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斜坡单元支持下基于土体含水率的陕西省清涧县城区黄土滑坡危险性评价

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薛强, 张茂省, 高波. 2020. 斜坡单元支持下基于土体含水率的陕西省清涧县城区黄土滑坡危险性评价[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1904-1914. doi: 10.12029/gc20200624
引用本文: 薛强, 张茂省, 高波. 2020. 斜坡单元支持下基于土体含水率的陕西省清涧县城区黄土滑坡危险性评价[J]. 中国地质, 47(6): 1904-1914. doi: 10.12029/gc20200624
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XUE Qiang, ZHANG Maosheng, GAO Bo. 2020. Hazard assessment of loess landslide based on soil moisture content and supported by slope unit in Qingjian City, Shaanxi Province[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1904-1914. doi: 10.12029/gc20200624
Citation: XUE Qiang, ZHANG Maosheng, GAO Bo. 2020. Hazard assessment of loess landslide based on soil moisture content and supported by slope unit in Qingjian City, Shaanxi Province[J]. Geology in China, 47(6): 1904-1914. doi: 10.12029/gc20200624
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斜坡单元支持下基于土体含水率的陕西省清涧县城区黄土滑坡危险性评价

  • 1.

    中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西 西安 710054

  • 2.

    自然资源部黄土地质灾害重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054

  • 3.

    自然资源部黄土高原地质灾害野外科学观测研究站, 陕西 西安 710054

  • 基金项目:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(41731289、41530640)、国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1504700)及中国地质调查局项目(12120113008900、DD20189270)联合资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 薛强, 男, 1979年生, 高级工程师, 主要从事地质灾害调查与研究工作; E-mail:xqiang@mail.cgs.gov.cn

  • 中图分类号: P694

Hazard assessment of loess landslide based on soil moisture content and supported by slope unit in Qingjian City, Shaanxi Province

  • 1.

    Xi'an Center of China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

  • 2.

    Key Laboratory for Geo-hazards in Loess Area, MNR, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

  • 3.

    Observation and Research Station of Geo-hazards in Loess Plateau, MNR, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Program (No. 41731289, 41530640), National Key Research and Development Plan (No. 2018YFC1504700), China Geological Survey Project (No. 12120113008900, DD20189270)
More Information
    Author Bio: XUE Qiang, male, born in 1979, senior engineer, mainly engages in geo- hazards investigation and research; E-mail:xqiang@mail.cgs.gov.cn .

    摘要

  • 滑坡危险性评价是减灾防灾的重要措施之一。通过野外调查，陕西省清涧县城区周边斜坡地带共发育滑坡138处，严重威胁县城安全。为了准确评价清涧县城区滑坡危险性，按照河流沟谷的发育情况和地形地貌的完整性，将清涧县城区及周边区域的斜坡地带共划分为925个斜坡单元，将斜坡单元按照不同的坡度、坡高和坡型分别进行不同土体含水率工况下的斜坡稳定性计算。计算结果表明，随着斜坡土体含水率的逐渐增加，城区内稳定斜坡的面积逐渐减少，不稳定斜坡的面积逐渐增大。依据陕北地区黄土斜坡土体含水率监测数据，分析计算土体含水率（w）的出现概率，w≤0.15出现的概率为0.622（概率很高），0.15 < w≤0.2出现的概率为0.2963（概率高），0.2 < w≤0.25出现的概率为0.0816（概率中），w>0.25出现的概率为0（概率低）。结合斜坡稳定性计算结果和含水率出现概率，评价斜坡单元危险性。评价结果表明，清涧县城区危险性很高区面积3.27 km2，包含斜坡单元112个，已发生滑坡点92个；危险性高区面积4.19 km2，包含斜坡单元128个，已发生滑坡点36个；危险性中区面积8.75 km2，包含斜坡单元251个，已发生滑坡点6个；危险性低区面积15.20 km2，包含斜坡单元434个，已发生滑坡点4个。

    Landslide hazard assessment is one of the important measures for disaster reduction and prevention. Field investigations show that 138 landslides are developed along the slopes around the city area in Qingjian, which seriously threaten the safety of the city. In order to accurately evaluate the hazard of landslides in Qingjian City, the authors divided the slope zone of Qingjian City and surrounding areas into 925 slope units according to the development of river valleys and the integrity of topography. The slope units were calculated according to different slope gradients, slope heights and slope patterns under different soil moisture values. The calculation results show that, with the gradual increase of the soil moisture content of slope, the area of the stable slope gradually decreases, and the area of the unstable slope gradually increases. According to the monitoring data of soil moisture content of loess slope in northern Shaanxi, the probabilities of occurrence of soil moisture content (w) were analyzed and calculated. The probability of occurrence of w ≤ 0.15 is 0.622 (very high probability), that of 0.15 < w ≤ 0.2 is 0.2963 (high probability), that of 0.2 < w ≤ 0.25 is 0.0816 (medium probability), and that of w>0.25 is 0 (low probability). The hazards of slope units were assessed in combination with the slope stability calculation results and the soil moisture content occurrence probability. The assessment results show that the very high hazard area is 3.27 km2, which includes 112 slope units and 92 landslides; the high hazard area is 4.19km2, which includes 128 slope units and 36 landslides; the medium hazard area is 8.75 km2, which includes 251 slope units and 6 landslides; the low hazard area is 15.20km2, which includes 434 slope units and 4 landslides.

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  • 图 1  清涧县城区及周边滑坡分布图（左：整体图；右：A、B区域局部放大）

    Figure 1. 

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    图 2  清涧县城及周边区域斜坡单元划分图

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  清涧县城及周边区域滑坡密度图

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  清涧县城及周边区域斜坡单元坡度图

    Figure 4. 

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    图 5  清涧县城及周边区域斜坡单元坡高图

    Figure 5. 

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    图 6  清涧县城及周边区域斜坡单元坡型图

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  坡高50 m、坡度35°的黄土斜坡在不同坡型、不同含水率工况下的稳定性计算示意图

    Figure 7. 

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    图 8  不同含水率工况下清涧县城区斜坡单元稳定性计算结果分布图

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  不同含水率条件下稳定和不稳定斜坡面积变化

    Figure 9. 

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    图 10  不同含水率条件下稳定和不稳定斜坡单元内已发生滑坡数量变化

    Figure 10. 

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    图 11  陕北地区黄土斜坡土体含水率监测曲线

    Figure 11. 

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    图 12  黄土斜坡土体含水率出现概率

    Figure 12. 

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    图 13  清涧县城区及周边斜坡失稳危险性评价图

    Figure 13. 

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    表 1  清涧县城区不同含水率工况下的土体物理力学参数

    Table 1.  Physical and mechanical parameters of soil under different water values in Qingjian City

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    表 2  清涧县城区不同含水率工况下斜坡单元稳定性计算结果统计

    Table 2.  Statistics of calculation results of slope under different water values in Qingjian City

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  斜坡失稳危险性分级

    Table 3.  Classification table of slope instability hazard

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收稿日期:  2018-09-05
修回日期:  2019-05-23
刊出日期:  2020-12-25

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