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滇西北香格里拉铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿成矿热液蚀变与元素迁移富集规律

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李守奎, 陈建航, 刘学龙, 张世涛, 李振焕. 2023. 滇西北香格里拉铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿成矿热液蚀变与元素迁移富集规律[J]. 中国地质, 50(6): 1745-1763. doi: 10.12029/gc20201020001
引用本文: 李守奎, 陈建航, 刘学龙, 张世涛, 李振焕. 2023. 滇西北香格里拉铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿成矿热液蚀变与元素迁移富集规律[J]. 中国地质, 50(6): 1745-1763. doi: 10.12029/gc20201020001
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LI Shoukui, CHEN Jianhang, LIU Xuelong, ZHANG Shitao, LI Zhenhuan. 2023. The law of ore-forming hydrothermal alteration and element transfer enrichment in the Tongchanggou porphyry Mo-Cu deposit in Shangri-La, Northwest Yunnan[J]. Geology in China, 50(6): 1745-1763. doi: 10.12029/gc20201020001
Citation: LI Shoukui, CHEN Jianhang, LIU Xuelong, ZHANG Shitao, LI Zhenhuan. 2023. The law of ore-forming hydrothermal alteration and element transfer enrichment in the Tongchanggou porphyry Mo-Cu deposit in Shangri-La, Northwest Yunnan[J]. Geology in China, 50(6): 1745-1763. doi: 10.12029/gc20201020001
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滇西北香格里拉铜厂沟斑岩型钼铜矿成矿热液蚀变与元素迁移富集规律

  • 1.

    昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院, 云南 昆明 650032

  • 2.

    保山学院工程技术学院, 云南 保山 678000

  • 基金项目:
    云南黄金集团校企合作项目（KKF0202121292）、国家自然科学基金项目（42362010）、昆明理工大学“双一流”科技专项课题（202202AG050006-2）、云南省高层次科技人才及创新团队选拔专项（202305AT350004-4）和云南省三江成矿系统与评价顶尖团队培育项目（202305AS350015）联合资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 李守奎, 男, 1986年生, 博士, 高级工程师, 从事矿床学研究; E-mail: 289749859@qq.com
    通讯作者: 刘学龙, 男, 1983年生, 教授, 从事云南三江地区的地质矿产研究工作; E-mail: xuelongliu@foxmail.com

  • 中图分类号: P595;P618.41;P618.65

The law of ore-forming hydrothermal alteration and element transfer enrichment in the Tongchanggou porphyry Mo-Cu deposit in Shangri-La, Northwest Yunnan

  • 1.

    Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China

  • 2.

    Faculty of Engineering Technology, Baoshan University, Baoshan 678000, Yunnan, China

  • Fund Project: Supported by Yunnan Gold Group School-Enterprise Cooperation Project (No.KKF0202121292), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.42362010), Kunming University of Science and Technology's 'Double First-Class' Science and Technology Special Project (No.202202AG050006-2), Yunnan Province High-level Scientific and Technological Talents and Innovation Team Selection Special Project (No.202305AT350004-4) and Yunnan Sanjiang Metallogenic System and Evaluation Top Team Cultivation Project (No.202305AS350015)
More Information
    Author Bio: LI Shoukui, male, born in 1986, doctor, senior engineer, engaged in reaserch on economic geology; E-mail: 289749859@qq.com .
    Corresponding author: LIU Xuelong, male, born in 1983, professor, engaged in geological and mineral research in Sanjiang area of Yunnan Province; E-mail: xuelongliu@foxmail.com

    摘要
  • 研究目的

    云南省中甸地区燕山晚期是格咱岛弧最重要的斑岩型Mo多金属成矿时期，本文选择该区铜厂沟大型斑岩型钼铜矿Ⅳ号花岗闪长斑岩体作为研究对象，尝试揭示斑岩体在矿化蚀变过程中元素迁移规律和围岩蚀变与成矿的关系。

     研究方法

    本文对Ⅳ号花岗闪长斑岩体原岩及不同蚀变带岩分别做了主量、微量及稀土元素分析，运用标准化Isocon方法对主量、微量及稀土元素进行了质量平衡及迁移量计算分析。

     研究结果

    斑岩体矿化蚀变有钾硅酸盐化、绢英岩化、青磐岩化等，各个蚀变带中主要迁入SiO2、K2O、挥发分等主量元素，大量迁出Na2O；而Al2O3、TiO2、P2O5等主量元素和Zr、Nb、Hf、Th、Ta等高场强元素及稀土元素迁移活动性差，为惰性组分；Cu、Pb、Zn、Ag等成矿元素和Sb、As指示元素具有大量外迁的趋势，反映岩体外围具有找相关矿种的潜力；绢英岩化带与Mo成矿关系最为密切，其次为钾硅酸盐带；Mo与Cu二者具有不同的沉淀致矿机制，前者主要受“酸碱度转换障”控制，后者受“硅钙面”和“后生构造界面”控制；该斑岩体规模小，Mo背景值低，然其迁入量达3000%以上，约30%岩体为钼矿体，暗示深部岩浆房对成矿贡献巨大。

     结论

    本次工作为铜厂沟矿床的成矿物质来源、成矿作用研究和找矿勘查提供了地质参考依据。

    This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.

     Objective

    The late Yanshannian epoch was the most important period of multi-metal mineralization of porphyry Mo at the Geza island arc in Zhongdian area, Yunnan province. In this paper, we chose the No.Ⅳ granitic diorite porphyry body of Tongchanggou large-scale porphyry molybdenum-copper deposit in this area as the research object, attempting to reveal the elemental migration rule of porphyry body in the process of mineralized alteration and the relationship between the peripheral rock alteration and mineralization.

     Methods

    In this paper, the major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements in the original rock and the rocks in different alteration zones of No.Ⅳ granodiorite porphyry are analyzed respectively. The mass balance and migration amount of these major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements are calculated and analyzed by using the normalized Isocon method.

     Results

    The results show that K-silicate alteration, sericite-quartz alteration, and propylitization were involved in the process of the mineralization and alteration of the porphyry body, and SiO2, K2O and volatile matters are major elements migrating in the alteration zones while a large amount of Na2O migrated out; while major elements such as Al2O3, TiO2 and P2O5, and high field strength elements such as Zr, Nb, Hf, Th and Ta, and rare earth elements all present poor migration activity, belonging to inert components; mineralizing elements such as Cu, Pb, Zn and Ag, and indicator elements such as Sb and As show a trend to migrate out, reflecting the potential to find relevant types of ore around the rock body; the sericite-quartz zone is the most closely related to Mo mineralization, followed by K-silicate alteration; the deposition and mineralization mechanism of Mo is different from that of Cu, the former is mainly under the control of "converted barrier of pH", and the latter is under the control of "silicon-calcium surface" and "epigenetic structure interface"; this porphyry is small in scale, with a low background value of Mo but high migration amount of over 3000%, and around 30% of the rock body is molybdenum deposit, which implies the deep-seated magma chamber contributed tremendously to the mineralization.

     Conclusions

    This work provides a geological reference for the source of oreforming materials, the study of mineralization and the prospecting and exploration of the Tongchanggou deposit.
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  • 图 1  云南中甸地区大地构造（a）及地质矿产分布图（b）（据刘学龙等，2016b；刘学龙和李文昌，2017）

    Figure 1. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 2  铜厂沟钼铜矿床矿区地质图（a）及地质剖面简图（b、c）（据黄定柱，2017；向坤，2019修改）

    Figure 2. 

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    图 3  铜厂沟钼铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩及主要造岩矿物特征

    Figure 3. 

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    图 4  铜厂沟钼铜矿床含矿斑岩各蚀变带特征

    Figure 4. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 5  铜厂沟钼铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩SiO2-K2O图解（a）和A/CNK-A/NK分类图解（b）

    Figure 5. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 6  铜厂沟钼铜矿床花岗闪长斑岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图（a，标准化值据Sun and Mcdonough, 1989）和微量元素蛛网图（b，标准化值据Taylor and Mclennan, 1985）

    Figure 6. 

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    图 7  铜厂沟钼铜矿床Ⅳ号斑岩体各蚀变带Isocon图解

    Figure 7. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 8  铜厂沟钼铜矿床Ⅳ号斑岩体各蚀变带的元素迁移质量平衡计算

    Figure 8. 

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    图 9  铜厂沟钼铜矿床蚀变花岗闪长斑岩常量元素质量迁移对比图

    Figure 9. 

    下载: 全尺寸图片 幻灯片

    图 10  铜厂沟钼铜矿床蚀变花岗闪长斑岩微量、稀土元素质量迁移对比图

    Figure 10. 

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    表 1  铜厂沟钼铜矿床Ⅳ号斑岩体原岩及蚀变岩主量、微量、稀土元素分析结果

    Table 1.  Analysis results of major, trace and rare earth elements of protolith and altered rock of No.Ⅳ porphyry in Tongchanggou Mo-Cu deposit

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  Ⅳ号斑岩体原岩及蚀变岩元素平均含量、标准化的成分值和投图数据及元素迁移结果

    Table 2.  Average element content, normalized composition value, mapping data and element migration results of protolith and altered rocks of No.Ⅳ porphyry

    下载: 导出CSV
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