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摘要:
研究目的 金矿是华北地区的优势矿种之一，资源丰富、类型多样。开展华北地区金矿资源特征与成矿规律研究，对于进一步开展金矿勘查工作部署具有重要意义。
研究方法 本文系统收集和整理了已有金矿地质资料，全面总结了华北地区金矿资源禀赋、矿床类型、时空分布规律、控矿因素、成矿演化及资源潜力。
研究结果 从矿床成因角度，华北地区金矿类型可划分为花岗-绿岩型、火山岩型、岩浆热液型、变质碎屑岩中热液型、砂金型和风化壳型等6大类；从矿产预测角度，可划分为44个矿产预测类型，其中与岩浆岩、火山岩、绿岩建造有关金矿类型最为重要。根据金矿演化规律，将华北地区金成矿划分为五台—吕梁期、华力西期、印支期、燕山期、喜马拉雅期等5个主成矿期，其中燕山期为金矿爆发期。金矿主要产出于华北克拉通边缘、裂谷带及造山带内，形成于大陆裂谷、岛弧（火山弧）、活动大陆边缘等构造环境。
结论 本文在华北地区划分出47处金矿重要找矿远景区，并提出加强重要找矿远景区及矿集区深部金矿资源勘查是实现找矿突破的重要途径。
Abstract:This paper is the result of mineral exploration engineering.
Objective Gold deposit is one of the dominant minerals in North China, which is rich in resources and diverse in types. It is of great significance to carry out the research on the characteristics of gold resources and metallogenic regularity for further deployment of gold exploration in North China.
Methods Based on the systematic collection of the previous gold research results in this area, the resource endowment, types of deposits, characteristics of spatiotemporal distribution and ore controlling, metallogenic evolution and potentiality have been summarized comprehensively.
Results Firstly, according to the genetic type of the deposit, six types of deposits can be divided in North China, including the types of granite greenstone, volcanic, magmatic hydrothermal, metaclastic hydrothermal, placer and weathering crust. Secondly, it can be divided into 44 types of mineral prediction, among which the types of magmatic rocks, volcanic rocks and greenstones are the most important.Besides, statistics precise chronology data of gold deposits indicate that there are 5 periods of gold mineralization in the geological history in North China. These periods are Wutai-Lüliang, Variscan, Indosinian, Yanshanian and Himalayan. The Au mineralization during Yanshanian period is the strongest one.The gold deposits are mainly occurred in the margin of North China Craton, rift zones and orogenic belts, which formed in continental rift, island arc (volcanic arc) and active continental margin environments.
Conclusions The comprehensive analysis shows that 47 important gold prospecting prospects can be divided in North China, and deep exploration and peripheral investigation in important prospective areas and ore concentration areas should be strengthened to achieve a breakthrough in gold prospecting.
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表 2 华北地区金矿产地成矿期统计
Table 2. Statistics of metallogenic period of gold deposits in North China
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