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新疆塔城盆地地下水中铁锰分布特征及人类活动的影响

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吕晓立, 刘景涛, 周冰, 朱亮. 2020. 新疆塔城盆地地下水中铁锰分布特征及人类活动的影响[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1765-1775. doi: 10.12029/gc20200613
引用本文: 吕晓立, 刘景涛, 周冰, 朱亮. 2020. 新疆塔城盆地地下水中铁锰分布特征及人类活动的影响[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1765-1775. doi: 10.12029/gc20200613
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LÜ Xiaoli, LIU Jingtao, ZHOU Bing, ZHU Liang. 2020. Fe and Mn distribution of groundwater in the Tacheng Basin, Xinjiang and its impact of human activities[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1765-1775. doi: 10.12029/gc20200613
Citation: LÜ Xiaoli, LIU Jingtao, ZHOU Bing, ZHU Liang. 2020. Fe and Mn distribution of groundwater in the Tacheng Basin, Xinjiang and its impact of human activities[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1765-1775. doi: 10.12029/gc20200613
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新疆塔城盆地地下水中铁锰分布特征及人类活动的影响

  • 1.

    中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所, 河北 石家庄 050061

  • 2.

    河北省地下水污染与修复重点实验室, 中国地质调查局地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室, 河北 石家庄 050061

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局地质调查项目“珠江三角洲松散沉积含水层水质综合调查”(DD20160308)、“湟水河水文地质综合调查”(DD20190311)及国家自然科学基金项目“微米活性碳粉在孔隙含水层中的运移研究”(41472226)联合资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 吕晓立, 女, 1978年生, 硕士, 高级工程师, 主要从事地下水污染调查与修复研究; E-mail:2767398591@qq.com
    通讯作者: 刘景涛, 男, 1981年生, 副研究员, 主要从事污染水文地质研究; E-mail:728881944@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: P641

Fe and Mn distribution of groundwater in the Tacheng Basin, Xinjiang and its impact of human activities

  • 1.

    Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, CAGS, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China

  • 2.

    Hebei and China Geological Survey Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by Project of China Geological Survey (No. DD20160308, DD20190311) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41472226)
More Information
    Author Bio: LÜ Xiaol, female, born in 1978, master, senior engineer, majors in groundwater pollution investigation and remediation research; E-mail:2767398591@qq.com .
    Corresponding author: LIU Jingtao, male, born in 1981, associate researcher, majors in the study of pollution hydrogeology; E-mail: 728881944@qq.com

    摘要

  • 以新疆塔城盆地80组地下水样品水化学组分测试结果为依据，结合区域地质、水文地质调查资料，研究塔城盆地地下水中铁、锰分布特征及其成因。结果表明，研究区浅层地下水中铁、锰浓度总体较低，局部超标，其空间分布特征基本一致。对比2017年发布的地下水质量标准，地下水中铁、锰超标率依次为25%和5%，深层承压水铁、锰含量均未超标。地下水中铁锰离子浓度受原生地质环境所控，同时叠加人类活动影响，城镇周边人口密集区尤其是排污沟渠附近地下水中耗氧量、溶解性总固体、铁、锰含量明显升高。地下水中铁锰超标连片区域呈条带状或斑块状分布于塔城盆地北部山区、中部冲积平原区以及南部低山丘陵区的铜钼成矿带，受人类活动影响，在塔城市、额敏县及其周边的地表水和地下水重污染区分布有地下水铁、锰重污染点，污染物特别是有机污染物排放所引起的还原环境促使地层中难溶的铁锰矿物的溶解释放。地层中，尤其是矿床及周边地层中高含量的铁锰是地下水中铁锰的重要来源，沉积层中富含丰富的有机质同时叠加人类活动输入所形成的还原条件是研究区地下水中铁、锰迁移和富集的主控因素。

    80 shallow groundwater samples were collected from Tacheng Basin and analyzed for their chemical composition,and the distribution and source of Fe and Mn in groundwater in Tacheng Basin were studied. Generally,the shallow groundwater in Tacheng Basin is significantly polluted by Fe and Mn. 25% and 5% of the groundwater samples show Fe and Mn exceeding the groundwater standard,respectively. The concentrations of iron and manganese in deep confined water do not exceed the standard. The concentrations of Fe and Mn are controlled by the original geological and sedimentary environment and the superstition of human activities. High concentrations of iron and manganese in groundwater are distributed in stripes or patches in the copper and molybdenum metallogenic belts in northern mountains,middle alluvial plains and southern hilly areas of Tacheng Basin. The spatial distribution characteristics of iron and manganese in the groundwater of the study area are basically the same. The heavy pollution points of iron and manganese are mainly distributed in Tacheng of Emin County and its surrounding areas. The distribution of iron and manganese in groundwater in the study area is closely related to soil and aquifer composition,human activities and some other factors. Redox and groundwater runoff conditions are the main factors affecting the migration and enrichment of iron and manganese in groundwater. Infiltration of polluted water from sewage ditches is an important factor affecting the content of iron and manganese in underground water of heavy pollution spots in Tacheng Basin.

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  • 图 1  地下水采样点及浅层水铁含量分布图

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  研究区水文地质剖面示意图

    Figure 2. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 3  平原区和山前洪积扇地下水化学Piper三线图

    Figure 3. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 4  地下水采样点及浅层水锰含量分布图

    Figure 4. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  地下水Fe、Mn浓度与水位埋深关系图

    Figure 5. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6  潜在污染源周边地下水中HCO3–浓度与Fe浓度、耗氧量的相关性

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  排污沟渠周边地下水中Fe、Mn浓度与耗氧量相关性

    Figure 7. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 8  地下水Fe、Mn质量浓度与pH关系图

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  地下水Fe、Mn质量浓度与TDS浓度关系图

    Figure 9. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    表 1  地下水铁锰含量及其水化学特征

    Table 1.  Fe, Mncontent and hydrochemical characteristics of groundwater

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  地表水铁锰含量及其水化学特征

    Table 2.  Fe, Mn content and hydrochemical characteristics of surface water

    下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:  2018-09-15
修回日期:  2019-02-19
刊出日期:  2020-12-25

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