Research progress and prospect of carbon sink in karst region of China
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摘要:
20世纪90年代，我国率先开展了岩溶作用与碳循环研究。文章在系统总结相关研究进展的基础上，阐明岩溶碳汇的原理，提出基于地球系统科学理念的岩溶流域6种碳循环过程模式，揭示了岩溶碳汇的稳定性并回答有关学者对岩溶碳汇的质疑，从四大圈层的碳循环角度提出发掘岩溶地区碳汇潜力的新理念。在综述岩溶地区碳汇人工干预研究进展的基础上，分析了石漠化综合治理、岩溶土壤改良、水生生物固碳、加速岩溶过程等人工干预措施的碳汇潜力及研究应用方面的不足。提出了下一步岩溶流域碳汇调查研究监测和技术创新发展方向，以及固碳增汇试验示范工作思路。
Abstract:In the 1990s, karst scientists in China took the lead in the study of karst processes and carbon cycle. Based on systematically summarizing research progresses of the carbon cycle and carbon sink in the karst regions, this paper illustrates the principle of the karst carbon sink, puts forward the six kinds of carbon cycle models on the base of the earth system science idea, reveals the stability of karst carbon sink and answers the question of some geological scholars about karst carbon sink, and proposes a new idea to explore carbon sink potential of karst regions from the carbon cycle angle among earth atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. Based on the review of research progresses on carbon sink in the karst regions, the carbon sink potential and shortage of the artificial intervention measure on the comprehensive treatment of rocky desertification, improvement of karst soil, carbon sequestration of aquatic plants and accelerating of karst processes have been analyzed. In the last of the paper, the development direction on investigation, researches and monitoring of carbon sink and technological innovation in the karst basins are given, meanwhile, the working idea for test and demonstration of carbon sequestration and carbon sink increase in karst basin are proposed.
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Key words:
- carbon cycle /
- carbon dioxide sink /
- karst basin /
- research progress /
- China
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表 1 流域尺度岩溶系统碳循环过程及其碳源汇效应
Table 1. Carbon cycle process and carbon source sink effect of karst system at watershed scale
序号 碳循环过程 碳源项 碳汇项 碳源汇效应 1 岩溶空间CO2循环 洞穴碳排放 洞穴空气碳封存 汇大于源 2 岩溶水系统碳循环 水体碳排放 重碳酸根、颗粒有机碳、生物碳泵 汇大于源 3 岩溶土壤系统碳循环 土壤呼吸、土壤有机碳分解 土壤有机碳、土壤空气CO2、碳酸钙结核无机碳 汇大于源 4 岩溶植物系统碳循环 植物呼吸、植物有机碳分解 植物有机碳、根系有机碳 汇大于源 5 岩溶沉积物碳循环 沉积过程碳排放 沉积物有机碳 源大于汇 6 岩溶区人类活动碳循环 产业碳排放、人类活动碳排放 碳排放岩溶吸收、碳地质封存 源大于汇 
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