Zircon U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of meta-andesite in Qiongzuerkai area of Harlik Mountain, Xinjiang
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摘要:
新疆哈尔里克山广泛出露古生代火山岩，由于缺少可靠的年龄和地球化学数据，其成因及地球动力学背景长期存在争议。为探讨这一问题,选择琼祖尔开地区一套层状分布的火山岩作为研究对象，采集其中的变质安山岩进行U-Pb 同位素定年，得到2 个样品的206Pb/238U 年龄分别为309.9±4.6Ma（MSWD=2.6，n=9）和304.6±1.8Ma（MSWD=0.84，n=11），代表火山岩的结晶年龄。变质安山岩SiO2含量为49.96%~62.22%，具有低TiO2含量（0.94%~1.7%）和高Al2O3含量（14.76%~16.25%）的特征。轻、重稀土元素分馏明显，富集轻稀土元素，具负Eu 异常（δEu=0.88~0.94）；岩石地球化学研究表明，变质安山岩富集大离子亲石元素Th、U、Ce、Rb、Ba，亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti，具岛弧型火山岩特征。原始岩浆源区可能为地壳熔体和俯冲洋壳熔体组成的混合物，岩浆在上升过程中有地壳物质的加入，岩石成因可能与大洋板块俯冲作用有关。哈尔里克山石炭纪火山活动可能与其南侧康古尔洋盆的演化相关。
Abstract:The studied volcanic rocks are mainly distributed in Qiongzuerkai area of Harlik Mountain. There are no accurate ages and geochemical data for these rocks, The genesis and the geodynamical background of these volcanic rocks have been controversial for a long time. In order to tackle this problem, the authors chose layered volcanic rocks in Qiongzuerkai area of Harlik Mountain as the study object. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of 309.9±4.6Ma(MSWD=2.6,n=9)and 304.6±1.8Ma(MSWD=0.84,n=11)from two meta-andesites suggest that these volcanic rocks erupted in Late Carboniferous. The meta-andesite is characterized by SiO2 content from 49.96%~62.22%, low TiO2(0.94%~1.7%)and high Al2O3(14.76%~16.25%). The meta-andesite forms a LREE-enriched distribution pattern with a strong contrast between LREE and HREE and the existence of negative Eu anomalies(δEu=0.88~0.94). Geochemical characteristics of meta-andesite suggest that this rock shows island-arc volcanic characteristics, being enriched in LILE such as Th, U, Ce, Rb and Ba and depleted in HFSE such as Nb, Ta and Ti. The mantle source was made up of crust melt, subducted ocean crust melt and so on, with the addition of crustal material during plate subduction. Combined with regional data, the authors consider that the evolution of the Carboniferous volcanic activity might have been associated with the Kanggurtag basin.
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表 1 琼祖尔开地区变质安山岩LA-ICP-MS 锆石U-Th-Pb 同位素数据
Table 1. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb isotopic data ofmeta-andesite from Qiongzuerkai area
分析点号 Pb/10-6 Th/10-6 U/10-6 232Th/238U 07Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 比值 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ T-y-3 01 80.7 253.2 392.9 0.64 0.0533 0.0014 0.3554 0.0093 0.0493 0.0006 342.7 93.5 308.7 7.0 309.9 3.4 02 142.5 505.1 738.7 0.68 0.0579 0.0024 0.3875 0.0169 0.0496 0.0006 524.1 90.7 332.6 12.4 312.1 3.6 03 59.9 180.4 300.2 0.60 0.0522 0.0020 0.3511 0.0143 0.0488 0.0006 294.5 88.9 305.5 10.8 307.4 3.7 06 26.1 192.3 318.0 0.60 0.0522 0.0020 0.3358 0.0128 0.0476 0.0004 294.5 88.9 293.9 9.7 299.8 2.5 07 46.9 154.2 233.3 0.66 0.0589 0.0025 0.3929 0.0194 0.0489 0.0006 564.9 90.7 336.5 14.2 307.9 3.6 08 129.9 351.7 407.6 0.86 0.0511 0.0013 0.3304 0.0084 0.0474 0.0005 255.6 59.2 289.9 6.4 298.7 3.3 09 125.6 732.0 829.9 0.88 0.0529 0.0027 0.3340 0.0122 0.0478 0.0006 324.1 112.0 292.6 9.3 301.0 3.5 11 62.8 217.6 349.4 0.62 0.0659 0.0053 0.3868 0.0157 0.0473 0.0007 803.4 165.7 332.0 11.5 298.2 4.1 T-y-5 01 23.7 99.0 169.2 0.59 0.0520 0.0021 0.3403 0.0130 0.0478 0.0004 283.4 90.7 297.4 9.8 301.2 2.6 02 95.7 308.2 448.4 0.69 0.0565 0.0038 0.3731 0.0244 0.0488 0.0005 472.3 150.0 321.9 18.1 306.9 3.1 04 91.9 289.2 395.2 0.73 0.0524 0.0029 0.3514 0.0182 0.0491 0.0004 301.9 130.5 305.7 13.7 309.0 2.5 05 136.5 389.9 436.3 0.89 0.0664 0.0034 0.4325 0.0208 0.0479 0.0005 820.4 106.3 364.9 14.7 301.3 2.9 06 80.8 229.2 307.4 0.75 0.0524 0.0023 0.3510 0.0148 0.0486 0.0004 301.9 93.5 305.5 11.1 305.8 2.4 07 52.5 144.6 237.4 0.61 0.0645 0.0026 0.4275 0.0166 0.0485 0.0005 766.7 52.8 361.4 11.8 305.3 2.9 08 37.8 106.5 174.0 0.61 0.0594 0.0055 0.3703 0.0162 0.0480 0.0007 583.4 201.8 319.9 12.0 302.0 4.4 10 96.0 427.2 627.4 0.68 0.0559 0.0014 0.3721 0.0090 0.0485 0.0004 450.0 55.6 321.2 6.7 305.2 2.8 11 37.6 242.4 311.1 0.78 0.0581 0.0019 0.3821 0.0111 0.0482 0.0006 531.5 75.0 328.6 8.1 303.2 3.6 12 94.1 309.3 421.2 0.73 0.0587 0.0033 0.3860 0.0183 0.0485 0.0010 566.7 120.4 331.5 13.4 305.4 6.3 13 126.2 602.9 868.9 0.69 0.0501 0.0012 0.3267 0.0079 0.0478 0.0006 198.2 57.4 287.1 6.1 301.2 3.8 注：样品测试在中国科学院广州地球化学研究所同位素地球化学国家重点实验室完成 
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表 2 琼祖尔开地区变质安山岩主量元素组成
Table 2. Major element compositions of meta-andesite in Qiongzuerkai area
% 编号 Tt-1 Tt-2 Tt-3 Tt-4 Tt-5 Tt-6 SiO2 59.65 62.22 55.04 54.91 49.96 50.5 TiO2 0.96 0.94 1.54 1.51 1.70 1.70 Al2O3 14.76 15.15 16.24 16.12 16.30 16.25 Fe2O3 2.50 2.62 3.13 2.82 7.24 7.28 FeO 3.81 3.52 4.87 5.23 3.68 3.93 MnO 0.13 0.12 0.18 0.17 0.12 0.12 MgO 1.44 1.37 2.11 2.17 5.55 5.56 CaO 5.04 4.30 8.64 8.32 5.15 5.04 Na2O 6.29 6.37 1.83 1.87 4.95 4.99 K2O 0.63 0.50 1.41 1.39 0.31 0.36 P2O5 0.33 0.32 0.37 0.38 0.26 0.28 烧失量 3.62 2.84 4.47 4.40 4.56 4.61 总量 99.16 100.27 99.83 99.29 99.78 100.62 TFe2O3 6.74 6.54 8.55 8.64 11.34 11.66 Mg# 29.93 29.53 33.04 33.43 49.47 48.82 Na2O/K2O 9.98 12.74 1.30 1.35 15.97 13.86 注：样品测试在中国地质科学院国家地质实验测试中心完成
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表 3 琼祖尔开地区变质安山岩微量和稀土元素组成
Table 3. Trace element and REE compositions of metaandesitein Qiongzuerkai area
10-6 编号 Tt-1 Tt-2 Tt-3 Tt-4 Tt-5 Tt-6 La 20.60 19.50 19.00 19.50 15.50 19.40 Ce 48.60 43.80 45.10 44.40 39.00 45.40 Pr 6.02 5.87 6.03 5.97 4.76 5.52 Nd 27.00 26.30 27.10 26.20 21.10 23.50 Sm 5.57 5.51 6.37 6.64 4.74 4.97 Eu 1.69 1.72 2.02 1.98 1.43 1.53 Gd 6.09 6.32 6.63 6.99 4.83 5.17 Tb 0.98 0.96 1.08 1.11 0.82 0.82 Dy 5.97 5.45 6.32 6.27 4.31 4.52 Ho 1.30 1.20 1.35 1.36 0.92 0.96 Er 3.86 3.50 3.89 3.83 2.63 2.79 Tm 0.56 0.50 0.57 0.57 0.37 0.40 Yb 3.59 3.09 3.36 3.35 2.32 2.43 Lu 0.60 0.50 0.53 0.53 0.34 0.38 Rb 15.00 12.00 47.20 44.90 11.20 12.90 V 172.00 136.00 452.00 449.00 139.00 176.00 Cr 4.20 4.10 3.06 3.01 3.92 4.30 Ni 1.11 1.05 1.14 1.10 0.69 0.79 Co 5229.82 4150.65 11704.83 11538.81 2573.40 2988.47 Sc 7.51 7.23 6.84 6.59 9.24 9.55 Pb 0.56 0.54 0.47 0.48 0.66 0.72 Ba 312.00 315.00 499.00 480.00 562.00 612.00 Th 27.00 26.30 27.10 26.20 21.10 23.50 U 1440.42 1396.77 1615.01 1658.66 1134.87 1222.17 Nb 176.00 168.00 158.00 150.00 178.00 183.00 Ta 4.53 4.23 3.94 3.93 4.19 4.34 Sr 5755.20 5635.30 9232.30 9052.45 10191.50 10191.50 Nd 34.00 30.50 34.60 34.80 22.00 24.40 Zr 0.88 0.89 0.94 0.88 0.91 0.92 Hf 132.43 124.22 129.35 128.70 103.07 117.79 Y 109.48 102.70 105.62 104.69 86.53 100.32 δEu 22.95 21.52 23.73 24.01 16.54 17.47 ΣREE 4.77 4.77 4.45 4.36 5.23 5.74 ΣLREE 3.76 3.94 3.73 3.68 4.67 5.19 ΣHREE 4.12 4.53 4.06 4.18 4.79 5.73 L/R 20.60 19.50 19.00 19.50 15.50 19.40 (Ce/Yb)N 48.60 43.80 45.10 44.40 39.00 45.40 (La/Yb)N 6.02 5.87 6.03 5.97 4.76 5.52 注：样品测试在中国地质科学院国家地质实验测试中心完成
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