Nitrate pollution characteristics and identification of nitrate sources in Baotu Spring area of Jinan
-
摘要:
为有效防治硝酸盐污染，保障区域饮用水安全，识别硝酸盐的污染来源，在系统分析济南趵突泉水文地质条件的基础上，进行岩溶水取样调查，采用N、O双同位素技术，识别其泉域内硝酸盐的主要污染来源，并利用IsoSource模型定量计算各污染来源的贡献率。结果表明：趵突泉泉域岩溶水中硝酸盐主要污染来源有动物粪便与污水、土壤有机氮、化肥中的NH
$_4^{+}$ Abstract:Under the control of the topography and the geologic structure, karst water in Baotu Spring of Jinan City is supplied in the southern mountain area, and flows from south to north along the karst fractures. In front of the northern mountain, karst water runoff is blocked by the hidden igneous rock mass. Therefore, many famous springs have been formed. Karst is developed in the spring area with the aquifer lithology of primary Cambrian and Ordovician limestone. The geological structure of this area is complex with low mountains in the south and the piedmont sloping plain in the north.
In recent years, with the rapid development of industry and agriculture, activities such as industrial production, agricultural planting and domestic waste discharge have led to different degrees of pollution of karst water in Jinan. Among these different types of pollution, the surface pollution caused by nitrate, one of the main pollutants in the spring area, is more prominent and related to the safety of water environment and local people's health. In order to effectively identify the sources of nitrate pollution, prevent the pollution, and ensure the safety of local drinking water, we carried out the accurate qualitative and quantitative identification of nitrate pollution sources in this study, according to the traditional water chemical analysis, the values of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes and the quantitative source analysis model.
Based on the systematic hydrogeological analysis of Baotu Spring in Jinan, we collected 21 groups of nitrate samples of karst water, 14 groups of nitrogen and oxygen isotope samples, 2 groups of sewage isotope samples and 1 group of isotope samples for atmospheric precipitation from the end of May to the beginning of June, 2016. According to the analysis of test data, the nitrate concentration presents a large degree of dispersion in spatial distribution, with a coefficient of variation of 80%, which shows that the nitrate concentration is greatly affected by hydrogeological conditions and human activities.
Because nitrates from different sources have different δ15N and δ18O values, combined with the investigation of pollution sources, the main sources of nitrate pollution in karst water in the study area are animal manure and sewage, soil organic nitrogen, and NH
$_4^{+}$ $_4^{+}$ $_4^{+}$ $_4^{+}$ $_4^{+}$ -
Key words:
- nitrate /
- nitrogen and oxygen isotopes /
- karst water /
- Baotu Spring area
-
-
表 1 岩溶水
${\rm{NO}}_3^{-}$ 浓度测试结果统计（mg·L−1）Table 1. Test results of nitrate concentration (mg·L−1)
最大值 最小值 均值 标准差 变异系数 2016年枯水期 215.45 3.47 62.93 50.65 0.80 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 岩溶水硝酸盐氮氧同位素水样测试结果（2016年枯水期）
Table 2. Test results of nitrogen and oxygen isotopes during the dry season of 2016
采样时间 编号 δ15N‰ δ18O‰ 
/mg·L−1DO/mg·L−1 2016.5 JS15 8.38 3.26 65.1 3.51 2016.5 JS10 11.49 2.83 110.15 2.24 2016.5 JS26 10.17 1.64 49.51 4.09 2016.5 JS36 12.76 2.67 105.47 5.02 2016.5 JS09 10.97 0.89 34.22 3.21 2016.5 JS05 10.15 3.45 61.02 3.55 2016.6 JS16 5.14 −2.08 215.45 3.92 2016.5 JS17 9.37 1.35 83.75 4.35 2016.5 JS18 8.13 0.48 40.17 3.57 2016.5 JS19 7.36 3.60 37.92 5.02 2016.5 JS20 9.13 4.03 96.45 3.67 2016.5 JS31 8.76 3.63 42.72 4.36 2016.5 JS33 9.12 3.12 51.70 3.60 2016.5 JS21 7.11 1.29 168.30 3.42
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 研究区硝酸盐污染来源贡献率计算结果一览表
Table 3. Proportions of nitrate pollution sources in the study area
编号 污水/% 土壤/% 化肥/% 东部 JS15 51 13 36 JS10 68 22 10 JS26 55 32 13 JS36 75 25 0 JS09 57 41 2 JS05 63 13 24 西部 JS16 9 63 28 JS17 49 34 17 JS18 38 41 21 JS19 46 8 46 JS20 59 6 35 JS31 55 9 36 JS33 55 15 30 JS21 35 31 34
下载: 导出CSV
-
[1] Kohl D H, Shearer G B, Commoner B. Fertilizer nitrogen contribution to nitrate in surface water in a corn belt watershed[J]. Science, 1971, 174(4016):1331-1334. doi: 10.1126/science.174.4016.1331
[2] Böttcher J, Strebel O, Voerkelius S, Schmidt H L. Using isotope fractionation of nitrate-nitrogen and nitrate-oxygen for evaluation of microbial denitrification in a sandy aquifer[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 1990, 114(3-4):413-424. doi: 10.1016/0022-1694(90)90068-9
[3] Johannsen A, Daehnke K, Emeis K. Isotopic composition of nitrate in five German rivers discharging into the North Sea[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2008, 39(12):1678-1689. doi: 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2008.03.004
[4] 周爱国, 陈银琢, 蔡鹤生, 刘存富, 杨琰. 水环境硝酸盐氮污染研究新方法:15N和18O相关法[J]. 地球科学—中国地质大学学报, 2003, 28(2):219-224.
ZHOU Aiguo, CHEN Yinzhuo, CAI Hesheng, LIU Cunfu, YANG Yan. New way in NO3 −-N contamination study of water environment: Correlative method of 15N & 18O[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2003, 28(2):219-224.
[5] 卢丽, 李文莉, 裴建国, 王喆. 基于IsoSource的桂林寨底地下河硝酸盐来源定量研究[J]. 地球学报, 2014, 35(2):248-254. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2014.02.18
LU Li, LI Wenli, PEI Jianguo, WANG Zhe. A quantitative study of the sources of nitrate of Zhaidi underground river in Guilin based on IsoSource[J]. Acta Geoscientica Sinica, 2014, 35(2):248-254. doi: 10.3975/cagsb.2014.02.18
[6] 尹玉龙, 王周峰, 王文科, 陈立, 邢萌, 刘卫国. 利用氮氧同位素定量识别地下水中硝酸盐来源[J]. 水资源与水工程学报, 2015, 26(5):104-108. doi: 10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2015.05.020
YIN Yulong, WANG Zhoufeng, WANG Wenke, CHEN Li, XING Meng, LIU Weiguo. Quantitative identification of nitrate source in groundwater by using nitrogen and oxygen isotope[J]. Journal of Water Resources & Water Engineering, 2015, 26(5):104-108. doi: 10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2015.05.020
[7] 寇馨月, 丁军军, 李玉中, 毛丽丽, 李巧珍, 徐春英, 郑欠, 庄姗. 青岛市农区地下水硝态氮污染来源解析[J]. 环境科学, 2021, 42(7):3232-3241. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202010263
KOU Xinyue, DING Junjun, LI Yuzhong, MAO Lili, LI Qiaozhen, XU Chunying, ZHENG Qian, ZHUANG Shan. Identifying the sources of groudwater NO3 −-N in agricultural region of Qingdao[J]. Environmental Science, 2021, 42(7):3232-3241. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202010263
[8] 杨延梅, 张田, 郑明霞, 苏婧, 孙源媛, 傅雪梅. 基于水化学及当地稳定同位素的地下水硝酸盐污染空间分布特征及污染源解析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2021, 34(9):2164-2172. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.05.21
YANG Yanmei, ZHANG Tian, ZHENG Mingxia, SU Jing, SUN Yuanyuan, FU Xuemei. Spatial distribution characteristics and pollution source analysis of nitrate pollution in groundwater based on hydrochemisty and local stable isotopes[J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2021, 34(9):2164-2172. doi: 10.13198/j.issn.1001-6929.2021.05.21
[9] 孙亚乔, 王晓冬, 校康, 段磊, 吕梓昊. 淡水环境中氮污染同位素示踪的研究进展[J]. 生态环境学报, 2020, 29(8):1693-1702. doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.08.022
SUN Yaqiao, WANG Xiaodong, XIAO Kang, DUAN Lei, LV Zihao. Research progress of nitrogen pollution isotope tracing in freshwater environment[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2020, 29(8):1693-1702. doi: 10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2020.08.022
[10] 吴锡松, 张强, 姜光辉, 郭芳, 吴华英, 骆俊晖. 桂林甑皮岩岩溶地下水硝酸盐来源与转化[J]. 中国岩溶, 2020, 39(2):164-172.
WU Xisong, ZHANG Qiang, JIANG Guanghui, GUO Fang, WU Huaying, LUO Junhui. Sources and transformation of nitrate in karst groundwater of Zengpiyan site, Guilin[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2020, 39(2):164-172.
[11] 孙斌, 邢立亭, 彭玉明, 李常锁. 济南十大泉群特征、形成模式及水循环差异性浅析[J]. 中国岩溶, 2021, 40(3):409-419.
SUN Bin, XING Liting, PENG Yuming, LI Changsuo. Characteristics, formation models and water cycle differences of ten major spring groups in Jinan City[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2021, 40(3):409-419.
[12] Heaton T H E. Isotopic studies of nitrogen pollution in the hydrosphere and atmosphere: A review[J]. Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience Section, 1986, 59:87-102. doi: 10.1016/0168-9622(86)90059-X
[13] 刘君, 陈宗宇. 利用稳定同位素追踪石家庄市地下水中的硝酸盐来源[J]. 环境科学, 2009, 30(6):1602-1607. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0250-3301.2009.06.007
LIU Jun, CHEN Zongyu. Using stable isotope to trace the sources of nitrate in groundwater in Shijiazhuang[J]. Environmental Science, 2009, 30(6):1602-1607. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0250-3301.2009.06.007
[14] 张千千, 缪丽萍, 孙继朝, 刘景涛. 稳定同位素识别水体硝酸盐污染来源的研究进展[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2015, 24(5):742-749.
ZHANG Qianqian, MIAO Liping, SUN Jichao, LIU Jingtao. Research advances in identifying nitrate pollution sources of water environment by using stable isotopes[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2015, 24(5):742-749.
[15] 李瑞, 肖琼, 刘文, 郭芳, 潘谋成, 于奭. 运用硫同位素、氮氧同位素示踪里湖地下河硫酸盐、硝酸盐来源[J]. 环境科学, 2015, 36(8):2877-2886. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.08.020
LI Rui, XIAO Qiong, LIU Wen, GUO Fang, PAN Moucheng, YU Shi. Using δ34S-SO4 2− and δ15 N-NO3 −, δ18O-NO3 − to trace the sources of sulfur and nitrate in Lihu lake undergound water, Guangxi, China[J]. Environmental Science, 2015, 36(8):2877-2886. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.2015.08.020
[16] 王松, 裴建国, 梁建宏. 利用氮氧同位素研究桂林寨底地下河硝酸盐来源[J]. 地质灾害与环境保护, 2010, 21(4):54-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4362.2010.04.011
WANG Song, PEI Jianguo, LIANG Jianhong. Using nitrogen and oxygen isotope techniques to identify the sources of nitrate in subterranean stream of Zhaidi, Guilin[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation, 2010, 21(4):54-56. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-4362.2010.04.011
[17] Gillham R W, Cherry J A. Field evidence of denitrification in shallow groundwater flow systems[J]. Water Quality Research Journal, 1978, 13(1):53-72. doi: 10.2166/wqrj.1978.006
[18] Desimone, L A, Howes B L. Nitrogen transport and transformations in a shallow aquifer receiving wastewater discharge: A mass balance approach[J]. Water Resources Research, 1998, 34(2):271-285. doi: 10.1029/97WR03040
[19] 吴耀国. 地下水环境中反硝化作用[J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备, 2002, 3(3):27-31.
WU Yaoguo. Denitrification in groundwater systems[J]. Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2002, 3(3):27-31.
[20] 李扬, 杨桢, 康凤新, 刘金勇, 孙彦伟, 黄静波. 东阿水文地质单元地下水硝酸盐污染来源的同位素分析[J]. 中国岩溶, 2019, 38(1):19-27.
LI Yang, YANG Zhen, KANG Fengxin, LIU Jinyong, SUN Yanwei, HUANG Jingbo. Isotope analysis on the source of nitrate contamination to groundwater in the Dong'e hydrogeologic unit[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2019, 38(1):19-27.
-
图(6)
表(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 972
- PDF下载数: 12
- 施引文献: 0