Hydrocarbon generation potential and gas genesis of Cretaceous source rocks in Hesigewula Sag, western margin of Great Khingan
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摘要:
大兴安岭西缘贺斯格乌拉凹陷为新发现凹陷，其潜在烃源岩的生烃潜力及天然气成因尚未有过系统研究。对该凹陷3口参数井及部分煤田探井白垩系160块岩心样品进行有机岩石学、有机地球化学等分析，结合构造、沉积特征，系统分析了该凹陷白垩系泥岩生烃潜力，探讨了贺地1井天然气的成因类型。贺斯格乌拉凹陷下白垩统暗色泥岩有机质丰度较高，腾格尔组一段一般泥岩TOC平均为2.20%，腾格尔组二段TOC平均为3.67%；以Ⅱ1—Ⅱ2型有机质为主；成熟度较低，目前处于未熟-低熟阶段。贺地1井天然气甲烷碳同位素较轻，含量为-70.5‰~-68.2‰，结合甲烷氢同位素特征，认为该井天然气为生物成因气，二氧化碳还原与乙酸发酵混合生成。因所采岩心样品普遍浅于1000 m，推测凹陷深部（大于2000 m）已进入到生油高峰期，具有一定的油气勘探潜力。
Abstract:The Hesigewula Sag on the western margin of the Great Khingan is a newly-discovered sag where the hydrocarbon generation potential of its potential source rocks has not been systematically studied.Based on the analysis of organic petrology and organic geochemistry of 160 core samples from three parameter wells and some coalfield exploration wells in the Hesigewula Sag, and combined with tectonic and sedimentary characteristics, the hydrocarbon generation potential of Cretaceous mudstone in the Hesigewula Sag is systematically analyzed.The genetic types of natural gas in Well Hedi 1 are also discussed.The total organic carbon of Lower Cretaceous dark mudstone in Hesigewula Sag is high.The average TOC of K1bt1mudstone is 2.20% and the K1bt2 is 3.67%.The type of the organic matter is Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2.The degree of thermal evolution is relatively low, and it is at the stage of immature-low maturity.The carbon isotope of methane in Well Hedi 1 is relatively light, with contents ranging from -70.5‰ to -68.2‰.Combined with the hydrogen isotope characteristics of methane, it is considered that the natural gas in Well Hedi 1 is biogenic gas, which is produced by the mixture of carbon dioxide reduction and acetic acid fermentation.Because the core samples are generally collected less than 1000 meters at depth, it is presumed that the deep part of the depression(more than 2000 meters) has entered the peak period of oil generation, which has a certain exploration potential.
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表 1 腾一段与腾二段氢指数分布
Table 1. Hydrogen index distribution of K1bt1and K1bt2
地层 腾二段 腾一段 HI/(mg·g-1) 309(84) 519.5(72) 24~727 16~1014 注: 309(84), 309为均值; 84为样品数; 24~727，24为最小值; 727为最大值；腾一段类似 
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表 2 贺地1井天然气稳定碳氢同位素特征
Table 2. Characteristics of stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of natural gas in well Hedi 1
采样地点及深度 δ13CCH4/‰ δDCH4/‰ 贺地1井 712 m -70.5 -290 716 m -68.2 -281
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