中国地质科学院地质力学研究所主办
高级检索

断裂引起的应变量计算方法

,  , 

文章导航 > 地质力学学报 > 2008 > 14(4): 320-327

上一篇

下一篇

许顺山, Nieto-SamaniegoAF, Alaniz-ÁlvarezSA. 断裂引起的应变量计算方法[J]. 地质力学学报, 2008, 14(4): 320-327.
引用本文: 许顺山, Nieto-SamaniegoAF, Alaniz-ÁlvarezSA. 断裂引起的应变量计算方法[J]. 地质力学学报, 2008, 14(4): 320-327.
shu
XU Shun-shan, Nieto-Samaniego AF, Alaniz-Álvarez SA. METHODS TO CALCULATE THE FAULT-RELATED STRAIN[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2008, 14(4): 320-327.
Citation: XU Shun-shan, Nieto-Samaniego AF, Alaniz-Álvarez SA. METHODS TO CALCULATE THE FAULT-RELATED STRAIN[J]. Journal of Geomechanics, 2008, 14(4): 320-327.
shu

断裂引起的应变量计算方法

  • 墨西哥国立自治大学, 地球科学中心, 墨西哥 76001

  • 基金项目:
    墨西哥自然科学基金项目(编号: 89867)的部分成果
详细信息
    作者简介: 许顺山(1963-), 男, 1998年于中国地质大学获博士学位。2000年到2004年在墨西哥国立自治大学和石油研究院做博士后工作。现为墨西哥国立自治大学教授。主要从事构造地质及石油地质工作。E-mail:sxu@dragon.geociencias.unam.mx

  • 中图分类号: P54

METHODS TO CALCULATE THE FAULT-RELATED STRAIN

  • National Autonomous University of Mexico

    摘要

  • 本文介绍了断裂引起的应变量计算方法。断裂作用可导致连续应变和非连续应变。连续应变与断裂位移断裂长度比值及断裂面上有效应力成正相关关系。影响非连续应变的因素有:断裂几何形态、断裂的旋转性、断裂规模。已经提出三种断裂旋转机制:刚性旋转, 垂直剪切和斜向剪切。对于这三种机制, 我们分别建立了断裂非连续应变的计算公式。这些公式与断裂的旋转角度和位移大小相关。刚性旋转时, 断块内部没有任何塑性变形, 因此地层的长度没有变化。它引起的非连续应变最小。垂直剪切作用使断块内地层变形, 但水平方向的地层长度不变。推算的公式表明, 对于相同的原始数据, 它引起的非连续应变比刚性旋转机制引起的非连续应变大。斜向剪切也使断块内地层变形, 但水平方向的长度也不变。在同等条件下, 它引起的非连续应变比垂直剪切机制引起的非连续应变大。

    This paper presents some methods for calculation of fault strain. The faulting can produce continuous and discontinuous strain. The continuous strain has positive relationship with the ratio of fault displacement vs fault length and with the effective stress on the fault plane. When calculating the discontinuous fault strain, we should consider three factors that affect the establishment of equations: fault geometry, fault rotation, and fault size or fault displacement. There have been three mechanisms of fault rotation: rigid-body, vertical shear, and oblique shear. For these models, the calculation equations are established, respectively. These equations are related to the rotation angle and displacement of fault. For the rigid-body model, the fault has no internal deformation, thus the bed remain its length after rotation. The discontinuous strain due to this mechanism is smallest. The vertical shear produces bed deformation, whereas the horizontal length of bed does not change.The established equation indicates that, using the same data, the discontinuous fault strain is larger than that for the rigid-body model. Similarly, the oblique shear also causes bed deformation, but the horizontal length of bed remains constant. The obtained equation implies that the discontinuous fault strain is larger than that for the vertical shear model in the same condition.

    • HTML全文
  • 加载中

  • 图 1  一系列地堑和地垒引起地壳水平拉伸为Lf -L0。所以水平方向的应变为(Lf -L0) L0

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  断裂引起的塑性应变随深度和D/L比率的变化

    Figure 2. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3  断裂刚性旋转示意图

    Figure 3. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 4  断裂旋转的简单剪切模型

    Figure 4. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  断裂和地层都不发生旋转的断块示意图

    Figure 5. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6  刚性旋转机制断块示意图

    Figure 6. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 7  垂直剪切机制断块示意图

    Figure 7. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 8  垂直剪切机制与斜向剪切机制拉伸量的对比

    Figure 8. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 9  墨西哥中央桌子山San Miguelito地区剖面地质图

    Figure 9. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表 1  据断裂形态和断裂旋转性的断裂分类(Wernicke, 1982) [6]

    Table 1.  The types of faults based on the geometry and rotation of faults[6]

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  图 9中各断块的断裂应变计算(据Xu等2004[12])

    Table 2.  Results of strains of the fault blocks in Fig. 9 (From Xu et al., 2004[12])

    下载: 导出CSV
    • 参考文献(12)
  • [1]

    Jamison WR.Fault -fracture strain in Wingate Sandstone[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1989, 11 (8): 959~974. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(89)90047-3

    [2]

    Wojtal S. Measuring displacement gradients and strains in faulted rocks[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1989, 11 (6): 669~678. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(89)90003-5

    [3]

    Peacock DCP, Sanderson DJ. Estimating strain from fault slip using a line sample[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1993, 15 (12): 1513~ 1516. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(93)90011-X

    [4]

    Gauthier B, Angelier J. Fault tectonics and deformation: A method of quantification using field data[J]. Earth Planet Science Letters, 1985, 74 (1):137~148. doi: 10.1016/0012-821X(85)90173-6

    [5]

    Schultz RA, Fossen H. Displacement-length scaling in three dimensions:the importance of aspect ratio and application to deformation bands[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 2002, 24 (9):1389~1411. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8141(01)00146-8

    [6]

    Wernicke B, Burchfiel BC. Modes of extensional tectonics[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1982, 4: 105~ 115. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(82)90021-9

    [7]

    Jackson JA. Active normal faulting and crustal extension[A]. In: Coward MP, Dewey JF, Hancock PL. Continental Extensional Tectonics[C]. London: Geological Society, 1987, 28: 3~ 17.https://www.mendeley.com/research-papers/active-normal-faulting-crustal-extension/

    [8]

    Gibbs AD. Balanced cross-section construction from seismic sections in areas of extensional tectonics[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1983, 5 (2):153~ 160. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(83)90040-8

    [9]

    Gibbs AD. Structural evolution of extensional basin margins[J]. Journal of the Geological Society, 1984, 141 (4): 609~620. doi: 10.1144/gsjgs.141.4.0609

    [10]

    Westaway R, Kusznir N.Fault and bed " rotation" during continental extension: block rotation or vertical shear?[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1993, 15 (6):753~770. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(93)90060-N

    [11]

    White NJ, Jackson JA, McKenzie DP. The relationship between the geometry of normal faults and that of the sedimentary layers in their hanging walls[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1986, 8 (8):897~909. doi: 10.1016/0191-8141(86)90035-0

    [12]

    Xu S, Nieto-Samaniego AF, Alaniz- Álvarez SA. Tilting mechanism in domino faults of the Sierra de San M iguelito, CentralM exico [J]. Geologica Acta, 2004, 2 (3): 189~ 202. http://www.redalyc.org/resumen.oa?id=50520301

    • 相关文章
  • 施引文献
  • 资源附件(0)
  • 加载中

图(9)

表(2)

计量
  • 文章访问数:  489
  • PDF下载数:  3
  • 施引文献:  0
出版历程
收稿日期:  2008-09-16
刊出日期:  2008-12-25

目录

    版权所有：中国地质调查局发展研究中心 copyright @2020
    返回