前陆盆地盆山耦合及其物质交换
Coupling and Mass Exchanging in Foreland-thrust Systems
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摘要: 前陆盆地为汇聚板块边界的典型盆地代表，其沉降的动力机制主要有构造挠曲、俯冲动力以及各种重力负载。其盆山耦合可观测的表现是各种镜像或对应关系，包括造山带隆起与盆地沉降，造山带推进与前陆盆地迁移，造山作用终止与盆地消亡，幕式、韵律性的表浅层物质转移等，其根源是汇聚板块统一的区域地球动力学及运动学过程。盆山耦合过程中物质交换在表浅层完成从山到盆以碎屑物质为主的转移，在中深层表现为各种脆性断层及方式不一、方向各异的复杂的韧性流变。盆地与造山带是统一区域动力作用的不同产物，二者在形成、演化过程中表现出复杂的相互直接作用或间接影响。Abstract: As typical representatives of convergent-type basins, foreland basins subside due to compressive flexural tectonics and, dynamic subducted slabs, as well as various gravitational loads. Events observed in foreland-thrust coupling are corresponding or symmetrical phenomena phenomenon such as orogen rising and basin subsiding, orogen advancing and basin migrating, orogeny ending and basin overfilling, and rhythmic/or cyclic transfusion transfer etc.. Dominated radically by entire dynamics and kinematics in convergence belts, mass exchange during foreland-thrust coupling are represented by clast transfusion transfer from orogen to basin and brittle faults in superficial layers, and heterogeneous ductile flow of multimode and multidirection in deep layers. Both foreland basins and adjacent orogens are resulted from the entire regional dynamics with complicated direct or indirect interactions.
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Key words:
- foreland basins /
- subsidence dynamics /
- coupling /
- mass exchange
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