Research on flow units of ultra-low permeability oil-gas reservoirs in Sheng 554 fault block of Sanzhao depression, northern Songliao Basin
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摘要:
油气储层流动单元在高、中、低渗储层表征中已经得到普遍应用，但在特低渗储层研究中仍然很少涉及。以松辽盆地北部三肇凹陷升554断块下白垩统泉头组四段扶余油层特低渗储层为例，划分出E、G、P三种流动单元类型，从E类至P类流动单元，渗流能力逐渐减小。流动单元物性特征、空间分布特征均表明流动单元储层非均质性较强。分析了沉积相及开启型正断层对流动单元发育的控制作用。研究发现，在特低渗储层尺度内，流动单元自身的渗流能力对油藏开发的作用已经很小，而不同流动单元之间的渗流能力差异引起油藏开发效果的不同也已不明显，开发效果主要取决于砂体射开厚度、注水效果等开发因素以及断层渗流通道、泥岩渗流屏障、砂体厚度等地质因素。这与以往储层流动单元研究中普遍认为的“流动单元渗流能力越强，油藏注水开发效果越好”的观点是截然不同的。通过本文以期为特低渗油气储层流动单元研究提供一定借鉴，为特低渗油藏开发提供一定参考依据。
Abstract:The oil-gas reservoir flow units have been widely used in the characterization of high, medium and low permeability reservoirs, but they are still rarely involved in the study of ultra-low permeability reservoirs. As to a case of the ultra-low permeability reservoirs of the Fuyu oil layers in the Fourth Member of the Lower Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Sheng 554 fault block of Sanzhao Sag in northern Songliao Basin, three types of flow units have been classified, including E type, G type and P type. The flow capacity is gradually reduced from E type to P type. The physical and spatial distribution characteristics of the flow units indicate that the flow units reservoirs are highly heterogeneous. The controlling effects of sedimentary facies and open normal faults on the development of flow units are analyzed. It is found that the flow capacity of the flow units themselves has little effect on the reservoir development, and the difference of the reservoir development effect caused by the difference of the flow capacity among different flow units is not obvious in the scale of ultra-low permeability reservoirs. The development effect mainly depends on the development factors such as the thickness of the perforated sandbody and the effect of water injection, and the geological factors such as the fault seepage channel, the mudstone seepage barrier and the thickness of sandbody. This is quite different from the previous view that the more the flow capacity of flow units is, the better the reservoir development effect of water injection is. The result is expected to provide some reference for the study of flow units in ultra-low permeability oil-gas reservoirs and for the development of ultra-low permeability reservoirs.
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