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藏东日扎山一带马拉松多组流纹岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

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于远山, 张海, 王富明, 王兴明, 刘卜桢, 秦烽焰, 何海. 藏东日扎山一带马拉松多组流纹岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 地质通报, 2019, 38(5): 697-710.
引用本文: 于远山, 张海, 王富明, 王兴明, 刘卜桢, 秦烽焰, 何海. 藏东日扎山一带马拉松多组流纹岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 地质通报, 2019, 38(5): 697-710.
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YU Yuanshan, ZHANG Hai, WANG Fuming, WANG Xingming, LIU Buzhen, QIN Fengyan, HE Hai. Age and geochemical characteristics of Malasongduo Formation rhyolite in Riza Mountain, east Tibet, and its geological significance[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2019, 38(5): 697-710.
Citation: YU Yuanshan, ZHANG Hai, WANG Fuming, WANG Xingming, LIU Buzhen, QIN Fengyan, HE Hai. Age and geochemical characteristics of Malasongduo Formation rhyolite in Riza Mountain, east Tibet, and its geological significance[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2019, 38(5): 697-710.
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藏东日扎山一带马拉松多组流纹岩年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

  • 1.

    中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川 成都 610081

  • 2.

    四川省地质矿产勘查开发局四○五地质队, 四川 都江堰 611830

  • 3.

    成都理工大学地球科学学院, 四川 成都 610059

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局项目《西南三江有色金属资源基地调查项目》（编号：DD20160016）
详细信息
    作者简介: 于远山(1966-), 男, 高级工程师, 从事区域地质矿产调查研究工作。E-mail:yys008@126.com

  • 中图分类号: P588.14+1;P597+.3

Age and geochemical characteristics of Malasongduo Formation rhyolite in Riza Mountain, east Tibet, and its geological significance

  • 1.

    Chengdu Center of China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China

  • 2.

    No. 405 Geological Party, Sichuan Bureau of Geological Exploration and Development, Dujiangyan 611830, Sichuan, China

  • 3.

    College of Geosciences, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, China

    摘要

  • 为确定藏东日扎山一带马拉松多组流纹岩的形成时代及成岩构造环境，探讨古特提斯洋闭合时间，应用LA-ICP-MS方法对其进行锆石U-Pb精确定年，并开展岩石学和地球化学研究。结果表明，该区流纹岩岩浆锆石206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为244±1.2Ma，较精确地限定了马拉松多组流纹岩的形成时代，为中三叠世早期。岩相学及地球化学研究结果显示，马拉松多组流纹岩具高硅（SiO2=72.72%~76.88%），富碱（（K2O+Na2O）=6.64%~7.41%，K2O>Na2O），过铝质（Al2O3=11.76%~13.03%，A/CNK=1.17~1.31）特征；岩石富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb，高场强元素Th、U，而亏损大离子亲石元素Sr和Ba，高场强元素Nb、Ta、P、Zr、Hf、Ti等；稀土元素配分模式表现出轻稀土元素富集（LREE/HREE=1.93~2.89），轻稀土元素分馏程度稍高于重稀土元素的右倾V字形分布模式，具有明显的负Eu异常（δEu=0.36~0.41）；其成因可能与幔源岩浆的底侵和加厚地壳的减薄有关，是幔源基性岩浆底侵导致地壳物质脱水发生部分熔融的产物，即主要是陆壳和硅铝质源岩部分熔融形成的，岩浆在上升过程中经历了结晶分异作用。其化学性质具有S型向A型流纹岩演化的趋势，以及同碰撞弧火山岩与碰撞后A型流纹岩的双重特性。综合研究认为，研究区在早中三叠世处于弧-陆碰撞后活动大陆边缘短暂的后造山伸展构造环境，古特提斯洋（金沙江洋）在此之前已经闭合。

    In order to determine the formation age and tectonic environment of east Tibetan Malasongduo Formation rhyolite and provide new evidence for studying ancient Tethys closing time, the authors applied the LA-ICP-MS method for the precise zircon U-Pb dating and studied petrology and geochemistry. The results show that the weighted average 206Pb/238U age of rhyolite magma in this area is 244 ±1.2Ma (MSWD=0.59), which accurately defines the formation age of the Malasongduo Formation rhyolite, i.e., Early-Middle Triassic. Petrographic and geochemical studies show that Malasongduo Formation rhyolite has high silica (SiO2=72.72%~76.88%) and alkali (ALK (K2O+Na2O)=6.64%~7.41%, K2O>Na2O), and exhibits peraluminous nature (Al2O3=11.76%~13.03%, A/CNK=1.17~1.31); the rocks are enriched in large ion lithophile elements K and Rb, and high field strength elements Th and U, but depleted in large ion lithophile elements Sr and Ba, and high field strength elements such as Nb, Ta, P, Zr, Hf and Ti; REE patterns show that LREE is enriched (LREE/HREE=1.93~2.89), light rare earth elements (LREE) is slightly higher than the degree of fractionation of heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and there exist right-inclined V-shaped distribution and obvious negative Eu anomalies (Eu=0.36~0.41). The genesis of the rocks may be related to the underplating of the mantle derived magma and the thinning of the thickening crust. They were formed by the mantle derived basic magma underplating resulting in dehydration of crustal material and partial melting. They were mainly formed by partial melting of continental crust and aluminosilicate source rocks, and the magma underwent crystallization differentiation during the process of rising. The chemical properties have the evolution trend of S type to A type rhyolite, and have the dual characteristics of the syn-collisional arc volcanic rocks and the post collisional A type rhyolite. According to the comprehensive study, the study area was in a short post orogenic extensional tectonic environment on the post collisional active continental margin in the Early-Middle Triassic period, and the ancient Tethys Ocean (Jinshajiang Ocean) had been closed before that.

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  • 图 1  研究区大地构造位置（a）及地质简图（b）

    Figure 1. 

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    图 图版Ⅰ   

    Figure 图版Ⅰ. 

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    图 2  日扎山马拉松多组流纹岩锆石阴极发光图像

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  日扎山马拉松多组流纹岩锆石U-Pb谐和图

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  日扎山流纹岩岩石分类图解

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  日扎山马拉松多组流纹岩微量元素蛛网图(a)和稀土元素配分图(b)

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  日扎山流纹岩SiO2-(Na2O+ K2O-CaO)图解[43] (a)和Ti/Yb-Nb/Th图解[44](b)

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  日扎山流纹岩岩石成因类型判别图解[31]

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  日扎山流纹岩构造环境判别图解

    Figure 8. 

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    表 1  日扎山马拉松多组流纹岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果

    Table 1.  LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb dating results for rhyolites from the Malasongduo Formation, Riza Mountain

    测点 含量/10–6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma
    Pb 232Th 238U 207Pb/206pb ±1σ 207Pb/235U ±1σ 206Pb/238U ±1σ 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ 207Pb/235U ±1σ 206Pb/238U ±1σ
    1 30.6 120.9 302.7 0.40 0.052 0.002 0.274 0.011 0.0384 0.0005 333.4 95.4 245.8 8.7 242.6 2.9
    2 60.6 253.5 420.6 0.60 0.052 0.002 0.279 0.009 0.0386 0.0005 294.5 74.1 250.0 7.4 244.0 2.9
    3 97.4 391.1 687.9 0.57 0.057 0.002 0.303 0.008 0.0389 0.0004 479.7 63.0 268.5 6.2 245.7 2.5
    4 20.7 81.2 172.9 0.47 0.051 0.003 0.273 0.014 0.0390 0.0006 255.6 119.4 244.9 11.1 246.5 3.7
    5 44.8 147.9 560.9 0.26 0.051 0.002 0.276 0.009 0.0391 0.0005 255.6 74.1 247.9 7.3 247.3 3.3
    6 47.2 175.6 469.3 0.37 0.052 0.002 0.279 0.009 0.0385 0.0005 305.6 78.7 250.2 7.1 243.7 2.9
    7 30.4 112.5 309.0 0.36 0.051 0.002 0.268 0.009 0.0385 0.0005 227.8 81.5 241.2 7.4 243.6 3.1
    8 22.4 81.0 204.9 0.40 0.055 0.003 0.298 0.015 0.0395 0.0005 394.5 109.2 264.7 11.5 249.8 3.3
    9 45.6 151.1 550.7 0.27 0.049 0.002 0.264 0.010 0.0387 0.0005 164.9 81.5 237.5 7.6 244.5 3.0
    10 27.8 113.2 222.5 0.51 0.051 0.002 0.269 0.012 0.0390 0.0006 231.6 103.7 242.1 9.4 246.5 3.5
    11 22.8 92.5 175.0 0.53 0.057 0.003 0.306 0.017 0.0389 0.0006 500.0 122.2 270.8 13.3 246.2 3.4
    12 25.9 105.5 191.5 0.55 0.053 0.003 0.278 0.013 0.0383 0.0005 342.7 111.1 249.4 10.0 242.0 3.2
    13 44.8 121.3 634.0 0.19 0.052 0.001 0.284 0.008 0.0393 0.0005 298.2 64.8 253.6 6.2 248.8 3.0
    14 40.4 167.5 279.7 0.60 0.053 0.002 0.276 0.012 0.0381 0.0005 316.7 101.8 247.7 9.6 241.3 3.0
    15 48.7 193.7 370.0 0.52 0.051 0.002 0.270 0.011 0.0381 0.0004 235.3 88.9 242.8 8.7 241.4 2.7
    16 44.3 133.4 604.4 0.22 0.053 0.001 0.281 0.008 0.0385 0.0004 320.4 63.0 251.1 6.0 243.5 2.8
    17 33.9 107.6 441.9 0.24 0.050 0.002 0.266 0.009 0.0383 0.0004 205.6 79.6 239.3 7.5 242.1 2.7
    18 26.9 96.8 321.3 0.30 0.054 0.002 0.285 0.013 0.0383 0.0006 368.6 106.5 254.4 10.4 242.6 3.5
    19 32.0 103.4 386.5 0.27 0.050 0.002 0.265 0.010 0.0385 0.0004 189.0 92.6 238.4 8.4 243.7 2.8
    20 49.2 198.5 366.5 0.54 0.051 0.002 0.267 0.010 0.0384 0.0005 220.4 87.0 240.3 8.1 243.2 3.2
    21 36.6 135.7 385.9 0.35 0.051 0.002 0.272 0.010 0.0384 0.0005 257.5 86.1 244.4 7.8 243.2 2.9
    22 38.2 160.7 281.9 0.57 0.049 0.002 0.260 0.011 0.0384 0.0005 166.8 98.1 235.0 9.2 242.8 3.2
    23 47.4 196.1 340.5 0.58 0.050 0.002 0.262 0.010 0.0381 0.0005 183.4 119.4 236.6 8.1 241.0 3.0
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    表 2  马拉松多组流纹岩主量、微量和稀土元素分析结果

    Table 2.  Major, trace and rare earth elements analytical results of the rhyolites from the Malasongduo Formation

    样号 D1105HF-1 D1105HF-2 D1105HF-3 D1105HF-4 D1105HF-5 D1105HF-6 D7084HF1 D7084HF2 D7084HF3 D7084HF4
    SiO2 73.71 73.53 72.72 72.96 73.88 72.91 76.43 76.73 76.88 76.58
    TiO2 0.46 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.42 0.47 0.25 0.23 0.25 0.24
    Al2O3 12.69 13 12.88 13.03 12.63 12.97 11.76 11.82 11.78 11.88
    Fe2O3 0.86 1.26 1.11 0.98 1 0.96 1.84 1.84 1.88 1.8
    FeO 1.79 1.69 1.91 1.81 1.72 2.06 0.27 0.11 0.11 0.17
    MnO 0.037 0.036 0.04 0.042 0.036 0.043 0.021 0.01 0.014 0.017
    MgO 0.76 0.73 0.68 0.61 0.61 0.66 0.15 0.2 0.13 0.13
    CaO 1.38 0.63 1.29 1.07 1.39 1.14 0.62 0.23 0.31 0.44
    Na2O 1.98 1.83 1.96 1.84 1.91 1.85 2.08 1.01 2.03 2.3
    K2O 4.71 4.9 4.86 5.08 4.73 4.93 4.98 6.39 5.12 5.11
    P2O5 0.23 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.097 0.09 0.097 0.097
    H2O- 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.18 0.1 0.08 0.14 0.08 0.1
    烧失量 1.06 1.52 1.4 1.34 1.14 1.28 1.14 1.2 1.06 0.98
    总计 99.67 99.82 99.54 99.46 99.70 99.50 99.64 99.86 99.66 99.74
    ALK 6.69 6.73 6.82 6.92 6.64 6.78 7.06 7.40 7.15 7.41
    K2O/Na2O 2.38 2.68 2.48 2.76 2.48 2.66 2.39 6.33 2.52 2.22
    A/CNK 1.17 1.37 1.19 1.24 1.17 1.24 1.18 1.31 1.25 1.17
    σ 1.46 1.48 1.57 1.60 1.43 1.54 1.49 1.62 1.51 1.64
    SI 7.52 7.01 6.46 5.91 6.12 6.31 1.61 2.09 1.40 1.37
    DI 85.57 87.61 85.56 86.57 85.93 85.71 92.28 93.32 93.56 93.49
    Cs 3.68 5.89 3.74 4.14 3.64 3.95 2.91 5.46 2.80 2.82
    Rb 228 261 210 233 233 216 245 307 254 246
    Sr 92.8 98.1 89.3 92.2 90.1 95.0 86.3 65.6 84.4 86.7
    Ba 963 1008 955 1003 939 1005 816 910 854 824
    Pb 35.9 29.1 36.5 36.9 34.8 36.6 19.8 26.0 19.5 19.0
    Ga 17.0 19.0 17.1 18.0 16.8 18.3 15.1 15.8 15.5 15.2
    Nb 13.2 14.1 14.1 14.0 13.7 14.0 8.02 7.65 8.14 8.02
    Ta 1.20 1.28 1.25 1.29 1.22 1.30 0.83 0.82 0.85 0.83
    Zr 75.1 76.0 108 116 109 112 68.0 62.2 67.6 68.0
    Hf 2.52 2.67 3.74 3.63 3.48 3.67 2.47 2.35 2.57 2.47
    Th 20.2 22.2 21.2 21.7 21.6 22.4 18.4 18.1 18.8 17.7
    V 21.2 23.6 22.8 24.7 20.3 24.1 7.41 8.16 7.38 7.32
    Cr 14.1 14.2 14.2 14.3 12.5 14.1 8.14 4.17 5.19 5.59
    Co 5.14 4.91 5.72 6.37 4.92 6.05 3.42 2.14 3.01 3.00
    Ni 7.45 8.44 7.84 8.74 6.88 7.42 4.09 2.35 2.56 2.42
    Sc 7.18 8.08 7.33 7.56 7.00 7.94 4.47 4.26 4.68 4.59
    U 5.52 5.23 5.39 5.63 5.45 5.74 4.07 4.20 4.07 4.06
    La 42.2 22.9 43.3 44.4 40.5 47.4 32.1 15.0 29.8 33.5
    Ce 89.3 79.0 86.4 91.2 83.1 96.0 60.9 45.0 60.7 66.2
    Pr 9.91 6.06 9.39 10.3 9.21 10.2 7.19 3.49 7.07 7.47
    Nd 37.0 22.7 36.2 37.5 35.5 38.0 26.8 12.8 26.3 27.0
    Sm 7.86 5.36 8.06 8.11 7.73 8.58 6.21 3.27 5.99 6.22
    Eu 0.99 0.65 0.97 1.08 0.94 1.02 0.82 0.40 0.76 0.83
    Gd 7.41 5.39 7.59 7.68 7.32 8.26 6.28 3.16 6.06 6.24
    Tb 1.18 0.95 1.20 1.27 1.16 1.33 1.11 0.62 1.07 1.14
    Dy 7.07 6.17 7.14 7.55 7.17 7.66 7.11 4.38 6.93 7.15
    Ho 1.37 1.21 1.34 1.41 1.38 1.45 1.41 0.94 1.41 1.44
    Er 3.57 3.44 3.71 3.67 3.62 4.04 3.99 2.88 4.02 4.10
    Tm 0.48 0.51 0.52 0.52 0.50 0.59 0.61 0.46 0.60 0.61
    Yb 3.05 3.26 3.11 3.11 3.10 3.40 3.62 2.85 3.62 3.81
    Lu 0.44 0.46 0.43 0.44 0.44 0.48 0.53 0.41 0.51 0.56
    Y 40.3 34.4 39.4 43.0 39.3 45.4 41.8 25.8 40.8 41.9
    ∑REE 252.16 192.34 248.73 261.38 240.92 273.86 200.48 121.49 195.70 208.21
    LREE 187.29 136.58 184.33 192.74 176.92 201.27 134.04 79.99 130.66 141.21
    HREE 64.87 55.76 64.40 68.65 64.00 72.59 66.44 41.50 65.04 67.00
    LR/HR 2.89 2.45 2.86 2.81 2.76 2.77 2.02 1.93 2.01 2.11
    (La/Yb)N 9.93 5.03 10.01 10.25 9.36 10.00 6.36 3.77 5.92 6.30
    (La/Sm)N 3.47 2.76 3.47 3.54 3.38 3.57 3.34 2.96 3.22 3.48
    (Gd/Yb)N 2.01 1.37 2.02 2.04 1.95 2.01 1.43 0.92 1.39 1.35
    δEu 0.39 0.37 0.38 0.41 0.38 0.37 0.40 0.37 0.38 0.40
    δCe 1.03 1.61 1.00 1.01 1.01 1.02 0.94 1.47 0.99 0.98
    注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6
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    ①

    青海省区调综合大队. 1: 20万白玉县幅、雄松区幅区域地质调查报告.西藏自治区地质矿产局, 1992.

    ②

    西藏自治区地质调查院. 1: 25万八宿县幅(H47C002001)、贡觉县幅(H47C002002)、然乌区幅(H47C003001)、芒康县幅(H47C003002)区域地质调查报告. 2007.

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