都江堰市龙池镇黄央沟泥石流特征与防治工程效果分析
Analysis on the Debris Flow Characteristics and Effectiveness of Prevention Projects in Huangyang Gully in Longchi Town of Dujiangyan City
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摘要: 黄央沟位于“5.12”汶川地震的极重灾区四川省都江堰市龙池镇，地震使沟内山体发生大规模的滑坡和崩塌，其为泥石流的形成提供了丰富的松散固体物质。地震后黄央沟泥石流十分活跃，2010年8月13日、8月18日和2013年7月9日均暴发了泥石流，造成了严重的经济损失。笔者通过对黄央沟泥石流灾害现场进行实地调查，详细分析了黄央沟泥石流的形成条件和发育特征，并对已有防治工程效果进行了分析和探讨。针对防治工程存在的问题和黄央沟泥石流的特点，建议在沟道下游和堆积区修建排导沟，使泥石流顺畅排入龙溪河；采取工程和生物措施来稳定沟道内的崩滑堆积体和不稳定斜坡，减少泥石流物源；沟口公路采用高架桥跨越方式通过泥石流堆积扇。该研究结果可为强震区泥石流灾害的防治提供参考。Abstract: Huangyang gully is located in Longchi town of Dujiangyan city, a severe disaster area of Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan province. The earthquake induced large scale collapses and landslides which provided plenty of loose solid material for debris flow. The debris flow activity was very active after earthquake. Under the effect of heavy rainfall, debris flow occurred in the Huangyang gully both on August 13 and August 18 of 2010 as well as on July 9 of 2013, which has caused serious economic losses. Based on the field investigation of debris flow disaster, this paper presented a detailed analysis of the formation conditions and development characteristics of the debris flow, and discussed the effectiveness of debris flow prevention projects. For the problems of prevention projects and the characteristics of debris flow, following measures has been put forward by the authors: building drainage ditches in the downstream and accumulation region of debris flow to make the debris flow into Longxi river smoothly; and taking engineering and biological measures to stabilize landslides accumulation body and unstable slopes; besides, the road in the exit position of debris flow should adopt viaduct across the debris flow fan. The study results could provide a reference for the prevention and control of debris flow disaster in strong earthquake area.
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