Provenance feature of Upper Oligocene to Early Miocene in Liwan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin and its influence on depositional filling
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摘要:
利用化学蚀变指数法恢复物源区的风化历史及沉积物通量是一种经济实用、行之有效的方法。前人对珠江口盆地荔湾凹陷对应物源区的研究相对薄弱。本文通过对区内岩心测试数据进行化学蚀变指数分析，恢复晚渐新世—早中新世物源区的风化历史，并进行沉积物通量的估算，在此基础上探讨物源特征对研究区内沉积充填的控制作用。研究表明，晚渐新世研究区对应物源区经历了强烈风化阶段，该阶段产生的丰富的沉积物供给是研究区西北部快速进积、规模壮观的陆架边缘三角洲及斜坡重力流沉积体系发育的重要控制因素之一；早中新世，西北物源区风化减弱，沉积供给减少，但研究区东部沉积物供应较西部要充分得多，表明早中新世，研究区南部除了来自西北部的主要物源外，局部物源对该时期的沉积具有重要影响；推测东部物源(东部古隆起、兴宁古隆起)的突然复活是促进研究区东部早中新世沟槽形成发育的重要原因之一。在超深水区进行沉积物源区的研究中，这种半定量的方法对盆内局部物源的确定具有重要的指示意义。
Abstract:The chemical alteration index method is an economic, practical and effective method for recovering the weathering history and sediment flux of the source area. The research on provenance feature of Liwan Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), has been insufficient. In this paper, the weathering history and sediment flux of source area during late Oligocene to early Miocene were restored by analysis of chemical alteration index (CIA) based on the core data. In addition, their influence on depositional filling in the study area was also discussed. The results show that the source area during late Oligocene in the study area experienced a strong weathering stage, and the abundant sediment supply in this period constituted one of the important controlling factors for the rapid progradation and spectacular scale of shelf margin delta and gravity flow depositional systems in the northwest of the study area. On the other hand, during the early Miocene, the weathering of NW provenance area weakened and the sediment supply was reduced, but the sediment supply in the eastern area was more sufficient than that in the western part. It is shown that, in addition to the main provenance from the northwest, the local provenance had an important influence on the depositional infilling pattern during the early Miocene. It is inferred that the sudden resurrection of the eastern provenance, i.e., the Eastern Paleo-uplift and the Xingning Uplift, constituted one of the important control factors for the formation and development of the early Miocene grooves in the eastern area. In the study of sediment source area in the ultra-deep water area, the semi-quantitative method of CIA has certain indicative meaning for the determination of local provenance in basin.
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图 5 研究区内沉积物通量与世界主要河流沉积物通量的比较(底图引自Mclennan, 1993)
Figure 5.
图 9 研究区东南部大洋钻探U1501井揭示的沉积速率特征 (据Larsen et al., 2018修改)
Figure 9.
表 1 研究区西北部A井CIA、沉积物通量计算一览表
Table 1. Calculation list of CIA and sediment flux in well A, northwest of the study area
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表 2 研究区东南部U1501井CIA、沉积物通量计算一览表
Table 2. Calculation list of CIA and sediment flux in well U1501, southeast of the study area
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