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非硫化物型锌-铅矿床研究现状及其进展

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范廷宾, 李昊, 徐兴旺, 董连慧. 非硫化物型锌-铅矿床研究现状及其进展[J]. 西北地质, 2018, 51(2): 147-159.
引用本文: 范廷宾, 李昊, 徐兴旺, 董连慧. 非硫化物型锌-铅矿床研究现状及其进展[J]. 西北地质, 2018, 51(2): 147-159.
shu
FAN Tingbin, LI Hao, XU Xingwang, DONG Lianhui. Research Status and Progress of Nonsulfide Zinc-Lead Deposit[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2018, 51(2): 147-159.
Citation: FAN Tingbin, LI Hao, XU Xingwang, DONG Lianhui. Research Status and Progress of Nonsulfide Zinc-Lead Deposit[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2018, 51(2): 147-159.
shu

非硫化物型锌-铅矿床研究现状及其进展

  • 1.

    新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000;新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查 开发局第八地质大队, 新疆 阿克苏 843000

  • 2.

    中国科学院矿产资源研究重点实验室, 中国科学院地质与 地球物理研究所, 北京 100029;中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

  • 3.

    新疆维吾尔自治区地质矿产勘查开发局, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830000

  • 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金委员会国家自然科学基金项目“喀喇昆仑地区火烧云巨型铅锌碳酸盐矿床形成机制与成矿构造背景”（41672088），新疆地质勘查基金项目管理中心中央返还两权价款资金综合研究项目“新疆西昆仑乔尔天山一带中生代沉积盆地铅锌矿控矿条件及矿床成因研究”（Y15-1-LQ07）资助

Research Status and Progress of Nonsulfide Zinc-Lead Deposit

  • 1.

    Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China;No.8 Geological Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Aksu 843000, Xinjiang, China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources of CAS, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

  • 3.

    Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

    摘要
  • 非硫化物型锌-铅矿床主要由一系列锌、铅"氧化物"组成。非硫化物型锌-铅矿床可以分为表生和深成2种类型。表生非硫化物矿床的形成主要与表生的氧化作用有关，主要含有菱锌矿、异极矿、白铅矿等；根据成矿方式的不同分为直接交代型、围岩交代型、残余-岩溶充填型。深成非硫化物矿床的形成主要与热液流体的有关，主要含有硅锌矿、菱锌矿、白铅矿等；根据形成的不同方式被分为构造控制型矿床与层状矿床。深成矿床显示与表生矿床不同的C-O同位素特点。笔者主要讨论非硫化物型铅锌矿床的特征及成因机制，并介绍中国火烧云锌-铅矿床的研究进展。火烧云铅锌矿已探明锌-铅金属资源量大于1 700万t，已成为中国新的最大铅锌矿。矿床成矿矿物以菱锌矿、白铅矿、方铅矿与闪锌矿为主，最新研究结果表明矿床主要经历2期成矿作用：早期的铅锌碳酸盐阶段（主要）与晚期的铅锌硫化物阶段。其矿床地质特征及稳定同位素特征显示火烧云铅锌矿床为深成层状（喷流）的非硫化物型锌-铅矿床。
    The nonsulfide zinc-lead deposits are composed of zinc and lead "oxides". Nonsulfide zinc-lead deposits are classified as supergene and hypogene deposits. The supergene deposits are primarily formed by the supergene oxidation, which are mainly composed of smithsonite, hemimorphite and cerussite. These supergene nonsulfide deposits consist of three subtypes, as as direct-replacement deposits, wall-rock replacement deposit, and residual and karst-fill deposit. The hypogene deposits are mainly formed by the hydrothermal solutions which consist dominantly of willemite, smithsonite and cerussite. These hypogene deposits are subdivided into structurally controlled deposit and stratiform deposit. The hypogene deposits show distinct carbon and oxygen compositions with the supergene deposits. In this paper, the characteristics and genesis of the nonsulfide deposits have been presented, and the research progress on the Huoshaoyun zinc-lead deposit has been introduced. The Huoshaoyun deposit is the largest zinc-lead deposit in China, with the zinc-ead metal reserve of more than 17 million tonnes. This deposit is primarily composed of smithsonite, cerussite, galena and sphalerite. The latest research show that this deposit was experienced two ore-forming stages:an early and primary zinc-lead carbonate ore-forming stage, and a late zinc-lead sulfide ore-forming stage. The geological characteristics and stable isotope features indicate that the Huoshaoyun deposit is a stratiform (exhalative) hypogene nonsulfide zinc-lead deposit.
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收稿日期:  2017-10-02
修回日期:  2017-12-29
刊出日期:  2018-06-15

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