Lithofacies paleogeography and shale oil and gas prospective analysis of the Ordovician Ningguo-Hule period in the Lower Yangtze region
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摘要:
研究目的 下扬子地区奥陶纪宁国—胡乐期发育2套黑色页岩，具备一定的页岩油气资源潜力，但其平面分布形态及厚度依然不清，因此开展岩相古地理研究对于探讨其页岩油气远景具有重大意义。
研究方法 本文对下扬子地区宁国—胡乐期沉积地层开展了详细的野外地质调查及室内测试分析，通过岩性、沉积构造和古生物化石组合等方面的研究来开展岩相古地理学研究。
研究结果 共识别出碳酸盐岩缓坡相和碎屑岩陆棚相2种沉积相类型。碳酸盐岩缓坡相主要发育于下扬子地区的北部和西部，依据岩性及生物特征进一步划分为浅水缓坡和深水缓坡，浅水缓坡岩性以生物亮晶灰岩、泥晶灰岩、泥质灰岩为主，深水缓坡主要发育瘤状灰岩、龟裂纹生物灰岩和页岩；碎屑岩陆棚相则主要发育于下扬子地区的南部和东部，可进一步细分为浅水陆棚和深水陆棚，二者的主要差异为深水陆棚中硅质含量增高、生物群变化及有机质含量增高。
结论 通过编图首次重建了下扬子地区宁国期—胡乐早期—胡乐晚期3个时期的岩相古地理，皖南的绩溪—旌德—宁国一线胡乐组页岩厚度大、有机质丰度高可成为下一步古生界页岩油气勘探的重点远景区。
Abstract:This paper is the result of oil and gas exploration engineering.
Objective Two sets of black shales occurred in the Ordovician Ningguo-Hule period in the Lower Yangzi region have some potential for shale oil and gas resources. However, the planar extension and vertical thickness of the shale are still unclear. Accordingly, petrographic paleogeographic studies are of greatest significance for exploring their hydrocarbon resource prospects.
Methods A detailed field geological survey and test analysis were carried out regarding the Ningguo-Huleian sedimentary strata in the Lower Yangtze area. Based on the study of lithology, sedimentary structure and paleontological fossil assemblages, we carry out the research of lithofacies paleogeography.
Results Two types of sedimentary facies are identified: carbonate gentle slope facies and clastic shelf facies. Carbonate gentle slope facies mainly existed in the northern and western parts of the Lower Yangtze region, and can be further divided into shallow water gentle slope and deep water gentle slope according to lithologic and biological characteristics. The shallow water gentle slope is dominated by biological spangled limestone, mud-crystal limestone and argillaceous limestone, while the deep water gentle slope is dominated by nodular limestone, turtle crack biolimestone and shale. The clastic shelf facies mainly developed in the southern and eastern parts of the Lower Yangzi region, and can be further divided into shallow- and deep-water shelves. The main differences between the two subfacies are the increased silica content, biota variation and higher organic matter content in the deep-water shelf.
Conclusions The study reconstructed three stages of the paleogeographic pattern during the Ningguo-Hule Period initially. The Hule Formation of Jixi-Jingde-Ningguo in Southern Anhui province has large shale thickness and high organic matter abundance, which can become a critical prospective zone of Paleozoic shale oil and gas.
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图 1 下扬子海相构造纲要图（据罗开平等, 2016修改）
Figure 1.
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