西藏玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多矿区始新世岩浆活动与成矿作用——来自锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学的证据

白涛; 樊炳良; 肖霞; 张成江; 冯德新

西藏玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多矿区始新世岩浆活动与成矿作用——来自锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学的证据

1.
成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川成都 610059

2.
西藏自治区地质矿产勘查开发局地热地质大队, 西藏拉萨 850000

详细信息

作者简介: 白涛(1972-), 男, 硕士, 助理研究员, 固体矿产勘查专业。E-mail:121896254@qq.com

通讯作者: 樊炳良(1988-), 男, 硕士, 助理工程师, 固体矿产勘查专业。E-mail:373705243@qq.com

中图分类号: P618.41;P534.61⁺3

收稿日期: 2018-08-03

修回日期: 2018-10-22

刊出日期: 2019-03-15

The Eocene magmatism and mineralization of Xiariduo rocks in the northern Yulong porphyry copper belt, Tibet: Evidence from zircon U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry

1.
Department of Geology, College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China

2.
Geothermal Geological Survey Party, Tibet Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Lhasa 850000, Tibet, China

More Information

Corresponding author: FAN Bingliang, 373705243@qq.com

Received Date: 03 August 2018

Revised Date: 22 October 2018

Publish Date: 15 March 2019

摘要

摘要:
在夏日多矿区识别出始新世黑云母二长花岗斑岩和石英闪长玢岩，确定其结晶年龄分别为41.6±0.3~41.7±0.3Ma和41.1±0.2~41.2±0.2Ma。首次在夏日多矿区厘定出始新世岩浆活动事件，并认为该矿区铜-钼成矿作用与该期构造-岩浆活动事件有关。岩石地球化学特征显示，黑云母二长花岗岩与石英闪长玢岩具有较一致的地球化学特征，均具有略高的SiO₂、富K₂O和Na₂O、较高的K₂O/Na₂O值及较低的TFeO含量，属于弱过铝质的高钾钙碱性-钾玄岩系列；相对亏损K、Ba、Nb、P、Ti，富集Th、U、Sr、Hf，具有高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩特征；具高的Zr/Hf、Rb/Sr值和较低的Ti/Eu值。夏日多斑岩的形成与印度-亚洲大陆的陆-陆碰撞诱发大规模走滑系统引起下地壳拆沉，使软流圈物质上涌，引发富集地幔的部分熔融，产生的富集地幔岩浆上升底侵，并发生壳幔物质混染有关。
- 玉龙斑岩铜矿带 /
- 锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 地球化学特征 /
- 夏日多 /
- 藏东
Abstract:
In this study, the authors identified the Eocene biotite monzonitic granite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyrite in the Xiariduo mining area, and obtained their crystallization ages of 41.6±0.3~41.7±0.3Ma and 41.1±0.2~41.2±0.2Ma respectively, thus determining the Eocene magmatic events in the Xiariduo mining area for the first time, with the Cu-Mo mineralization related to the structural-magmatic events. Rock geochemistry shows that biotite monzonitic granite porphyry and quartz diorite porphyrite have the same geochemical characteristics, with slightly higher SiO₂, rich K₂O and Na₂O, higher K₂O/Na₂O ratio and lower TFeO content, thus belonging to the weakly peraluminous and high potassium calc alkali-shoshonite series; in addition, they are relatively depleted in K, Ba, Nb, P, Ti and enriched in Th, U, Sr, Hf, thus having the characteristics of highly differentiated Ⅰ-typed granite with high Zr/Hf, Rb/Sr ratios and low Ti/Eu ratio. The formation of Xiariduo porphyry was related to the mixing of shell and mantle material, which was caused by the collision between Indian plate and Asian plate inducing a large-scale sliding system, which caused the sinking of the lower crust, the swelling of the soft-flow ring material, the partial melting of the enriched mantle, and the increasing accumulation of mantle magma.
- Yulong porphyry copper belt /
- zircon U-Pb age /
- geochemical characteristics /
- Xiariduo /
- eastern Tibet

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图 1 玉龙斑岩铜矿带区域构造图(据参考文献[12]修改)

Figure 1.

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图 2 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体地质略图

Figure 2.

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图 3 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体代表性锆石阴极发光(CL)图像

Figure 3.

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图 4 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb谐和图

Figure 4.

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图 5 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体SiO₂- K₂O图解(a)和A/CNK-A/NK图解(b)

Figure 5.

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图 6 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(a、c)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b、d)

Figure 6.

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图 7 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体La-La/K×1000（a）、Hf/Sm-Zr/Sm（b）、Mg^#-La/Yb（c）和La-La/Yb图解（d）

Figure 7.

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图 8 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体CaO-(TFeO+MgO)图解(a)和(Yb+Ta)-Rb图解(b)

Figure 8.

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表 1 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体 LA-ICP-MS锆石 U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果

Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb isotopic data of the Xiariduo rocks in the northern Yulong porphyry copper belt

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表 2 玉龙斑岩铜矿带北段夏日多岩体主量、微量和稀土元素含量

Table 2. Abundances of major, trace and rare earth elements of the Xiariduo rocks in northern Yulong porphyry copper belt

样品名称	黑云母二长花岗斑岩											石英闪长玢岩
样品编号	ZK0208-300	ZK0508-168	ZK0508-393	ZK0607-605	ZK0608-486	ZK0608-68	ZK0907-159	ZK0907-62	ZK0920-209	ZK0920-303		ZK0208-79	ZK0607-2.78	ZK0608-188
SiO₂	70.40	70.06	69.72	69.24	68.94	71.64	68.82	68.54	72, 78	70.40		69.78	67.50	68.18
AL₂O₃	14.33	15.21	13.83	13.82	14-23	13.85	14-59	14.47	13.98	14.09		15.17	14.65	15.24
Fe₂O₃	0, 61	1.15	1.15	0.57	0.68	0.33	1.04	1.43	0.79	1.02		1.88	2.23	1.98
FeO	0.56	1.24	1.39	1.29	0.57	0.77	1.46	1.26	1.03	1.39		0.34	0.59	0.53
CaO	2, 30	2.51	2.77	2.56	1.12	1.01	1.91	2.09	1.81	2.51		1, 97	1.49	1.12
MgO	0, 70	1.54	1.70	1.14	1.05	1.20	1.34	1.71	1.08	1.63		1, 40	1.34	1.14
k₂o	3, 82	3.68	4.31	4.44	6.40	5.09	4.73	4.36	4.65	4.10		4, 22	4.85	5.22
Na₂O	3, 05	3.50	3.65	2.76	1.28	3.29	3.23	3.07	3.23	3.60		3, 22	2.50	2.78
TiOz	0, 28	0.38	0.43	0.36	0.28	0.29	0.44	0.38	0.31	0.38		0, 40	0.33	0.26
P₂O₅	0.13	0.16	0.18	0.15	0.12	0.12	0.17	0.17	0.12	0.15		0.17	0.15	0.11
MnO	0.014	0.030	0.036	0.019	0.019	0.015	0.020	0.021	0.023	0, 029		0.017	0.013	0.011
烧失量	2, 88	0.46	0.44	2.30	3.52	1.90	1.71	1.07	0.29	0.86		1.67	3.60	2.72
总计	99.07	99.92	99.61	98.65	98.21	99.51	99.46	98.57	100.09	100.16		100.24	99.24	99.29
Na₂O+K₂O	6.87	7.18	7.96	7.20	7.68	8.38	7.96	7.43	7.88	7.70		7, 44	7.35	8.00
k₂O/ N₂O	1, 25	1.05	1.18	1.61	5.00	1.55	1.46	1.42	1.44	1.14		1, 31	1.94	1.88
石英(Q)	33.53	28.05	24.63	29.91	35.06	29.81	26.40	27.58	30, 76	26.33		29.14	30.36	28.72
钙长石(An)	10.98	11.47	8.70	12.16	5.04	4.33	8.56	9.50	8.21	10.25		8, 80	6.71	5.01
钠长石(Ab)	26.83	29.78	31.15	24.24	11.44	28.52	27.96	26.65	27, 39	30.68		27.67	22.14	24.38
正长石(Or)	23.47	21.87	25.69	27.23	39.95	30.82	28.60	26.43	27, 53	24.40		25.33	30.00	31.97
A(碱性长石）	41.75	41.40	48.96	43.99	50.11	55.83	50.12	46.03	48.63	46.00		45.87	48.09	53.05
P(斜长石）	19.53	21.72	16.58	19.64	6.32	7.84	15.00	16.55	14.50	19.33		15.93	10.76	8.31
刚玉(C)	1.36	1.30		0.18	3.64	1.41	1.12	1.34	0.63			2.16	3.07	3.36
透辉石(Di)			3.16							1.04
紫苏辉石（Hy）	2, 23	4.96	3.78	4.34	3.19	3.77	4.57	5.65	3.47	4.74		4, 38	4.94	4.15
钛铁矿(Il)	0, 55	0.73	0.82	0.71	0.56	0.56	0.85	0.74	0.59	0.73		0, 77	0.66	0.51
磁铁矿(Mt)	0, 73	1.48	1.66	0.86	0.83	0.49	1.54	1.70	1.15	1.49		1, 35	1.76	1.62
磷灰石(Ap)	0.31	0.37	0.42	0.36	0.29	0.28	0.40	0.40	0.28	0.35		0.40	0.36	0.26
合计	99.99	100.01	100.00	99.99	100.00	99.99	100.00	99.99	100.01	100.01		100.00	100.00	99.99
DI	83.83	79.70	81.47	81.38	86.45	89.15	82.96	80.66	85.68	81.41		82.14	82.50	85.07
SI	8.02	13.88	13.94	11.18	10.54	11.24	11.36	14.49	10.02	13.88		12.77	11.75	9.86
A/NK	1.57	1.56	1.30	1.48	1.58	1.27	1.40	1.48	1.35	1.36		1.54	1.57	1.49
A/CNK	1.08	1.06	0.88	0.99	1.29	1.09	1.05	1.07	1.03	0.94		1.13	1.21	1.24
AR	2.16	2.31	2.57	2.02	3.00	2.59	2.29	2.18	2.38	2.53		2.20	1.90	2.03
Cu	514.1	37, 32	80.51	144.2	1037	301.4	152.5	529.4	170.8	90.95		46.71	2835	1175
Pb	19.77	38, 43	35.05	29.9	44.39	12.84	39.21	37.61	34.29	26		19.37	238	30.71
Zn	93.7	118.5	155.3	93.2	182.8	80.3	89.9	105.8	92.6	78.01		113.6	147.7	73.17
Cr	43.2	50.77	54.53	49.27	34.39	46.21	51.97	58.66	50.87	48.32		47.7	45.7	34.19
Ni	19.29	32, 13	32.31	28.52	22.09	17.27	28.6	36.19	22.93	27.68		24.35	28.55	19.81
Co	21.83	29.06	26.1	16.62	14.03	25.15	26.45	24.46	25.69	21.79		11.33	18.24	21.54
Li	27.44	40, 39	32.44	29.42	39.71	21.99	36.43	41.59	14.94	19.21		56.01	29.44	30.01
Rb	438.1	388.9	496.3	624.3	900.3	606	514.8	540.9	467.4	305.9		735.7	756	861.6
Cs	49.6	19.45	41.9	60.07	41.93	40.52	43.82	41.8	31.17	27.12		94.66	67.5	70.93
W	177.9	145.9	138.6	114.2	189.9	243.7	176.4	168.3	257.1	168		122.54	134.7	143.8
Mo	50.26	14.4	3.035	215.4	9.741	201.1	0.284	209.5	2.006	2.493		1.422	1.851	49.84
As	12.58	1.91	2.61	3.5	18.79	3.07	2.66	4.26	2.29	2.78		21.32	21.03	13.21
Sb	0.69	0.42	0.54	1.33	7.76	0.47	0.45	0.43	0.25	0.35		0.49	1.25	0.41
Sr	549.6	773.7	735.8	853.4	1366	307	712.3	768.8	621.3	764		295.5	501	4202
Ba	792.82	971.6	878.93	877.48	896.17	1444.41	1007.98	961.03	754.55	846.44		726.29	1099.65	1201.11
Hf	5.91	5.91	6.07	6.23	8.04	3.93	6.4	6.81	5.49	6.15		6.32	9.11	15.68
Th	18.49	17, 26	20.86	22.44	20.16	15.69	20.77	23.67	26.03	19.54		17.79	24.46	32.79
Zr	165.86	202.34	192.84	202.34	209.69	142.19	220.54	196.33	178.23	196.06		166.75	81.23	437.37
U	5.35	2.98	6.02	5.06	12.02	5.37	3.97	5.41	4.98	5		6.2	7.69	7.22
Nb	6.78	12, 74	10.53	8.81	6.51	7.84	11.13	8.58	11.63	10.69		9.32	8.89	8.7
Ta	0.47	1.64	0.77	0.89	0.43	0.76	0.91	0.58	0.96	0.76		1.17	1.13	1.47
F	1145.06	1145.06	1145.06	1351.54	1296.67	1468.35	1244.03	1351.54	856.7	1011.18		1296.67	1408.74	1530.49
B	33.31	7.92	28.99	24.59	35.77	24.7	14.46	11.02	9.73	8.15		122.22	31.08	31.91
La	38.17	35.68	39.11	26.35	16.42	16.53	42.5	41.64	36.02	38.25		29.87	28.44	15.45
Ce	65.27	59.58	66.09	47.71	35.55	32.05	69.31	67.65	51.25	69.55		46.04	49.25	31.13
Pr	11.18	10.67	11.37	8.685	7.153	5.915	12.55	11.6	10.66	12.17		7.439	8.504	6.211
Nd	28.92	28.33	29.36	23.14	20.27	15.59	33.25	30.71	25.14	31.31		18.15	24.66	17.52
Sm	4.926	4.942	4.882	3.976	3, 666	2.814	5.567	5.196	4.09	5.197		2.88	3.955	3.276
Eu	1.597	1.655	1.572	1.296	1, 297	1.736	1.779	1.736	1.405	1.645		1.273	1.367	1.546
Gd	4.747	4.498	4.683	3.684	3, 176	2.618	5.303	4.811	3.817	4.93		3.111	3.62	2.799
Tb	0.785	0.792	0.791	0.663	0, 608	0.507	0.906	0.821	0.653	0.838		0.536	0.655	0.57
Dy	2.569	2.985	2.871	2.309	2.14	1.778	3.273	2.907	2.456	2.896	1.783	2.416	2.14
Ho	0.384	0.467	0.457	0.373	0, 343	0.281	0.515	0.463	0.427	0.465	0.28	0.401	0.357
Er	1.522	1.723	1.73	1.405	1.3	1.016	1.928	1.771	1.454	1.811	1.09	1.546	1.322
Tm	0.175	0.223	0.219	0.18	0, 169	0.133	0.236	0.221	0.214	0.218	0.147	0.221	0.186
Yb	1.513	1.687	1.674	1.435	1.419	1.306	1.801	1.714	1.694	1.721	1.307	1.707	1.559
Lu	0.206	0.214	0.214	0.174	0.184	0.193	0.242	0.219	0.223	0, 23	0.167	0.236	0.214
Y	13.49	16.18	15.93	12.82	11.84	9.834	18.15	16.1	15.44	16.03	9.645	13.97	10.62
SREE	161.96	153.45	165.02	121.38	93.70	82.47	179.16	171.46	139.50	171.23	114.07	126.98	84.28
LREE	150.06	140.86	152.38	111.16	84.36	74.64	164.96	158.53	128.57	158.12	105.65	116.18	75.13
HREE	11.90	12.59	12.64	10.22	9.34	7.83	14.20	12.93	10.94	13.11	8.42	10.80	9.15
LREE/HREE	12.61	11.19	12.06	10.87	9.03	9.53	11.61	12.26	11.75	12.06	12.55	10.76	8.21
(La/Yb)_N	18.10	15.17	16.76	13.17	8.30	9.08	16.93	17.43	15.25	15.94	16.39	11.95	7.11
δEu	1.00	1.05	0.99	1.02	1.13	1.92	0.99	1.04	1.07	0, 98	1.29	1.08	1.52
δCe	0.77	0.74	0.76	0.77	0.80	0.79	0.73	0.74	0.63	0, 79	0.74	0.77	0.78
注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为 10^-6

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