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节水灌溉对黄河流域宁夏引黄灌区水平衡的影响机制及其生态效应

赵敏敏, 王思源, 韩双宝, 王赛, 李甫成, 李海学, 袁磊, 马涛, 魏世博, 吴玺, 蔺鹏飞, 鲍晶. 2023. 节水灌溉对黄河流域宁夏引黄灌区水平衡的影响机制及其生态效应[J]. 中国地质, 50(1): 26-35. doi: 10.12029/gc20220320002
引用本文: 赵敏敏, 王思源, 韩双宝, 王赛, 李甫成, 李海学, 袁磊, 马涛, 魏世博, 吴玺, 蔺鹏飞, 鲍晶. 2023. 节水灌溉对黄河流域宁夏引黄灌区水平衡的影响机制及其生态效应[J]. 中国地质, 50(1): 26-35. doi: 10.12029/gc20220320002
ZHAO Minmin, WANG Siyuan, HAN Shuangbao, WANG Sai, LI Fucheng, LI Haixue, YUAN Lei, MA Tao, WEI Shibo, WU Xi, LIN Pengfei, BAO Jing. 2023. Influence mechanism and ecological effect of water saving irrigation on water balance in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia[J]. Geology in China, 50(1): 26-35. doi: 10.12029/gc20220320002
Citation: ZHAO Minmin, WANG Siyuan, HAN Shuangbao, WANG Sai, LI Fucheng, LI Haixue, YUAN Lei, MA Tao, WEI Shibo, WU Xi, LIN Pengfei, BAO Jing. 2023. Influence mechanism and ecological effect of water saving irrigation on water balance in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia[J]. Geology in China, 50(1): 26-35. doi: 10.12029/gc20220320002

节水灌溉对黄河流域宁夏引黄灌区水平衡的影响机制及其生态效应

  • 基金项目:
    中国地质调查局项目(DD20221754)资助
详细信息
    作者简介: 赵敏敏, 女, 1990年生, 博士, 工程师, 主要从事生态水文研究; E-mail: zminmin@mail.cgs.gov.cn
    通讯作者: 王思源, 男, 1989年生, 博士, 高级工程师, 主要从事环境地质研究; E-mail: wangsiyuan@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • 中图分类号: X821

Influence mechanism and ecological effect of water saving irrigation on water balance in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia

  • Fund Project: Supported by the project of China Geological Survey (No.DD20190333)
More Information
    Author Bio: ZHAO Minmin, female, born in 1990, doctor, engineer, engaged in eco-hydrological research; E-mail: zminmin@mail.cgs.gov.cn .
    Corresponding author: WANG Siyuan, male, born in 1989, doctor, senior engineer, engaged in environmental geology research; E-mail: wangsiyuan@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • 研究目的

    宁夏引黄灌区是中国重要的粮食生产基地之一,自实施节水灌溉以来,渠系衬砌、田间节水等节水工程影响了区域水平衡状况,研究节水灌溉对水平衡的影响机制及其生态效应对于区域水资源优化管理具有重要意义。

    研究方法

    通过构建宁夏引黄灌区“水-土-气-生”多元化数据库,运用秩相关分析和Spearman相关分析方法,研究了2000—2020年宁夏引黄灌区的水平衡要素演变趋势、水平衡演化机制及其生态效应。

    研究结果

    宁夏引黄灌区社会经济发展主要依赖过境黄河水,节水灌溉后水循环通量显著减少,2000—2020年农业用水量减少21.38×108 m3,引黄水量减少19.52×108 m3,排水量减少19.11×108 m3;节水灌溉是水平衡演化的主要驱动因子,农业用水量减少直接导致引黄水量与地表水体补给地下水资源量减少(P < 0.01);节水灌溉后地表水体补给地下水量减少8.68×108 m3,地下水资源量减少8.89×108 m3,地下水位普遍下降,盐渍化程度有所减轻,但改变了湖泊和地下水的水力联系,导致生态需水量增加。

    结论

    节水灌溉后农业用水效率得到提高,水循环通量显著减少,地下水位下降对生态环境造成一定影响,建议以生态安全为底线进一步优化节水方案,相关研究成果为区域自然资源管理及生态保护修复提供支撑。

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  • 图 1  研究区概况

    Figure 1. 

    图 2  宁夏引黄灌区社会腾发量变化

    Figure 2. 

    图 3  降水量、引水量与社会腾发量变化

    Figure 3. 

    图 4  土地利用图(a, 2000年;b, 2020年)

    Figure 4. 

    图 5  引水量、农业用水量和地表水体补给地下水量变化

    Figure 5. 

    图 6  宁夏引黄灌区水平衡演变机制

    Figure 6. 

    图 7  湿地地表水-地下水交互模式简图(据罗杰,2020修改)

    Figure 7. 

    表 1  宁夏引黄灌区水平衡要素的Spearman相关系数

    Table 1.  Spearman correlation coefficients of water balance elements in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2  宁夏引黄灌区水平衡要素变化

    Table 2.  Changes in water balance elements in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia

    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3  2000—2020年土地利用转移矩阵

    Table 3.  Land-use transfer matrix from 2000 to 2020

    下载: 导出CSV
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出版历程
收稿日期:  2022-03-20
修回日期:  2022-06-06
刊出日期:  2023-02-25

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