因等地质问题。对铅锌矿床的稳定同位素研究自20世纪80年代至今已取得丰硕成果, 为从单矿种角度进行全国性的总结奠定了良好基础。本文基于全国重要铅锌矿床的相关硫、铅、氢、氧、碳同位素近万条数据进行分析, 结果显示, 中国铅锌矿床的S、Pb同位素特征揭示其成矿物质来源复杂, 主要为深源岩浆和赋矿地层(海水沉积物), H-O、C-O同位素特征表明中国铅锌矿床的成矿流体中的水主要为岩浆水和大气降水, 而成矿流体中的碳主要来源于岩浆和海相碳酸盐岩。S同位素的空间分布特征显示, 从我国西部到东部地区, 北部到南部地区, 铅锌矿床的32S趋于富集, 表明我国东部和南部铅锌矿床有更多壳源物质参与成矿。C-H-O同位素特征显示相较于西北部地区, 我国东南部地区的铅锌矿床有更多大气降水或盆地卤水参与成矿。Abstract: As significant mineral resources, lead and zinc play a vital role in industrial production.The S, Pb, C-H-O isotopic geochemistry can be employed to explain geological issues such as the material sources of rocks and ores, ore-forming fluids, and their genesis.Extensive research on the stable isotopes of lead-zinc deposits since the 1980s has yielded fruitful results, laying a good foundation for a national summary from the perspective of a single mineral species.This paper synthesizes 10 000 datasets of S, Pb, H, O and C isotopes related to important Pb-Zn deposits in China, and the results show that the S and Pb isotopic characteristics of China’s lead-zinc deposits indicate a complex source of ore-forming materials, primarily deep-source magma and host strata (marine sediments).The H-O and C-O isotopic characteristics suggest that the water in the ore-forming fluids of China’s lead-zinc deposits mainly originates from magmatic water and meteoric water, while the C in these fluids mainly stems from magma and marine carbonate rocks.The spatial distribution patterns of S and Pb isotopes reveal that from west to east and north to south in China, lead-zinc deposits are richer in ³²S, indicating a greater involvement of crustal materials in the mineralization processes of deposits in the eastern and southern regions.The C-H-O isotopic characteristics suggest that, compared to the northwestern regions, the lead-zinc deposits in southeastern China have more atmospheric precipitation or basin brines participating in mineralization.
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Key words:
- lead-zinc ore /
- S isotope /
- Pb isotope /
- C-H-O isotope /
- geochemistry
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