Age and petro-geochemistry of High-aluminum basalts from northern Zhaosu County of Xinjiang The sign to convergent margins of Early Carboniferous plate in West Tianshan
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摘要:
西天山乌孙山南坡赛克散萨依一带出露的早石炭世杜内阶大哈拉军山组火山岩,LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为355.1±4.0 Ma。火山岩岩石类型主要为玄武岩和少量钠质粗面玄武岩(夏威夷岩),SiO2含量为45.04%~49.84%,Na2O含量为2.36%~4.63%,K2O含量为0.35%~2.31%,Na2O/K2O值为2.00~8.69,表明均属钠质火山岩;Al2O3含量集中在16.01%~17.15%之间,以偏碱性的高铝质玄武岩为主,有少量碱性玄武岩。火山岩稀土元素总量为94.71×10-6~127.2×10-6,(La/Yb)N值为2.41~4.07,δEu值为0.99~1.15,具有轻、重稀土元素分馏明显的右倾式配分型式。大离子亲石元素较洋脊玄武岩富集,存在明显的Th-U槽和Nb-Ta槽。高场强元素多数与洋脊玄武岩接近,TiO2的亏损不显著,K2O明显富集。玄武岩的演化具有典型的拉斑质玄武岩经分离结晶作用形成的铁富集演化趋势,且以辉石和斜长石为主要的分离结晶矿物,橄榄石的分离结晶作用不明显。高铝质玄武岩的确定,是早石炭世伊犁地区中天山板块汇聚构造环境的标志,与现今高铝质火山岩产出构造环境对比认为,这些火山岩形成于大陆边缘岛弧,其构造位置可能为俯冲带上的第二火山链;火山岩浆则可能由俯冲带上流体交代的富集地幔部分熔融形成。
Abstract:Basalts and sodic trachybasalts are the main rocks outcropped in the south of Wusunshan in western Tianshan Mountains.LA-ICP-MS analysis on the Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks of Dahalajunshan Group yields an U-Pb age of 355.1±4.0 Ma.These volcanic rocks are characterized by SiO2 45.04%~49.84%, Na2O 2.36%~4.63%, and K2O 0.35%~2.31%, high ratios of Na2O/K2O (2.00~8.69) and high contents of Al2O3 (16.01%~17.15%), suggesting that they are sodic and high alumina basalts with small amount of alkaline basalts.The total rare earth contents, (La/Yb)N and δEu of volcanic rocks range from 94.71×10-6to 127.2×10-6, from 2.41 to 4.07 and from 0.99 to 1.1 respectively.The REE patterns are characterized by enriched LREE and relatively depleted HREE, with weak positive Eu anomaly, which is in accordance with high sodic plagioclase contents in rocks.Enriched large-ion-lithophile elements (LILE), such as Ba and K, depleted high-field-strength elements (HFSE), such as Nb-Ta, Th-U and Ti, and the magmatic evolution trend suggest that these rocks belong to typical island arc tholeiitic series, which have experienced pyroxene and feldspar fractionation.The determination of high alumina basalts is the sign to convergent margin of early Carboniferous plate in West Tianshan.Therefore, it is considered that these basaltic rocks were formed at continental arc setting and could be in the second volcanic chain.And then, the basaltic magma might be formed by partial melting of enriched metasomatic mantle upon subduction zone.
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图 1 乌孙山一带地质简图(据参考文献[43]修改)
Figure 1.
图 9 赛克散萨依大哈拉军山组火山岩构造环境判别图[123]
Figure 9.
表 1 昭苏赛克散萨依剖面玄武岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素年龄分析结果
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb analyses of zircon from basalt in Saikesayi section
测点编号 元素含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/
206Pb1σ 207Pb/
235U1σ 206Pb/
238U1σ 208Pb/
232Th1σ 207Pb/
206Pb1σ 207Pb/
235U1σ 206Pb/
238U1σ 208Pb/
232Th1σ 11LK02-1-03 378 427 0.88 0.0572 0.0015 0.4455 0.0106 0.0564 0.0004 0.0180 0.0002 501 56 374 7 354 3 360 4 11LK02-1-04 243 318 0.76 0.0580 0.0015 0.4540 0.0108 0.0568 0.0005 0.0185 0.0002 530 56 380 8 356 3 371 4 11LK02-1-05 193 298 0.65 0.0566 0.0021 0.4491 0.0160 0.0575 0.0006 0.0192 0.0004 477 81 377 11 360 4 384 7 11LK02-1-06 169 268 0.63 0.0560 0.0014 0.4346 0.0104 0.0563 0.0004 0.0176 0.0002 450 56 366 7 353 3 353 5 11LK02-1-07 243 368 0.66 0.0564 0.0014 0.4384 0.0097 0.0564 0.0004 0.0177 0.0002 466 53 369 7 354 3 354 4 11LK02-1-08 236 362 0.65 0.0560 0.0013 0.4262 0.0093 0.0552 0.0004 0.0178 0.0002 452 52 360 7 346 3 357 4 11LK02-1-09 158 282 0.56 0.0562 0.0012 0.4428 0.0088 0.0572 0.0004 0.0175 0.0002 458 48 372 6 358 2 350 4 11LK02-1-10 126 216 0.59 0.0551 0.0018 0.4169 0.0130 0.0549 0.0005 0.0170 0.0003 417 72 354 9 344 3 341 6 11LK02-1-13 181 274 0.66 0.0563 0.0013 0.4488 0.0096 0.0579 0.0004 0.0177 0.0002 462 51 376 7 363 3 354 4 11LK02-1-14 339 637 0.53 0.0555 0.0012 0.4292 0.0081 0.0561 0.0004 0.0185 0.0002 431 46 363 6 352 2 371 4 11LK02-1-15 99.1 200 0.49 0.0564 0.0020 0.4509 0.0150 0.0580 0.0006 0.0184 0.0004 466 76 378 10 364 4 370 8 11LK02-1-16 169 253 0.67 0.0544 0.0013 0.4354 0.0093 0.0581 0.0004 0.0174 0.0002 387 51 367 7 364 3 349 4 11LK02-1-17 132 213 0.62 0.0609 0.0018 0.4787 0.0136 0.0570 0.0005 0.0182 0.0003 635 64 397 9 358 3 365 6 11LK02-1-18 108 208 0.52 0.0556 0.0019 0.4349 0.0140 0.0567 0.0006 0.0174 0.0003 437 74 367 10 356 3 348 7 11LK02-1-19 129 222 0.58 0.0568 0.0015 0.4380 0.0106 0.0560 0.0004 0.0167 0.0002 482 57 369 8 351 3 334 5 11LK02-1-21 135 243 0.55 0.0641 0.0017 0.4994 0.0126 0.0565 0.0005 0.0196 0.0003 746 56 411 9 354 3 392 6 11LK02-1-22 190 382 0.50 0.0586 0.0015 0.4543 0.0108 0.0562 0.0004 0.0179 0.0003 552 55 380 8 353 3 358 5 11LK02-1-24 122 200 0.61 0.0630 0.0019 0.4960 0.0140 0.0570 0.0005 0.0188 0.0003 710 63 409 10 358 3 376 6 11LK02-1-25 100 208 0.48 0.0564 0.0018 0.4433 0.0135 0.0570 0.0005 0.0181 0.0003 466 70 373 10 358 3 363 7 11LK02-1-26 39.1 69.9 0.56 0.0581 0.0023 0.4680 0.0181 0.0584 0.0006 0.0191 0.0004 533 86 390 12 366 4 382 8 11LK02-1-27 166 257 0.65 0.0599 0.0013 0.4847 0.0096 0.0587 0.0004 0.0191 0.0002 598 47 401 7 368 3 383 4 11LK02-1-29 108 222 0.49 0.0601 0.0014 0.4716 0.0101 0.0569 0.0004 0.0191 0.0002 608 50 392 7 357 3 382 5 11LK02-1-30 146 285 0.51 0.0576 0.0013 0.4491 0.0092 0.0566 0.0004 0.0179 0.0002 514 49 377 6 355 3 358 5 11LK02-1-31 99.1 196 0.51 0.0562 0.0015 0.4336 0.0108 0.0560 0.0005 0.0178 0.0003 458 58 366 8 351 3 357 5 11LK02-1-32 198 380 0.52 0.0556 0.0011 0.4382 0.0076 0.0571 0.0004 0.0171 0.0002 437 43 369 5 358 3 343 4 表 2 赛克散萨依剖面火山岩主量、微量和稀土元素化学组成及CIPW标准矿物含量
Table 2. Major, trace and rare earth element contents and CIPW norm of volcanic rocks from Saikesayi section
元素 粗面玄武岩 玄武岩 玄武岩 玄武岩 粗面玄武岩 玄武岩 玄武岩 玄武岩 玄武岩 11LK01-1 11LK01-2 11LK01-3 11LK01-4 11LK01-5 11LK01-6 11LK01-7 11LK02-1 11LK02-3 SiO2 49.52 45.06 45.14 45.04 46.1 45.96 45.46 45.93 45.84 TiO2 1.22 1.83 1.85 1.89 1.61 1.75 1.50 1.57 1.41 Al2O3 16.32 16.58 17.15 16.76 15.27 17.00 16.41 16.01 16.74 Fe2O3 6.25 11.02 10.73 9.03 10.64 9.87 9.22 8.75 5.28 FeO 3.02 2.13 2.62 3.98 1.17 2.3 1.97 2.37 4.72 MnO 0.16 0.15 0.13 0.19 0.18 0.14 0.16 0.16 0.18 MgO 7.71 6.28 5.7 6.3 6.91 5.97 7.54 7.06 8.94 CaO 6.05 9.23 9.27 9.01 7.42 9.57 9.62 7.28 8.25 Na2O 3.93 2.81 3.04 2.77 3.96 3.1 2.67 4.00 2.36 K2O 1.06 0.35 0.35 0.35 1.22 0.6 0.44 0.65 0.36 P2O5 0.34 0.39 0.39 0.4 0.4 0.43 0.37 0.38 0.29 烧失量 4.39 4.1 3.59 4.29 5.09 3.26 4.56 5.8 5.6 总计 99.97 99.93 99.96 100.01 99.97 99.95 99.92 99.96 99.97 Alk 4.99 3.16 3.39 3.12 5.18 3.7 3.11 4.65 2.72 Mg# 0.62 0.48 0.46 0.48 0.54 0.49 0.57 0.55 0.63 Pb 3.5 2.75 2.5 2.63 0.68 4.85 2.24 3.44 1.32 Zn 79.4 94.8 101 95.8 95.5 86.7 84.9 84.4 78.8 Cr 170 52.4 49.1 48.7 122 151 166 164 175 Ni 113 96.1 102 93.6 105 114 130 132 131 Co 37 46 46.9 45.5 42.4 40.8 42.4 43.3 43.7 Li 16.9 8.17 8.62 11.6 28 21.5 29.2 48.9 41.2 Rb 20.4 4.07 4.37 3.44 25.2 10.1 6.95 17.2 3.83 Cs 0.36 0.12 0.14 0.24 0.28 0.14 0.093 0.27 0.26 Mo 0.63 0.69 0.68 0.61 0.97 0.84 0.62 0.75 0.31 Sr 615 388 415 434 910 497 441 1090 320 Ba 256 126 149 135 297 254 130 194 116 V 153 230 244 237 118 239 199 212 224 Sc 22.8 25.4 27.7 24.4 28.1 32.3 26.4 27.1 28.3 Nb 4.99 4.46 4.79 4.38 4.26 4.73 4.20 4.64 3.11 Ta 0.43 0.42 0.44 0.41 0.39 0.38 0.33 0.35 0.26 Zr 129 143 150 144 120 127 115 128 103 Hf 2.68 3.03 3.18 3.05 2.53 2.75 2.29 2.71 2.29 Ga 16.8 17.2 19.9 17.6 14.9 17.5 17.6 15.8 17 U 0.35 0.19 0.18 0.16 0.11 0.17 0.13 0.13 0.2 Th 1.45 0.82 0.55 0.48 0.39 0.45 0.61 0.58 0.54 La 13.4 10.3 11 10.4 8.68 11.2 10.4 11 8.41 Ce 31 28.1 29.1 27.8 24.8 28.8 25.8 28.2 21 Pr 4.45 4.34 4.38 4.27 3.66 4.42 3.79 4.09 3.13 Nd 19.3 20.5 22 21 18.1 21 18.6 20.2 15.3 Sm 4.61 5.36 5.66 5.73 4.96 5.57 4.42 4.99 4.32 Eu 1.51 1.84 1.98 1.9 1.63 1.89 1.7 1.68 1.55 Gd 4.58 5.44 5.72 5.65 4.83 5.53 4.5 4.83 4.28 Tb 0.74 0.87 0.91 0.87 0.76 0.82 0.67 0.81 0.67 Dy 4.53 5.67 5.72 5.72 4.87 5.43 4.65 5.12 4.74 Ho 0.99 1.14 1.26 1.13 1.04 1.18 0.95 1.12 0.96 Er 2.54 3.23 3.28 3.18 2.81 3.12 2.52 2.95 2.51 Tm 0.37 0.48 0.52 0.47 0.43 0.43 0.39 0.42 0.37 Yb 2.22 2.86 3.08 2.88 2.4 2.71 2.32 2.6 2.32 Lu 0.37 0.44 0.5 0.47 0.38 0.37 0.36 0.39 0.35 Y 24.5 29.4 32.1 29.8 26.5 28.6 25.1 27.2 24.8 ∑REE 115.1 120.0 127.2 121.3 105.9 121.1 106.2 115.6 94.7 (La/Yb)N 4.07 2.43 2.41 2.43 2.44 2.79 3.02 2.85 2.44 (La/Sm)N 1.83 1.21 1.22 1.14 1.10 1.26 1.48 1.39 1.22 (Gd/Yb)N 1.66 1.53 1.50 1.58 1.62 1.65 1.57 1.50 1.49 δEu 0.99 1.03 1.05 1.01 1.01 1.03 1.16 1.03 1.09 Q 0.00 1.86 1.28 2.16 0.00 0.39 0.35 0.00 0.52 An 24.82 32.93 33.28 33.66 21.35 31.71 32.98 25.25 36.01 Ab 34.75 24.78 26.66 24.46 35.05 27.1 23.66 35.9 21.14 Or 6.56 2.16 2.15 2.16 7.61 3.67 2.73 4.08 2.26 Ne 0 0 0 0 0.12 0 0 0 0 Di 3.50 9.71 9.40 8.25 11.66 11.51 11.51 8.36 4.38 Hy 18.21 11.89 10.44 12.64 0 10.11 14.44 4.87 24.07 Ol 0.23 0 0 0 8.97 0 0 7.00 0 Il 2.43 3.63 3.65 3.75 0 3.44 2.99 3.17 2.84 Mt 7.03 2.14 3.63 8.32 4.59 2.89 2.64 3.83 8.11 he 1.69 10.03 8.63 3.7 8.05 8.22 7.85 6.65 0 Ap 0.78 0.89 0.88 0.91 0.92 0.97 0.85 0.88 0.67 sum 100.00 100.02 100.00 100.01 98.32 100.01 100.00 99.99 100.00 注:主量元素含量单位为%,微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6 -
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① 新疆区域地质调查大队. 昭苏幅1/20万区域地质调查报告. 1978.