Lithofacies characteristics of the Longtan Formation and its control of gold mineralization in the Shuiyindong gold deposit, Southwestern Guizhou Province
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摘要:
黔西南地区水银洞超大型金矿床产于上二叠统龙潭组，金异常富集的高品位层状-似层状矿体受特定的不纯碳酸盐岩和有利岩性组合控制。对龙潭组赋矿层及围岩开展系统岩石学对比分析，总结制约龙潭组沉积作用及岩石类型的控制因素，分析龙潭组中高品位金矿体产出特征及其对岩性岩相的选择性规律。结果表明，龙潭组整体为一套浅水三角洲泥炭沼泽与滨岸潮坪泻湖相沉积，以富含有机质为特征，灰岩夹层可能代表不同时期的海侵事件；峨眉山玄武岩浆的喷溢改变吴家坪期沉积古地理格局和龙潭组中陆源碎屑岩的成分，发育与火山活动有关的沉积，矿石中铁白云石可能是火山碎屑物质热蚀变产物；富有机质和玄武质火山碎屑的不纯生物碎屑灰岩是金异常富集形成高品位矿体的重要控制因素。在黔西南地区找寻该类型矿床时应重点评价特定的岩石类型及组合特征。
Abstract:The Shuiyindong superlarge gold deposit, located in southwestern Guizhou Provence, has a high-grade layered orebody in the Upper Permian Longtan Formation(P3l).It is controlled by specific impure carbonate rocks and favorable lithology.In this paper, the authors summarized constraints on the sedimentary facies and rock characteristics of the Longtan Formation.Based on a detailed and systematic petrographic comparative analysis of the host rocks and wall rock, the authors hold that the Longtan Formation consists of a set of shallow-water delta peat bogs and coastal tidal flat lagoon sediments characterized by rich organic matter.Limestone interlayers in Longtan Formation may represent transgressive events of different periods.The Emeishan basalt magma eruption changed Wujiapingian epoch sedimentary paleogeographic pattern and composition of terrigenous clastic rocks in the formation of the Longtan Formation and developed sediments related to volcanic activity; iron dolomite in the ore might have been a thermal alteration product of volcanic clastic material; organic matter and basaltic volcanic fragments in impure bioclastic limestone was an important controlling factor for the abnormal enrichment of gold to form high-grade orebodies.When looking for this type of gold deposits in southwestern Guizhou Provence, researchers should focus on the evaluation of the favorable lithological unit.
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