The control of neo-tectonic activity over geothermal resource in the Taxkorgan Basin on the northeastern margin of the Pamir
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摘要:
帕米尔东北缘位于青藏高原西北部，是新构造运动最强烈的地区之一。受控于公格尔拉张断裂作用的塔什库尔干盆地，活动构造强烈，高的大地热流值和丰富的地下水，使其具备地热资源形成的地质构造和水文条件。基于塔什库尔干盆地北部的曲曼地区地质构造、湖相地层年代学调查研究，该地区发育晚更新世的NNE向f1和f2正断层以及第四纪沉积物之下存在隐伏的近EW向的断层f3。这3条断层是塔什库尔干断裂在不同构造演化时期形成的次级断层。结合EH-4电磁成像和钻孔及抽水试验等资料表明NNE向f1和f2正断层是地热系统的导水通道，而近EW向f3断层为导热通道。该地区地热模式是大地热流为热源-地下水深循环逐渐加热-构造控水和控热。
Abstract:The northeastern Pamir on the northwest margin of the Tibetan Plateau is one of the regions with strong neotectonic movement. Located in the northeastern Pamir, the Taxkorgan basin is controlled by regional Kongur tensile faulting. The strong neotectonism, high terrestrial heat and abundant underground water of the basin constitute the regional tectonic and hydrogeological conditions for geothermal resources. Tectonic investigation in Quman area of northern Taxkorgan basin indicates the NNE-striking normal faults of f1 and f2 were active in late Quaternary whereas the subtle EW-striking fault of f3, whose nature was different in different structural stages, was developed only below the Quaternary sediments. These faults are the secondary fractures of Tashkorgan fault formed in different tectonic episodes. Based on the data of geological structure, age model of the section of the lacustrine deposits, EH-4 electromagnetic image and drilling, the authors hold that the NNE-striking normal faults were conduit-pipe and EW-striking thrust fault was heat conduction pathway. The atmospheric precipitation from the surrounding areas of the basin was heated by convection heating along the intersection of the different striking faults. The geothermal model involves heat source from terrestrial heat flow, gradually heating of deep circulated underground water and tectonic control of water and heat.
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表 1 新疆塔县湖相地层碳屑的AMS14C测年结果
Table 1. AMS14C dating results of carbon deposits in the lacustrine strata of Taxian County, Xinjiang
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