摘要:
根据云南南洞地下河系统2008年旱季的水化学分析结果,利用因子分析方法探讨地下水水质的影响因素及程度,结果表明:流域地下水成分变动范围较大,具有明显的空间变异性;地下水水质受人类活动、水岩作用过程和土壤等自然因素的共同影响,三个因素能够解释地下水水质形成的79%,其中人类活动是主要影响因素;地下水中的Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、Na+、K+主要受人类活动特别是农业和生活废水等因素的控制,Ca2+主要是水-岩作用的产物,但也受人类活动的影响,pH值、电导率受水岩作用过程和人类活动的影响,Mg2+、HCO3-受土壤CO2含量和水-岩作用过程的共同影响。
Abstract:
An attempt was made to distinguish the natural and anthropogenic processes and factors responsible for groundwater quality.R-mode factor analysis was applied for the sets of chemical data,i.e.pH,EC,HCO-3,Ca2+,Mg2+,Na+,K+, SO2-4,NO-3 and Cl-in the Nandong underground river system.Groundwater samples and surface water samples were collected at 42 and 15 locations in 2008,respectively.Analytical results of these groundwater samples show that the Nandong underground river system has very variable chemical compositions and spatial variability.By applying the R-mode factor analysis,three factors were obtained,which explained the characterization of groundwater quality and identified the sources for the presence of ions and their geochemical processes.It was found that the anthropogenic contribution is responsible for Cl-,NO-3,SO2-4,Na+ and K+ in groundwater.The natural dissolution of existing rocks of carbonate is the common influencing source for Ca2+ in groundwater.However,the anthropogenic contribution is also responsible for Ca2+ in groundwater.The natural and human-influenced processes are responsible for pH,EC of groundwater.Mg2+,HCO-3 are influenced by the factors of soil and water-rock interactions,respectively.The concentrations of CO2 in soil and the water-rock interactions are responsible for Mg2+,HCO-3 in the groundwater.The anthropogenic processes are the most important influencing factors for groundwater quality in the Nandong underground river system.
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