Determination of the optimal factors of seismic excitation and reception on the ground surface of carbonate mountainous areas in Pengshui area and its seismic acquisition effects
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摘要: 彭水地区位于四川盆地东南缘武陵褶皱带,属于典型的喀斯特岩溶山地地貌,具有十分复杂的近地表结构,导致地震采集效果差、信噪比低,严重影响油气勘探效果。对此重点开展了碳酸盐岩裸露山地地表条件下的炸药药型、激发方式、激发井深、激发药量等激发试验以及干扰波调查、检波器类型、组合方式等接收试验与研究,优选了一套具有较好经济性与可操作性的激发与接收参数,建立了针对复杂山地地形的激发点位优选技术;与以往资料相比,新采集单炮记录能量、信噪比及一级品率明显提高,新资料处理剖面显示了较为丰富的信息,反射特征清楚、信噪比较高,在碳酸盐岩地表区显示出明显的地震构造格局。Abstract: The Pengshui area,located in the Wuling fold belt at the southeast margin of Sichuan Basin,has a typical karst mountain landform and very complex near-surface structures.Such a geological setting leads to a poor seismic acquisition effect and a low signal to noise ratio (SNR),which seriously affects the oil and gas exploration in this area.This study carried out the excitation tests and research,such as charge type,excitation mode,excitation well depth,and excitation dose,as well as receiving tests on interference wave investigation and geophone types and their combination means on the ground surface in the mountainous areas with exposed carbonate rocks.Furthermore,this study selected a set of excitation and receiving parameters with a strong economy and maneuverability and established the technology used to determine the optimal excitation point location for complex mountainous terrain.Compared with the previous data,this study achieved significantly improved energy,SNR,and first-grade product rate of the newly acquired single-shot records.Moreover,the new data processing profiles obtained in this study show rich information,clear reflection characteristics,and high SNR and display a distinct seismic tectonic pattern of carbonate rock area.
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Key words:
- Pengshui area /
- carbonate surface /
- seismic acquisition /
- excitation and receive /
- SNR
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