贵州白层超基性岩对右江盆地燕山晚期拉张环境深源岩浆演化作用的启示——来自地球化学的证据

吴松洋; 侯林; 丁俊; 张锦让; 朱斯豹

贵州白层超基性岩对右江盆地燕山晚期拉张环境深源岩浆演化作用的启示——来自地球化学的证据

1.
中国地质大学地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083

2.
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心, 四川成都 610081

基金项目:
中国地质调查局项目《贵州贞丰金-铀多金属成矿区控矿因素与找矿方法研究》（编号：12120113094400）

详细信息

作者简介: 吴松洋 (1989-), 男, 在读博士生, 岩石学、矿物学、矿床学专业。E-mail:songywu@163.com

通讯作者: 侯林 (1985-), 男, 博士, 工程师, 矿床学专业。E-mail:houlin_aaron@163.com

中图分类号: P588.12⁺5;P588.11⁺5

收稿日期: 2016-05-23

修回日期: 2017-01-20

刊出日期: 2017-03-25

Deep magma evolution in the extensional Youjiang Basin in late Yanshanian period: Evidence from geochemical characteristics of Baiceng ultramafic rock, Guizhou Province

1.
School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

2.
Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu 610081, Sichuan, China

More Information

Corresponding author: HOU Lin, houlin_aaron@163.com

Received Date: 23 May 2016

Revised Date: 20 January 2017

Publish Date: 25 March 2017

摘要

摘要:
白层超基性岩产出于扬子地台西南缘，该区域存在多期次的岩浆活动，出露多处超基性岩体。对白层11件超基性岩样品进行了主量和微量元素（包括稀土元素）及铂族元素分析，结果表明，白层超基性岩主量元素变化范围不大，具低钠富钾钙碱性岩石的地球化学特征；该超基性岩富集Ba、Sr、Rb等大离子亲石元素及Nb等高场强元素；稀土元素总量高，球粒陨石标准化曲线呈强烈的右倾趋势，轻、重稀土元素分馏明显，Eu、Ce异常不明显；铂族元素总含量低，且分异不明显。该超基性岩的地球化学特征显示，其形成于燕山晚期右江盆地大规模岩石圈伸展减薄的构造背景下；岩浆来源于低程度部分熔融的超镁铁质地幔，石榴子石及硫化物在熔融过程中残留于源区。岩浆在上升过程中未发生明显的地壳物质混染。岩浆结晶分异程度不高，发生了橄榄石与单斜辉石的结晶分异但未发生斜长石的分离。
- 扬子地台 /
- 超基性岩 /
- 地球化学 /
- 伸展减薄 /
- 地壳混染 /
- 结晶分异
Abstract:
The ultramafic rocks in Baiceng area are located on the southwest margin of Yangtze block. There exist multi-stage magmatic activities and quite a few ultramafic rocks in this area. Lots of research work on ultramafic rocks has been done in this area, but some important questions remain unsolved. In this paper, the authors analyzed major elements, minor elements (including REE) and PGE for 11 samples of ultramafic rocks from Baiceng area. The results show that their major elements vary in a narrow range, implying the characteristics of high potassium and low sodium. These rocks are also enriched in LILE (Ba, Sr, Rb), HFSE (Nb) and rare earth elements. The enrichment of LREE forms a right inclined curve, which indicates definite fractionation of REE. The anomalies of Eu and Ce are negative. The total content of platinum group element is low, and the differentiation is not significant. Geochemical characteristics of these ultramafic rocks indicate that the rocks were formed under a tectonic setting of large-scale lithospheric extension in Youjiang Basin. The magma was derived from the mantle with a low degree of partial melting, with garnet and sulfide being left over during the melting. Obvious crustal contamination never happened during the process of magma rising. The crystallization and differentiation level of magma was not high. The fractionation of clinopyroxene and olivine occurred during magma intruding while there was no fractionation of plagioclase.
- Yangtze block /
- ultramafic rocks /
- geochemistry /
- extension and thinning /
- crustal contamination /
- crystallization and differentiation

HTML全文

图 1 贵州黔西南大地构造分区及岩浆岩分布（据参考文献[14]修改）

Figure 1.

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图 2 研究区区域地质图（据参考文献①修改）

Figure 2.

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图图版Ⅰ a、b—野外宏观特征；c—手标本特征；d、e、f—微观特征（正交偏光）.Bt—黑云母；Px—辉石；Hbl—普通角闪石

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图 3 白层超基性岩SiO₂-(K₂O⁺Na₂O) 图解

Figure 3.

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图 4 白层超基性岩微量元素蛛网图（a）和稀土元素配分图（b）

Figure 4.

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图 5 白层超基性岩铂族元素原始地幔标准化图

Figure 5.

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图 6 白层超基性岩形成的构造环境判别图

Figure 6.

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图 7 白层超基性岩MgO-Nb/U协变关系图（a）及Nb/Ta-La/Yb协变关系图（b）

Figure 7.

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图 8 白层超基性岩主量元素与MgO的相关关系协变图

Figure 8.

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图 9 白层超基性岩La-La/Sm相关关系图（a）及MgO-Sr相关关系图（b）

Figure 9.

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图 10 白层超基性岩Ni/Cu-Pd/Ir图解（a）^[47]和Pd-Cu/Pd图解（b）^[47]

Figure 10.

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图 11 白层超基性岩La/Sm-Sm/Yb图解（底图据参考文献[48]）

Figure 11.

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表 1 白层超基性岩主量元素分析结果及特征值

Table 1. Major elements compositions of ultramafic rocks in Baiceng

%
样品号	εk₅²-1	εk₅²-2	εk₅²-3	εk₅²-4	εk₅²-5	εk₅²-6	εk₅²-8	εk₅²-9	εk₅²-10	εk₅²-11	εk₅²-12
SiO₂	35.44	36.25	35.52	36.31	36.19	34.62	35.47	35.62	36.47	35.43	34.64
Al₂O₃	11.17	11.91	11.65	11.56	11.89	11.87	11.37	11.56	11.59	11.24	11.21
TFe	7.24	7.52	7.43	7.72	7.73	7.14	7.27	7.88	7.61	7.4	7.38
MgO	7.29	7.78	7.25	7.51	7.26	6.33	7.26	7.78	7.67	7.87	7.21
CaO	16.41	15.59	15.77	14.81	14.64	18.62	16.07	15.12	14.84	15.51	16.53
K₂O	4.12	3.65	3.82	4.13	4.18	3.54	4.08	3.67	3.77	4.29	3.88
Na₂O	0.56	0.41	0.49	0.57	0.44	0.44	0.55	0.48	0.47	0.5	0.51
TiO₂	0.79	0.72	0.86	0.85	0.85	0.7	0.85	0.81	0.87	0.82	0.72
P₂O₅	2.01	1.89	1.97	1.78	2.07	1.72	1.87	2.04	2.07	2.1	1.87
烧失量	7.87	7.71	8.04	8.24	7.90	8.69	8.32	8.85	8.14	7.72	9.87
总和	99.36	99.27	98.88	98.66	98.40	99.28	99.49	99.80	99.99	98.39	99.93
Mg^#	50.11	48.74	48.25	46.75	46.12	47.39	48.29	49.11	49.47	49.25	48.43
Na₂O+K₂O	4.68	4.06	4.31	4.7	4.62	3.98	4.63	4.15	4.24	4.79	4.39
Na₂O/K₂O	0.14	0.11	0.13	0.14	0.11	0.12	0.13	0.13	0.12	0.09	0.13

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表 2 白层超基性岩微量元素分析结果

Table 2. Trace elements compositions of ultramafic rocks in Baiceng

10^-6
样品号	εk₅²-1	εk₅²-2	εk₅²-3	εk₅²-4	εk₅²-5	εk₅²-6	εk₅²-8	εk₅²-9	εk₅²-10	εk₅²-11	εk₅²-12
Rb	139.47	127.06	147.02	173.73	147.94	127.21	145.53	155.48	143.46	162.19	172.79
Ba	5621	6062	6469	3699	6140	5946	6425	6338	6148	5903	5111
Th	56.5	60.83	60.64	59.82	65.47	60.85	58.82	63.18	60.15	57.98	62.48
U	7.96	8.53	7.73	8.28	8.46	8.98	8.2	10.06	9.42	7.72	9.03
Sc	24.51	24.72	24.55	22.15	22.65	22.28	23.65	25.19	24.24	24.98	21.12
Ta	5.59	5.74	5.71	5.93	5.79	6.07	5.75	6.36	6.22	5.53	5.79
Co	33.6	34.7	34.8	23.3	34.6	31.6	34.5	36.9	35.3	34.1	32.7
Ni	58.9	60.8	59.6	36.4	55.7	52.2	58.8	60.6	58.7	58.5	52.2
Nb	216.26	248.67	228.66	257.14	259.27	245.91	243.27	285.38	269.35	236.53	245.75
Sr	1420.4	1758.08	1678.65	1680.03	1640.44	1519.68	1617.03	1661.91	1618.57	1629.27	2002.21
Cr	128.06	126.81	129.86	108.68	117.64	110.1	120.17	128.32	125.02	124.78	108.41
Zr	272.96	299.57	276.25	267.79	266.67	250.79	263.64	278.15	279.97	268.38	255.44
Hf	5.18	5.25	5.14	4.75	4.71	4.27	4.72	5.15	4.87	4.83	4.37
La	306	329	324	325	343	307	326	343	332	320	318
Ce	513	549	537	537	553	504	541	572	560	540	517
Pr	50.8	54.1	52.2	52	53.7	49.4	52.7	55	54	53.3	50.5
Nd	170	180	175	170	175	162	174	178	177	176	166
Sm	22	22.9	22.6	21.4	22.1	20.8	22.2	22.9	22.1	22.7	20.4
Eu	5.04	5.44	5.14	5	5.11	4.69	5.15	5.3	5.2	5.21	4.85
Gd	16.4	17.7	16.9	15.9	16.9	16	16.3	17	17.6	17.1	15.7
Tb	1.7	1.78	1.66	1.63	1.7	1.6	1.66	1.75	1.73	1.63	1.55
Dy	6.7	6.93	6.62	6.54	6.61	6.36	6.55	6.87	6.83	6.59	6.02
Ho	1.08	1.15	1.09	1.04	1.06	1.02	1.06	1.14	1.12	1.08	1
Er	2.99	3.19	3.03	2.94	2.99	2.88	2.94	3.23	3.01	2.92	2.85
Tm	0.34	0.37	0.33	0.34	0.36	0.33	0.33	0.38	0.34	0.34	0.33
Yb	2.17	2.22	2.15	2.13	2.13	2.11	2.05	2.29	2.25	2.08	2.06
Lu	0.32	0.34	0.32	0.31	0.31	0.3	0.31	0.34	0.32	0.3	0.29
ΣREE	1098.48	1174.38	1148.08	1141.37	1184.2	1079.45	1152.83	1208.22	1183.5	1149.54	1106.72
LREE	1066.74	1140.71	1115.98	1110.52	1152.15	1048.89	1121.61	1175.21	1150.27	1117.53	1076.87
HREE	31.74	33.67	32.1	30.85	32.05	30.57	31.22	33.01	33.23	32.01	29.85
LREE/HREE	33.61	33.88	34.77	36	35.95	34.32	35.92	35.6	34.62	34.92	36.07
(La/Yb)_N	97.77	103.01	104.84	106.12	111.89	101.15	110.47	103.74	102.2	106.9	106.83
(La/Sm)_N	8.73	9.03	9.01	9.53	9.74	9.31	9.23	9.39	9.43	8.87	9.77
(Gd/Yb)_N	6.25	6.59	6.51	6.2	6.56	6.25	6.59	6.13	6.46	6.78	6.3
δEu	0.78	0.79	0.77	0.79	0.78	0.76	0.79	0.79	0.78	0.78	0.8
δCe	0.92	0.92	0.91	0.91	0.9	0.91	0.92	0.92	0.93	0.92	0.9

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表 3 白层超基性岩铂族元素分析结果及特征值

Table 3. PGE compositions and characteristic parameters of Baiceng ultramafic rock

10^-9
样品号	Ir	Ru	Rh	Pt	Pd	∑PGE	PPGE/IPGE	Pd/Ir	Pd/Ru	Pd/Rh	Pt/Pd	Pt/Pt*
εk₅²-1	0.165	2.69	0.108	0.051	2.62	2.676	0.975	15.941	0.976	24.262	0.020	2.970
εk₅²-2	0.124	2.34	0.111	0.037	1.01	1.046	0.469	8.142	0.431	9.064	0.036	4.110
εk₅²-3	0.125	2.36	0.105	0.045	1.78	1.825	0.776	14.272	0.753	16.966	0.025	3.210
εk₅²-4	0.169	2.31	0.121	0.040	2.28	2.322	0.986	13.494	0.988	18.926	0.018	2.590
εk₅²-5	0.086	2.19	0.098	0.043	2.38	2.426	1.107	27.710	1.086	24.353	0.018	2.670
εk₅²-6	0.074	2.74	0.105	0.052	2.46	2.509	0.929	33.393	0.896	23.315	0.021	3.170
εk₅²-8	0.085	2.46	0.115	0.040	2.26	2.300	0.950	26.663	0.920	19.603	0.018	2.830
εk₅²-9	0.153	2.13	0.105	0.037	2.47	2.506	1.143	16.108	1.158	23.598	0.015	2.460
εk₅²-10	0.104	2.44	0.104	0.055	2.45	2.501	1.025	23.486	1.004	23.583	0.022	2.840
εk₅²-11	0.134	2.45	0.140	0.046	1.73	1.772	0.741	12.863	0.706	12.322	0.026	2.920
εk₅²-12	0.134	2.18	0.093	0.031	1.52	1.556	0.712	11.342	0.699	16.451	0.021	3.410

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