Hydrogeochemical characteristics and genetic model of Oiga Graben geothermal waters system in Tibet
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摘要:
通过沃卡地堑盆地地下热水水文地球化学特征研究，进行热储温度、补给高程计算，建立沃卡地堑地下热水系统中-高温地热概念模型。结果表明，沃卡温泉为中偏碱性水，溶解性总固体较低，水化学类型主要为SO4-Na型、SO4·Cl-Na型、HCO3·SO4-Na型。热水水文地球化学特征表明，沃卡盆地地下热水系统具有大气降水补给、浅循环地下水的特征，热水以深部熔融体为热源，受控于沃卡半隐伏控热断裂构造，但受裂隙潜水或地表冷水的混合作用，其Na-K-Mg平衡图表现为部分平衡或混合水。利用混合模型对热储真实温度进行估算，得到热储的温度范围为120~200℃，冷水混入比例为70%~83%。
Abstract:Based on the study of hot water hydrogeochemical characteristics of the Oiga Graben Geothermal Waters, the authors carried out hot water heat storage temperature and recharge elevation calculation, and established the Oiga Thermal Spring mediumhigh temperature geothermal concept model. The results show that the Oiga hot spring is of medium-alkaline water with low TDS, and the water chemical types are mainly SO4-Na type, SO4-Cl-Na type and HCO3- SO4-Na type. The hydrogeochemical characteristics of hot water indicate that the Oiga Springs are characterized by atmospheric rainfall recharge and shallow circulation groundwater in shallow geothermal systems. The hot water is heated by deep melting body and controlled by the Oiga semiinvisible controlled thermal fracture structure. but it is partially balanced or mixed with water in the Na-K-Mg triangle diagram due to the mixing effect by fissure diving or surface cold water. The mixed model is used to estimate the temperature before the influence of hot water and cold water mixing, the temperature range of the heat storage is 120-200℃, and the cold water mixing ratio is 70%-83%.
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Key words:
- Oiga hot spring /
- hydrogeochemistry /
- formation mechanism /
- Cona-Oiga rift /
- Oiga Graben /
- hydrogeological survey engineering /
- Tibet
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图 7 错那−墨竹工卡剖面电阻率模型(据谭捍东等, 2004, 2006修改)
Figure 7.
表 3 地下热水饱和指数模拟结果
Table 3. Simulation results in the saturation index of underground hot water
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表 4 运用地球化学温标计算的热储温度值
Table 4. The temperature of thermal storage calculated by geochemical temperature scale
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表 5 热水温度、焓以及SiO2质量浓度关系
Table 5. Relationship of water temperature, enthalpy and mass concentration of SiO2
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